Short-range variation in a Wisconsin soilscape (USA)

One-dimensional profiles of financial indexes can be characterized by the statistical fractal dimension D, estimated through the slopes of the log-log geostatistical semivariograms, assuming that the relationships between the average variances and the time increments are described by a power law. This assumption corresponds to the concept of self-affinity. The industrial Dow Jones index is described by a D=1.332±0.11 indicating the persistence of trends along analyzed business 500 days period, while for almost the same period the German DAX Composite index (D = 1.688±0.026) is dominated by short-range variations, and the British Footsie (D=1.495±0.009) and the Australian Share Price (all ordinaries) (D=1.506±0.008) indexes have a behavior like the fractal Brownian motion (D=1.5). The Nikkei Cash index is characterized by a D=1.474±0.008 which implies that the short-range variation is almost as important as the long-term variation. Ds were evaluated by using scaling arguments, and multifractality was not evidenced.

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HeT-A, a transposable element specifically involved in "healing" broken chromosome ends in Drosophila melanogaster.

Molecular and Cellular Biology ◽

10.1128/mcb.12.9.3910 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 3910-3918 ◽

Cited By ~ 97

Author(s):

H Biessmann ◽

K Valgeirsdottir ◽

A Lofsky ◽

C Chin ◽

B Ginther ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drosophila Melanogaster ◽

Transposable Element ◽

Sequence Homology ◽

Base Composition ◽

Short Range ◽

Pericentric Heterochromatin ◽

Open Reading Frames ◽

Protein Coding ◽

Reading Frames ◽

Range Variation

Eight terminally deleted Drosophila melanogaster chromosomes have now been found to be "healed." In each case, the healed chromosome end had acquired sequence from the HeT DNA family, a complex family of repeated sequences found only in telomeric and pericentric heterochromatin. The sequences were apparently added by transposition events involving no sequence homology. We now report that the sequences transposed in healing these chromosomes identify a novel transposable element, HeT-A, which makes up a subset of the HeT DNA family. Addition of HeT-A elements to broken chromosome ends appears to be polar. The proximal junction between each element and the broken chromosome end is an oligo(A) tract beginning 54 nucleotides downstream from a conserved AATAAA sequence on the strand running 5' to 3' from the chromosome end. The distal (telomeric) ends of HeT-A elements are variably truncated; however, we have not yet been able to determine the extreme distal sequence of a complete element. Our analysis covers approximately 2,600 nucleotides of the HeT-A element, beginning with the oligo(A) tract at one end. Sequence homology is strong (greater than 75% between all elements studied). Sequence may be conserved for DNA structure rather than for protein coding; even the most recently transposed HeT-A elements lack significant open reading frames in the region studied. Instead, the elements exhibit conserved short-range sequence repeats and periodic long-range variation in base composition. These conserved features suggest that HeT-A elements, although transposable elements, may have a structural role in telomere organization or maintenance.

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Quantifying short-range variation of soil texture and total carbon of a 330-ha farm

CATENA ◽

10.1016/j.catena.2021.105200 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 201 ◽

pp. 105200

Author(s):

Yakun Zhang ◽

Alfred E. Hartemink

Keyword(s):

Soil Texture ◽

Short Range ◽

Total Carbon ◽

Range Variation

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HeT-A, a transposable element specifically involved in "healing" broken chromosome ends in Drosophila melanogaster

Molecular and Cellular Biology ◽

10.1128/mcb.12.9.3910-3918.1992 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 3910-3918

Author(s):

H Biessmann ◽

K Valgeirsdottir ◽

A Lofsky ◽

C Chin ◽

B Ginther ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drosophila Melanogaster ◽

Transposable Element ◽

Sequence Homology ◽

Base Composition ◽

Short Range ◽

Pericentric Heterochromatin ◽

Open Reading Frames ◽

Protein Coding ◽

Reading Frames ◽

Range Variation

Eight terminally deleted Drosophila melanogaster chromosomes have now been found to be "healed." In each case, the healed chromosome end had acquired sequence from the HeT DNA family, a complex family of repeated sequences found only in telomeric and pericentric heterochromatin. The sequences were apparently added by transposition events involving no sequence homology. We now report that the sequences transposed in healing these chromosomes identify a novel transposable element, HeT-A, which makes up a subset of the HeT DNA family. Addition of HeT-A elements to broken chromosome ends appears to be polar. The proximal junction between each element and the broken chromosome end is an oligo(A) tract beginning 54 nucleotides downstream from a conserved AATAAA sequence on the strand running 5' to 3' from the chromosome end. The distal (telomeric) ends of HeT-A elements are variably truncated; however, we have not yet been able to determine the extreme distal sequence of a complete element. Our analysis covers approximately 2,600 nucleotides of the HeT-A element, beginning with the oligo(A) tract at one end. Sequence homology is strong (greater than 75% between all elements studied). Sequence may be conserved for DNA structure rather than for protein coding; even the most recently transposed HeT-A elements lack significant open reading frames in the region studied. Instead, the elements exhibit conserved short-range sequence repeats and periodic long-range variation in base composition. These conserved features suggest that HeT-A elements, although transposable elements, may have a structural role in telomere organization or maintenance.

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Domain coarsening by grain boundary migration in ordered Ni4Mo

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100144279 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. 560-561

Author(s):

K. Vasudevan ◽

H. P. Kao ◽

C. R. Brooks ◽

E. E. Stansbury

Keyword(s):

Grain Boundary ◽

Grain Boundaries ◽

Short Range ◽

Boundary Migration ◽

Grain Boundary Migration ◽

Rapid Cooling ◽

Temperature Range ◽

Fee Structure ◽

Domain Coarsening ◽

Boundary Reaction

The Ni4Mo alloy has a short-range ordered fee structure (α) above 868°C, but transforms below this temperature to an ordered bet structure (β) by rearrangement of atoms on the fee lattice. The disordered α, retained by rapid cooling, can be ordered by appropriate aging below 868°C. Initially, very fine β domains in six different but crystallographically related variants form and grow in size on further aging. However, in the temperature range 600-775°C, a coarsening reaction begins at the former α grain boundaries and the alloy also coarsens by this mechanism. The purpose of this paper is to report on TEM observations showing the characteristics of this grain boundary reaction.

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Ordering in Ni4Mo by TEM and APFIM

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010012597x ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 45 ◽

pp. 214-215

Author(s):

E.A. Kenik ◽

T.A. Zagula ◽

M.K. Miller ◽

J. Bentley

Keyword(s):

Electron Irradiation ◽

Low Temperatures ◽

Short Range ◽

Atom Probe ◽

Range Order ◽

Considerable Time ◽

Probe Field ◽

Disordered Phase ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Diffraction Patterns

The state of long-range order (LRO) and short-range order (SRO) in Ni4Mo has been a topic of interest for a considerable time (see Brooks et al.). The SRO is often referred to as 1½0 order from the apparent position of the diffuse maxima in diffraction patterns, which differs from the positions of the LRO (D1a) structure. Various studies have shown that a fully disordered state cannot be retained by quenching, as the atomic arrangements responsible for the 1½0 maxima are present at temperatures above the critical ordering temperature for LRO. Over 20 studies have attempted to identify the atomic arrangements associated with this state of order. A variety of models have been proposed, but no consensus has been reached. It has also been shown that 1 MeV electron irradiation at low temperatures (∼100 K) can produce the disordered phase in Ni4Mo. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atom probe field ion microscopy (APFIM), and electron irradiation disordering have been applied in the current study to further the understanding of the ordering processes in Ni4Mo.

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