Infrasonic waves from volcanic eruptions on the Kamchatka peninsula

On December 18, 2018 at 23:48 UTC in the Earths atmosphere, at the height of 25,6 km over the Bering sea, destruction of a meteoroid with formation of a shockwave occurred. The mass of the Beringovomorsky meteoroid is estimated as 1600 tons, and its diameter is estimated as 9-14 meters. If assessment is right, then for the last 30 years it was the second in energy explosion of a space body in the Earths atmosphere. The nearest to the epicenter of meteoroid explosion station of the international system of infrasonic monitoring (IS44 station) is located on the Kamchatka peninsula at a distance of 1024 km. At IS44 station, an infrasonic signal from destruction of a meteoroid was registered. In this paper, the results of analysis of the infrasonic signal registered by IS44 are represented and the estimation of energy of this event is carried out.

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Infrasonic waves from Alaskan Volcanic Eruptions

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres ◽

10.1029/jc074i018p04511 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 74 (18) ◽

pp. 4511-4522 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Charles R. Wilson ◽

Robert B. Forbes

Keyword(s):

Volcanic Eruptions ◽

Infrasonic Waves

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Hydrogeological precursors of earthquakes and volcanic activations according to observation data in Kamchatka Peninsula wells

Earth sciences and subsoil use ◽

10.21285/2686-9993-2021-44-2-141-150 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 141-150

Author(s):

G. N. Kopylova ◽

S. V. Boldina

Keyword(s):

Epicentral Distance ◽

Volcanic Eruptions ◽

Kamchatka Peninsula ◽

Observation Data ◽

Seismic Action ◽

Specific Density ◽

Earthquake Parameters ◽

Observation Area ◽

Study Results ◽

Precursors Of Earthquakes

The purpose of the study is generalization of data on the manifestations of hydrogeological earthquake precursors and volcanic activations based on long-term observations in the wells of the eastern part of the Kamchatka Peninsula. The main problem under consideration is the connection between the manifestations of hydrogeological precursors in several wells with the values of the magnitude Mw and epicentral distance of earthquakes to the wells de as well as with the parameters of seismic action in the observation area including specific density of seismic wave energy e and macroseismic intensity of shaking IMSK-64. The study results revealed that hydrogeological precursors in two-four wells had been manifesting for the period from 1 to 9 months before the strongest earthquakes with Mw = 6.6–7.8 at the epicentral distances de = 90–300 km. Such earthquakes were accompanied by the shakings of the intensity of IMSK-64 = 4–6 points. The specific density of seismic energy under such earthquakes was minimum 0.1 J/m3. The hydrogeological precursors were confined to the area for which the ratios of the earthquake epicentral distance de to the maximum linear size of the earthquake source L, km ranged from 1 to 3.7. Using the established relationships between the manifestations of hydrogeological precursors and earthquake parameters, weekly prognostic conclusions were made for expert earthquake prediction councils based on the data of current observations in wells. The well located at the distance of 15 and 20 km from the Koryaksky and Avacha active volcanoes featured the anomalous rise of groundwater pressure before the eruptions in 1991 and 2008– 2009. Therefore, a conclusion can be drawn that observation equipment operating in wells, the study results of hydrogeological precursors of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions as well as their application experience in the work of expert councils can form the scientific and technical basis for the development of geoinformation prediction technology for natural disasters in the Kamchatka Krai.

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Recording of atmospheric electrical potential gradient in the central part of Kamchatka peninsula

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20186202013 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 62 ◽

pp. 02013

Author(s):

Rinat Akbashev ◽

Pavel Firstov ◽

Nina Cherneva

Keyword(s):

Near Field ◽

Electrical Potential ◽

Potential Gradient ◽

Volcanic Eruptions ◽

Kamchatka Peninsula ◽

Eastern Coast ◽

Field Zone ◽

Ash Fall ◽

Central Kamchatka Depression ◽

Electrical Potential Gradient

Electrostatic fluxmeters are in operation at three sites in the region of Central Kamchatka depression to record the atmospheric electrical potential gradient (PG). PG diurnal variations for these sites are compared with those of «Paratunka» observatory (PRT) located on the Eastern coast of Kamchatka peninsula. Cases of the response in AEV V′ dynamics on eruptive cloud passage, occurring during Shiveluch volcano explosive eruptions, are described. Negative polarity signals with the maximum values up to 5 kV/m were recorded in the near-field zone (< 50 km) during ash fall. Positive polarity signals were recorded in the far-field zone (> 100 km). Recording of signals in PG occurring during eruptive cloud passage may be one of the components of complex observations over volcanic eruptions.

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IDC events related to volcanic activity at Kamchatka Peninsula

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-9926 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Paulina Bittner ◽

Jane Gore ◽

David Applbaum ◽

Aaron Jimenez ◽

Marcela Villarroel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Volcanic Activity ◽

Seismic Station ◽

Volcanic Eruptions ◽

Kamchatka Peninsula ◽

Nuclear Test ◽

Supplementary Information ◽

The Pacific ◽

Response Team ◽

Ctbt Verification ◽

Test Ban

International Monitoring System (IMS) is designed to detect and locate nuclear test explosions as part of Comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) verification regime. This network can be also used for civil applications, such as the remote monitoring of volcanic activity.Events related to volcanic eruptions, which are listed in the International Data Centre (IDC) bulletins, are typically detected by infrasound stations of the IMS network. Infrasound station IS44 and primary seismic station PS36 are situated in Kamchatka, Russian Federation, in the vicinity of several active volcanoes. These two stations recorded seismo-acoustic events generated by volcanic eruptions. In addition to atmospheric events, the IMS network has the potential of detecting underwater volcanic activity. Under favourable conditions, the hydroacoustic stations located in the Pacific Ocean and PS36 may detect underwater events close to the shore of Kamchatka Peninsula.The aim of this presentation is to show examples of volcanic eruptions at Kamchatka Peninsula recorded by the IMS network. Supplementary information obtained by other observing networks can be found in reports issued by Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) or Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC). Such information can be compared with events listed in IDC bulletins.

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Registration of Atmospheric-Electric Effects from Volcanic Clouds on the Kamchatka Peninsula (Russia)

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos11060634 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 634

Author(s):

Pavel P. Firstov ◽

Evgeniy I. Malkin ◽

Rinat R. Akbashev ◽

Gennadiy I. Druzhin ◽

Nina V. Cherneva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electric Field ◽

Volcanic Eruptions ◽

Kamchatka Peninsula ◽

Multi Stage ◽

Electromagnetic Processes ◽

Eruptive Column ◽

Northern Kuril Islands ◽

Lightning Discharges ◽

Electric Effects ◽

The Northern Kuril Islands

The paper is devoted to the description of observations over atmospheric and electric effects from volcanic eruptions on Kamchatka peninsula (Russia) and perspectives of their development. To collect information about atmospheric-electric effects accompanying the eruptions of Kamchatka volcanoes, three sensor networks and a VLF radio direction finding station are used. The World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) provides information on high-current lightning discharges that occur during the development of an eruptive cloud (EC). Variations in the electric field of the atmosphere (AEF E z ), during the passage of EC, were obtained by a network of electric field mills at the sites for volcanic activity observations. Seismic detector network was used to make precision reference to the eruptions. Based on the data obtained, a description is given of the dynamics of eruptions of the most active volcanoes in Kamchatka and the Northern Kuril Islands (Shiveluch, Bezymianny, Ebeko). The paper presents a simulation of the response of the atmospheric electric field, which showed that the approximation by the field of distributed charges makes it possible to estimate the volume charges of EC. The fact of a multi-stage volcanic thunderstorm is confirmed. The first stage is associated with the formation of an eruptive column, and the second with the emergence, development and transfer of EC. Registration of electrical and electromagnetic processes in eruptive clouds can be one of the components of complex observations of volcanic eruptions in order to assess the ash hazard for air transport.

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Reconstruction of maximum temperature on Zhegu Mountain, western Sichuan Plateau (China)

Climate Research ◽

10.3354/cr01606 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 81 ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

M Keyimu ◽

Z Li ◽

Y Zhao ◽

Y Dong ◽

B Fu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tree Growth ◽

Ring Width ◽

Volcanic Eruptions ◽

Southwestern China ◽

Maximum Temperature ◽

Driving Mechanism ◽

Western Sichuan ◽

Relationship Analysis ◽

Decadal Scale ◽

Thermal Variability

Historical temperature reconstructions at high altitudes are still insufficient in southwestern China, which is considered one of the most sensitive areas to climate change in the world. Here we developed a tree ring-width chronology of Faxon fir Abies fargesii var. faxoniana at the upper timber line on Zhegu Mountain, Miyaluo Scenic Area, western Sichuan, China. The climate-tree growth relationship analysis indicated temperature as the dominant regulator on radial tree growth in this region. The reconstruction of aggregated maximum temperature (TMX) of autumn and winter for the period 1856-2016 was achieved with a linear regression model that accounted for 43.6% of the actual variability in the common time series (1954-2016). The reconstruction identified 4 warm periods and 3 cold periods. Similarities of warm and cold periods with previously published reconstructions from nearby sites indicated the reliability of our reconstruction. The significant positive correlation between TMX reconstruction and the Asian-Pacific Oscillation index and the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation index suggested a linkage between large-scale climate circulations and the thermal variability at a multi-decadal scale on the western Sichuan Plateau. We also found that solar activity exerted a strong influence on decadal temperature variability in this region. The cold periods were matched well with historical large volcanic eruptions. Our results strengthen the historical climatic information in southwestern China and contribute to further understanding the regional thermal variability as well as its driving mechanism.

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