Mortality and morbidity caused by measles in children with malignant disease attending four major treatment centres: a retrospective review.

AbstractIntroductionSignificant atrioventricular valve regurgitation at diagnosis in single-ventricle patients has been associated with mortality and morbidity. However, longitudinal data on the effect of valve regurgitation at diagnosis on outcomes in the era of surgical valve interventions are scarce.Materials and methodsThis is a retrospective review of single-ventricle patients admitted to a regional centre from 2005 to 2008. Data were reviewed from birth to 18 months, and association of atrioventricular valve regurgitation at diagnosis with mortality and morbidity was evaluated.ResultsA total of 118 patients were studied, 73% with a single right ventricle. At diagnosis, 37 patients (31%) had mild, 5 (4%) had mild to moderate, and 4 (3%) had ≥ moderate atrioventricular valve regurgitation. Moderate or greater valve regurgitation was associated with mortality (HR 5.51, 95% CI 1.24–24.61, p = 0.025), and all four patients with ≥ moderate valve regurgitation died. However, valve regurgitation was not associated with mortality for left ventricle patients. In all, 12 patients (10%) had surgical atrioventricular valve interventions. There were no independent predictors of valve intervention, and no patient having an intervention had > mild valve regurgitation at diagnosis. There was no association between valve regurgitation and days of hospitalisation or chest tube drainage.ConclusionSignificant atrioventricular valve regurgitation at diagnosis remains a risk factor for mortality in single-ventricle patients, although it may be less important for single left ventricle patients. However, it is not associated with increased morbidity or surgical atrioventricular valve intervention in survivors. Reliably predicting surgical atrioventricular valve intervention remains a challenge in single-ventricle patients.

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Incidence of Malignant Diseases in Punjab: A Retrospective Study in a Tertiary Level Government Hospital in Punjab

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2021/46550.14594 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Deeksha Singla ◽

Anand Singla ◽

Manpreet Kaur ◽

Darshanjit Singh Walia

Keyword(s):

Malignant Disease ◽

Tertiary Level ◽

Malignant Diseases ◽

Government Hospital ◽

Early Screening ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Carcinoma Larynx ◽

Mortality Incidence ◽

Grave Problem ◽

Level Government

Introduction: Cancer is a grave problem with increase in incidence of various malignancies at an alarming rate in Punjab. Crude annual incidence rate of all cancers in Punjab has increased from 58.0 in 1990 to 85.5 in 2016 while crude mortality incidence ratio of all cancers in Punjab is 0.61 in females and 0.81 in males. Not only it is increasing mortality and morbidity, but it is also increasing the economic burden on a state already facing financial crisis. The exact burden of malignancies is not well known, although many local surveys have been done. Aim: To know the accurate burden of malignant diseases in patients presenting to a tertiary level government hospital in Punjab. Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational study in which data of all cases diagnosed to have malignant disease on histopathology at Government Medical College and Rajindra Hospital, Patiala, Punjab, from January, 2006 to December, 2015. The data was retrieved on yearly basis and total of each malignant disease was done to know the exact incidence of various malignancies over the decade by the measure of relative frequency. Results: A total of 4270 patients (41.65% in age group 41 to 70 years) were diagnosed to have malignant disease on histopathology out of which 2341 (54.82%) were females and 1929 (45.18%) were males. Leading causes of malignancy were the cancers of the f emale genital organs i.e., 20.05%, followed by breast cancer i.e., 1 8.17% and cancers of lip, oral cavity and pharynx i.e., 15.36%. Conclusions: Maximum incidence was seen in Carcinoma Breast followed by carcinoma cervix and carcinoma larynx. Early screening, timely diagnosis and management along with regular scrutiny of records should be done in routine to know the actual burden of cancer in the society.

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Mortality and morbidity patterns in under-five children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in Zambia: a five-year retrospective review of hospital-based records (2009–2013)

Archives of Public Health ◽

10.1186/s13690-015-0072-1 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 73 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Tendai Munthali ◽

Choolwe Jacobs ◽

Lungowe Sitali ◽

Rosalia Dambe ◽

Charles Michelo

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Review ◽

Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽

Acute Malnutrition ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Under Five ◽

Under Five Children

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Mortality and morbidity trends and predictors of mortality in under-five children with severe acute malnutrition in Hadiya zone, South Ethiopia: a four-year retrospective review of hospital-based records (2012–2015)

BMC Nutrition ◽

10.1186/s40795-017-0135-5 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Tadele Yohannes ◽

Tariku Laelago ◽

Menen Ayele ◽

Temesgen Tamrat

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Review ◽

Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽

Acute Malnutrition ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Under Five ◽

Predictors Of Mortality ◽

South Ethiopia ◽

Under Five Children ◽

Morbidity Trends ◽

Hadiya Zone

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Preclinical validation of a repurposed metal chelator as an early-intervention therapeutic for hemotoxic snakebite

Science Translational Medicine ◽

10.1126/scitranslmed.aay8314 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (542) ◽

pp. eaay8314 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Laura-Oana Albulescu ◽

Melissa S. Hale ◽

Stuart Ainsworth ◽

Jaffer Alsolaiss ◽

Edouard Crittenden ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metal Ion ◽

Specific Treatment ◽

Clinical Settings ◽

Treatment Delays ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Metal Chelator ◽

Major Treatment ◽

Viper Venoms

Snakebite envenoming causes 138,000 deaths annually, and ~400,000 victims are left with permanent disabilities. Envenoming by saw-scaled vipers (Viperidae: Echis) leads to systemic hemorrhage and coagulopathy and represents a major cause of snakebite mortality and morbidity in Africa and Asia. The only specific treatment for snakebite, antivenom, has poor specificity and low affordability and must be administered in clinical settings because of its intravenous delivery and high rates of adverse reactions. This requirement results in major treatment delays in resource-poor regions and substantially affects patient outcomes after envenoming. Here, we investigated the value of metal ion chelators as prehospital therapeutics for snakebite. Among the tested chelators, dimercaprol (British anti-Lewisite) and its derivative 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid (DMPS) were found to potently antagonize the activity of Zn2+-dependent snake venom metalloproteinases in vitro. Moreover, DMPS prolonged or conferred complete survival in murine preclinical models of envenoming against a variety of saw-scaled viper venoms. DMPS also considerably extended survival in a “challenge and treat” model, where drug administration was delayed after venom injection and the oral administration of this chelator provided partial protection against envenoming. Last, the potential clinical scenario of early oral DMPS therapy combined with a delayed, intravenous dose of conventional antivenom provided prolonged protection against the lethal effects of envenoming in vivo. Our findings demonstrate that the safe and affordable repurposed metal chelator DMPS can effectively neutralize saw-scaled viper venoms in vitro and in vivo and highlight the promise of this drug as an early, prehospital, therapeutic intervention for hemotoxic snakebite envenoming.

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Unilateral Opacification of Paranasal Sinus CT Scans

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1016/j.otohns.2005.02.010 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 133 (2) ◽

pp. 178-180 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

F. Ahsan ◽

H. El-Hakim ◽

K. W. Ah-See

Keyword(s):

Paranasal Sinus ◽

Inflammatory Disease ◽

Retrospective Review ◽

Malignant Disease ◽

Ct Scanning ◽

Ct Scans ◽

Mass Lesion ◽

Nasal Discharge ◽

Neoplastic Disease ◽

Bony Erosion

Objectives The aim of study was to describe the histopathology in patients with unilateral sinus opacification and to identify variables that may predict neoplastic pathology. Study Design A retrospective review of paranasal sinus CT scans performed between 2000 and 2003 was conducted to identify patients with unilateral sinus opacification. Results Twenty-eight of 1118 CT scans showed unilateral sinus opacification. Twelve patients had neoplastic disease, 13 had inflammatory disease. Nasal discharge was more common in inflammatory than neoplastic disease (P = 0.009). A polyp or mass lesion was more common on nasendoscopy in neoplastic than inflammatory disease (P = 0.01). Bony erosion was only identified in malignant disease. Conclusion A wide variety of pathologies present with unilateral sinus opacification on CT scanning. In our series, neoplastic disease was more associated with a visible polyp or mass lesion and less with nasal discharge. Bony erosion on CT scan was only seen in malignant disease. Histologic confirmation remains obligatory for diagnosis.

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