Potential depot neuroleptics in the 10-piperazino-10,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,f]thiepin series; Esters of noroxyclothepin and related amino alcohols with unsaturated, branched-chain aliphatic, alicyclic, araliphatic and dicarboxylic acids

1976 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 3437-3451 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Červená ◽  
J. O. Jílek ◽  
A. Dlabač ◽  
M. Protiva
Keyword(s):  
Dicarboxylic Acids ◽  
Amino Alcohols ◽  
Depot Neuroleptics ◽  
Branched Chain

scholarly journals III. Peroxisomal β-oxidation, PPARα, and steatohepatitis

2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (6) ◽  
pp. G1333-G1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janardan K. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dicarboxylic Acids ◽  
Fatty Acyl ◽  
Branched Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Oxidation Chain ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Cytochrome P 450 ◽  
Oxidation System ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Peroxisomes are involved in the β-oxidation chain shortening of long-chain and very-long-chain fatty acyl-CoAs, long-chain dicarboxylyl-CoAs, the CoA esters of eicosanoids, 2-methyl-branched fatty acyl-CoAs, and the CoA esters of the bile acid intermediates, and in the process, they generate H2O2. There are two complete sets of β-oxidation enzymes present in peroxisomes, with each set consisting of three distinct enzymes. The classic PPARα-regulated and inducible set participates in the β-oxidation of straight-chain fatty acids, whereas the second noninducible set acts on branched-chain fatty acids. Long-chain and very-long-chain fatty acids are also metabolized by the cytochrome P-450 CYP4A ω-oxidation system to dicarboxylic acids that serve as substrates for peroxisomal β-oxidation. Evidence derived from mouse models of PPARα and peroxisomal β-oxidation deficiency highlights the critical importance of the defects in PPARα-inducible β-oxidation in energy metabolism and in the development of steatohepatitis.

An E.S.R. study of the oxidation of some malonic and other acids by hydroxyl radicals

1981 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 335 ◽  
Author(s):  
FR Hewgill ◽  
GM Proudfoot
Keyword(s):  
Hydroxyl Radicals ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Dicarboxylic Acids ◽  
Aliphatic Acids ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Branched Chain

A series of terminal dicarboxylic acids, malonic acids and branched-chain aliphatic acids on oxidation with TiC13/H2O2 in a flow system give rise to e.s.r. spectra arising from mixtures of radicals. In most cases the dominant radical is that formed by abstraction of hydrogen from the β-carbon. Malonic acids complex with titanium(III) ions sufficiently strongly to be examined at elevated pH values without the need for added ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.

scholarly journals Identification of Methyl-branched Chain Dicarboxylic Acids in Amniotic Fluid and Urine in Propionic and Methylmalonic Acidemia

1984 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 1185-1191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelis Jakobs ◽  
Lambertus Dorland ◽  
Lawrence Sweetman ◽  
Marinus Duran ◽  
William L Nyhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Dicarboxylic Acids ◽  
Methylmalonic Acidemia ◽  
Branched Chain

scholarly journals ABCD subfamily of peroxisomal ABC transporters (version 2019.4) in the IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology Database

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Abc Transporters ◽  
Dicarboxylic Acids ◽  
Peroxisomal Membrane ◽  
Impermeable Barrier ◽  
Branched Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Higher Eukaryotes ◽  
Branched Chain

Peroxisomes are indispensable organelles in higher eukaryotes. They are essential for the oxidation of a wide variety of metabolites, which include: saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, branched-chain fatty acids, bile acids and dicarboxylic acids [3]. However, the peroxisomal membrane forms an impermeable barrier to these metabolites. The mammalian peroxisomal membrane harbours three ATP-binding cassette (ABC) half-transporters, which act as homo- and/or heterodimers to transport these metabolites across the peroxisomal membrane.

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