malignant diseases
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2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-74
Author(s):  
Yang-Che Kuo ◽  
Lo-Yip Yu ◽  
Horng-Yuan Wang ◽  
Ming-Jen Chen ◽  
Ming-Shiang Wu ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Marco Giammanco ◽  
Fulvio Plescia ◽  
Manfredi M. Giammanco ◽  
Gaetano Leto ◽  
Carla Gentile

Citrus fruits are the main fruits of the Mediterranean diet and have been long recognized for their beneficial effects on human health. Observational studies have shown a significant association between dietary flavo-noid intake and reduced risk of cardiovascular and malignant diseases. The beneficial effects of citrus fruits on human health appear to be due to their high content in vitamins, minerals and fibers. In particular, the an-tioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities have been indicated as some of the mechanisms through which citrus fruits may thwarts the development of chronic degenerative diseases such as atherosclerosis and can-cer. This review would critically examine the results from numerous studies carried out in order assess the contribute of citrus flavonoids to the prevention of chronic pathological conditions including athero-sclerosis and cancer.


Author(s):  
Valentin Gabelmann ◽  
Felix Grabs ◽  
Simon Diestelmeier ◽  
Felix Heindl ◽  
Markus Vosseler ◽  
...  

Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) is a rare finding, which is mostly associated with malignant diseases leading to hypercoagulability. We report the case of a severe quadruple valve non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis in a patient with clear cell cervical cancer.


2022 ◽  
pp. 691-706.e5
Author(s):  
Pamela T. Soliman ◽  
Karen H. Lu
Keyword(s):  

2022 ◽  
pp. 707-753.e7
Author(s):  
Robert L. Coleman ◽  
Shannon N. Westin ◽  
Pedro T. Ramirez ◽  
Gloria Salvo ◽  
David M. Gershenson

2022 ◽  
pp. 674-690.e3
Author(s):  
Anuja Jhingran ◽  
Larissa A. Meyer
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonger Xue ◽  
Rafia Baig ◽  
Yizhou Dong

Abstract Stem cells have been utilized as ''living drugs'' in clinics for decades. Their self-renewal, differentiation, and immunomodulating properties provide potential solutions for a variety of malignant diseases and disorders. However, the pathological environment may diminish the therapeutic functions and survival of the transplanted stem cells, causing failure in clinical translation. To overcome these challenges, researchers have developed biomaterial-based strategies that facilitate in vivo tracking, functional engineering, and protective delivery of stem cells, paving the way for next-generation stem cell therapies. In this perspective, we briefly overview different types of stem cells and the major clinical challenges and summarize recent progress of biomaterials applied to boost stem cell therapies.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Webster ◽  
Robert Clarke

Somatic mutations can cause cancer and have recently been linked with a range of non-malignant diseases. Multistage models can characterise how mutations lead to cancer, and may also be applicable to these other diseases. Here we found the incidence of over 60% of common diseases in UK Biobank were consistent with a multistage model with an ordered sequence of stages, as approximated by a Weibull distribution, with the log of incidence linearly related to the log of age and the slope often interpreted as the number of stages. A model where the stages can occur in any order was also explored, as was stratification by smoking and diabetes status. Most importantly, we find that many diseases are low risk when young but then become inevitable in old age, but many other diseases do not, being more sporadic with a modest and modifiable risk that slowly increases with age.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidetoshi Takada

Primary immunodeficiency (PID) is primarily characterized by susceptibility to infectious diseases. In addition, patients with some type of PID are prone to develop autoimmune, autoinflammatory, or malignant diseases. Therefore, the term, inborn errors of immunity (IEI), has been more used rather than PID. In recent years, the number of diseases which belong to PID has been increasing. There were approximately 110 diseases in the report of International Union of Immunological Societies in 1999. Since then, the number increased to 430 diseases in the latest IUIS report in 2019. We conducted PID nationwide survey in Japan for 3 times in the last 15 years. These studies were focused on incidence and complications of PID, the clinical course of viral infection, and methods to prevent infectious diseases in PID patients. For the awareness of PID, it is essential to know the general and fundamental information of PID patients. Needless to say, we need it to offer appropriate medical services for PID patients. Moreover, chances to provide answers to the questionnaires and seeing the results of the analysis should contribute to the awareness of PID among doctors. In this review, I am going to summarize the results of 3 nationwide survey in Japan, and pick up interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) deficiency as an example for creating awareness for its appropriate management.


Author(s):  
Kai Berner ◽  
Marc Hirschfeld ◽  
Daniela Weiß ◽  
Gerta Rücker ◽  
Jasmin Asberger ◽  
...  

Abstract Purpose Ovarian cancer is the seventh most frequent form of malignant diseases in women worldwide and over 150,000 women die from it every year. More than 70 percent of all ovarian cancer patients are diagnosed at a late-stage disease with poor prognosis necessitating the development of sufficient screening biomarkers. MicroRNAs displayed promising potential as early diagnostics in various malignant diseases including ovarian cancer. The presented study aimed at identifying single microRNAs and microRNA combinations detecting ovarian cancer in vitro and in vivo. Methods Intracellular, extracellular and urinary microRNA expression levels of twelve microRNAs (let-7a, let-7d, miR-10a, miR-15a, miR-15b, miR-19b, miR-20a, miR-21, miR-100, miR-125b, miR-155, miR-222) were quantified performing quantitative real-time-PCR. Therefore, the three ovarian cancer cell lines SK-OV-3, OAW-42, EFO-27 as well as urine samples of ovarian cancer patients and healthy controls were analyzed. Results MiR-15a, miR-20a and miR-222 showed expression level alterations extracellularly, whereas miR-125b did intracellularly across the analyzed cell lines. MicroRNA expression alterations in single cell lines suggest subtype specificity in both compartments. Hypoxia and acidosis showed scarce effects on single miRNA expression levels only. Furthermore, we were able to demonstrate the feasibility to clearly detect the 12 miRNAs in urine samples. In urine, miR-15a was upregulated whereas let-7a was down-regulated in ovarian cancer patients. Conclusion Intracellular, extracellular and urinary microRNA expression alterations emphasize their great potential as biomarkers in liquid biopsies. Especially, miR-15a and let-7a qualify for possible circulating biomarkers in liquid biopsies of ovarian cancer patients.


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