scholarly journals Correction: Use of verbal autopsy and social autopsy in humanitarian crises

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. e000640corr1
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Autopsy ◽  
Social Autopsy ◽  
Humanitarian Crises

scholarly journals Use of verbal autopsy and social autopsy in humanitarian crises

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. e000640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa-Marie Thomas ◽  
Lucia D’Ambruoso ◽  
Dina Balabanova
Keyword(s):  
Community Involvement ◽  
Verbal Autopsy ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Social Autopsy ◽  
Humanitarian Crises

IntroductionTwo billion people live in countries affected by conflict, violence and fragility. These are exceptional situations in which mortality shifts dramatically and in which civil registration and vital statistics systems are often weakened or cease to function. Verbal autopsy and social autopsy (VA and SA) are methods used to assign causes of death and understand the contexts in which these occur, in settings where information is otherwise unavailable. This review sought to explore the use of VA and SA in humanitarian crises, with a focus on how these approaches are used to inform policy and programme responses.MethodsA rapid scoping review was conducted on the use of VA and SA in humanitarian crises in low and middle-income countries since 1991. Drawing on a maximum variation approach, two settings of application (‘application contexts’) were selected and investigated via nine semi-structured expert interviews.ResultsVA can determine causes of death in crisis-affected populations where no other registration system is in place. Combined with SA and active community involvement, these methods can deliver a holistic view of obstacles to seeking and receiving essential healthcare, yielding context-specific information to inform appropriate responses. The contexts in which VA and SA are used require adaptations to standard tools, and new mobile developments in VA raise specific ethical considerations. Furthermore, collecting and sythesising data in a timely, continuous manner, and ensuring coordination and communication between agencies, is important to realise the potential of these approaches.ConclusionVA and SA are valuable research methods to foster evidence-informed responses for populations affected by humanitarian crises. When coordinated and communicated effectively, data generated through these methods can help to identify levels, causes and circumstances of deaths among vulnerable groups, and can enable planning and allocating resources effectively, potentially improving health system resilience to future crises.

scholarly journals In-depth Validation of CHERG’S Verbal Autopsy-Social Autopsy (VASA) Tool for Ascertaining Determinants and Causes of Under-Five Child Mortalities in Karachi, Pakistan.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Bilal Siddiqui ◽  
Chiu Wan Ng ◽  
Wah Yun Low ◽  
Hassan Ahmed ◽  
Khadijah Abid
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Verbal Autopsy ◽  
Child Death ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Social Autopsy ◽  
Social Causes ◽  
Mortality Estimates

Abstract Background: Globally, child mortality estimates are more clustered among the developing countries where quality data on estimates and determinants of child mortality are compromised. To achieve sustainability in reducing child mortality estimates, the integrated Verbal Autopsy and Social Autopsy (VASA) tool help in estimating prevalence and assigning medical and social causes and determinants of child survival, especially in the developing countries. A validation study of the Child Health Epidemiology Reference Group’s (CHERG) Verbal autopsy/Social Autopsy (VASA) tool has been undertaken for employing in a Karachi VASA Integrated Child Mortality Investigation-ICMI study in its urban slums. Methods: Validity and reliability of the CHERG VASA-tool were tested using face, content, discriminant validation and reliability tests on one hundred randomly selected mothers, with a recent child death event. Data were computed on SPSS (version-21) and R. Results: Testing yielded high I-CVI (>81.43%); high Cronbach's Alpha (0.843); accuracy of between 75% and 100% of the discriminants classifying births to live and stillbirths. The tool showed ICVI (>82.07% and 88.98% respectively) with high accuracy (92% and 97% respectively) for assigning biological and social causes of child deaths respectively. Conclusion: The CHERG VASA questionnaire is valid, reliable, and relevant to the conceptual framework. This valid tool is one of the assets for child health policy as it can assign accurate medical and non-medical causes (pertaining to health-seeking practices) of child mortality cases occurring in Pakistan.

scholarly journals Causes of under-five mortality using verbal autopsy and social autopsy studies (VASA) in Alexandria, Egypt, 2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramy Mohamed Ghazy ◽  
Mohga M Fekry ◽  
Abdel-Rahman Omran ◽  
Mohamed Mostafa Tahoun
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Autopsy ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Social Autopsy

Singh’s verbal autopsy questionnaire for the assessment of causes of death, social autopsy, tobacco autopsy and dietary autopsy, based on medical records and interview

2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram B. Singh ◽  
Jan Fedacko ◽  
Viola Vargova ◽  
Adarsh Kumar ◽  
Varun Mohan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Autopsy ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Social Autopsy

scholarly journals Causes of and contributors to infant mortality in a rural community of North India: evidence from verbal and social autopsy

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. e012856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay Kumar Rai ◽  
Shashi Kant ◽  
Rahul Srivastava ◽  
Priti Gupta ◽  
Puneet Misra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Health Facility ◽  
Verbal Autopsy ◽  
Neonatal Death ◽  
North India ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Danger Signs ◽  
Social Autopsy ◽  
Level 1

ObjectiveTo identify the medical causes of death and contribution of non-biological factors towards infant mortality by a retrospective analysis of routinely collected data using verbal and social autopsy tools.SettingThe study site was Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS), Ballabgarh, North IndiaParticipantsAll infant deaths during the years 2008–2012 were included for verbal autopsy and infant deaths from July 2012 to December 2012 were included for social autopsy.Outcome measuresCause of death ascertained by a validated verbal autopsy tool and level of delay based on a three-delay model using the INDEPTH social autopsy tool were the main outcome measures. The level of delay was defined as follows: level 1, delay in identification of danger signs and decision making to seek care; level 2, delay in reaching a health facility from home; level 3, delay in getting healthcare at the health facility.ResultsThe infant mortality rate during the study period was 46.5/1000 live births. Neonatal deaths contributed to 54.3% of infant deaths and 39% occurred on the first day of life. Birth asphyxia (31.5%) followed by low birth weight (LBW)/prematurity (26.5%) were the most common causes of neonatal death, while infection (57.8%) was the most common cause of post-neonatal death. Care-seeking was delayed among 50% of neonatal deaths and 41.2% of post-neonatal deaths. Delay at level 1 was most common and occurred in 32.4% of neonatal deaths and 29.4% of post-neonatal deaths. Deaths due to LBW/prematurity were mostly followed by delay at level 1.ConclusionA high proportion of preventable infant mortality still exists in an area which is under continuous health and demographic surveillance. There is a need to enhance home-based preventive care to enable the mother to identify and respond to danger signs. Verbal autopsy and social autopsy could be routinely done to guide policy interventions aimed at reduction of infant mortality.

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