The Search for High-Energy Photons and Neutrinos Producing Extensive Air Showers with Energies E > 1018 eV and Zenith Angles θ > 70° in the Yakutsk Array Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-622
Author(s):  
S. P. Knurenko ◽  
I. S. Petrov
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Extensive Air Showers ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Array Data ◽  
Yakutsk Array

Electrons and muons in extensive air showers of energies E 0≥3×1017 eV: Yakutsk array data and QGSJET model

2000 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 1477-1488 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Glushkov ◽  
M. I. Pravdin ◽  
I. E. Sleptsov ◽  
V. R. Sleptsova ◽  
N. N. Kalmykov
Keyword(s):  
Extensive Air Showers ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Array Data ◽  
Yakutsk Array

Monte Carlo studies on electromagnetic cascades in extensive air showers

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. S189-S196 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. O. Thielheim ◽  
E. K. Schlegel ◽  
R. Beiersdorf
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Extensive Air Showers ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Energy Distributions ◽  
The Core ◽  
Fragmentation Mechanisms ◽  
Monte Carlo Studies

Three-dimensional Monte Carlo calculations have been performed on the trajectories of high-energy hadrons in extensive air showers. The central electron density and gradient of distribution are obtained for individual electromagnetic cascades together with coordinates at the level of observation. Various assumptions concerning primary mass number and energy, distributions of strong interaction parameters, and fragmentation mechanisms are discussed with respect to the production of steep maxima of electron density by single electromagnetic cascades in the core region of extensive air showers.

scholarly journals Determination of the invisible energy of extensive air showers from the data collected at Pierre Auger Observatory

2019 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 02010
Author(s):  
Analisa G. Mariazzi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Energy Scale ◽  
Extensive Air Showers ◽  
Pierre Auger Observatory ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Systematic Uncertainties ◽  
Muon Production ◽  
The Invisible

In order to get the primary energy of cosmic rays from their extensive air showers using the fluorescence detection technique, the invisible energy should be added to the measured calorimetric energy. The invisible energy is the energy carried away by particles that do not deposit all their energy in the atmosphere. It has traditionally been calculated using Monte Carlo simulations that are dependent on the assumed primary particle mass and on model predictions for neutrino and muon production. In this work the invisible energy is obtained directly from events detected by the Pierre Auger Observatory. The method applied is based on the correlation of the measurements of the muon number at the ground with the invisible energy of the showers. By using it, the systematic uncertainties related to the unknown mass composition and to the high energy hadronic interaction models are significantly reduced, improving in this way the estimation of the energy scale of the Observatory.

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