scholarly journals Prevalence and incidence of HIV among female sex workers and their clients: modelling the potential effects of intervention in Rwanda

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. e002300
Author(s):  
Sabin Nsanzimana ◽  
Edward J Mills ◽  
Ofir Harari ◽  
Placidie Mugwaneza ◽  
Etienne Karita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Incidence ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Hiv Epidemic

BackgroundRwanda has identified several targeted HIV prevention strategies, such as promotion of condom use and provision of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for female sex workers (FSWs). Given this country’s limited resources, understanding how the HIV epidemic will be affected by these strategies is crucial.MethodsWe developed a Markov model to estimate the effects of targeted strategies to FSWs on the HIV prevalence/incidence in Rwanda from 2017 to 2027. Our model consists of the six states: HIV-; HIV+ undiagnosed/diagnosed pre-ART; HIV+ diagnosed with/without ART; and death. We considered three populations: FSWs, sex clients and the general population. For the period 2017–2027, the HIV epidemic among each of these population was estimated using Rwanda’s demographic, sexual risk behaviour and HIV-associated morbidity and mortality data.ResultsBetween 2017 and 2027, with no changes in the current condom and ART use, the overall number of people living with HIV is expected to increase from 344,971 to 402,451. HIV incidence will also decrease from 1.36 to 1.20 100 person-years. By 2027, a 30% improvement in consistent condom use among FSWs will result in absolute reduction of HIV prevalence among FSWs, sex clients and the general population by 7.86%, 5.97% and 0.17%, respectively. While recurring HIV testing and improving the ART coverage mildly reduced the prevalence/incidence among FSWs and sex clients, worsening the two (shown by our worst-case scenario) will result in an increase in the HIV prevalence/incidence among FSWs and sex clients. Introduction of PrEP to FSWs in 2019 will reduce the HIV incidence among FSWs by 1.28%.ConclusionsContinued efforts toward improving condom and ART use will be critical for Rwanda to continue their HIV epidemic control. Implementing a targeted intervention strategy in PrEP for FSWs will reduce the HIV epidemic in this high-risk population.

scholarly journals HIV prevalence, AIDS knowledge, and condom use among female sex workers in Santiago, Chile

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1777-1784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime E. Barrientos ◽  
Michel Bozon ◽  
Edith Ortiz ◽  
Anabella Arredondo
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
Hiv Seroprevalence ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Aids Knowledge

This paper describes HIV seroprevalence, knowledge of HIV transmission, and condom use among female sex workers (FSW) attending five specialized sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics in Santiago, Chile. A short questionnaire with socio-demographic, AIDS knowledge, and condom-use variables was administered to 626 FSW. HIV seroprevalence was estimated with a blood test sent to the Chilean Public Health Institute. ELISA was used to confirm HIV in suspected cases. HIV prevalence was 0%. FSW showed adequate overall knowledge of HIV, even better than reported for the Chilean general population on some items. Condom use with clients was high ("always" = 93.4%), although regular use with steady partners was low ("always" = 9.9%). The zero HIV seroprevalence and consistent condom use with clients confirms the positive impact of intervention strategies for FSW, increasing both correct knowledge of AIDS and condom use with clients and helping decrease these women's HIV/AIDS vulnerability.

scholarly journals Factors associated with Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection among female sex workers in Nagaland, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1199
Author(s):  
Gajendra K. Medhi ◽  
Jagadish Mahanta ◽  
Sanjib K. Phukan ◽  
Ramesh S. Paranjape ◽  
Michelle Kermode ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
Sex Trade ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Female Sex

Background: There is limited knowledge on the prevalence and correlates of sexually transmitted infections (STI) among women practicing sex work in the high HIV prevalence settings of northeast India, especially in Nagaland. We assessed the prevalence and risk factors of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) among female sex workers (FSW) in Dimapur, Nagaland.Methods: 417 FSWs were recruited into this cross–sectional study using Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS) in 2009. Information on socio-demographic characteristics, sexual risk behaviours and exposure to prevention interventions were collected from them and urine samples were tested for NG and CT. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the factors associated with NG and CT.Results: The RDS-adjusted prevalence of HIV, NG and CT was 11.4%, 6.6% and 19.5% respectively. The reported condom use with clients and regular sex partners were only 29.1% and 9.6% respectively. Being in the sex trade within the last 2 years was independently associated with greater risk for NG and CT. Having more than 5 clients was independently associated with greater likelihood for CT and seropositivity for HIV was independently associated with NG.Conclusions: High prevalence of NG/CT was documented among FSWs with relatively new entrants into sex trade having the highest risk. The combination of high STI prevalence and low consistent condom use is likely to contribute to an escalating HIV epidemic in this already high HIV prevalence setting. There is need to strengthen public health measures for screening and management of NG and CT among FSWs.

Cross-sectional survey of Chinese-speaking and Thai-speaking female sex workers in Sydney, Australia: factors associated with consistent condom use

Sexual Health ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalind Foster ◽  
Lynne McCormack ◽  
Caroline Thng ◽  
Handan Wand ◽  
Anna McNulty
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
Consistent Condom Use ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infections ◽  
Vaginal Sex ◽  
Sydney Australia ◽  
Sex Practices

Background Previous studies have described inconsistent condom use in Chinese- and Thai-speaking female sex workers in Sydney, Australia. In the present study, we describe the demographics and safe sexual practices in the Chinese- and Thai-speaking female sex workers attending the Sydney Sexual Health Centre (SSHC) in 2014–15. Methods: A self-completed 60-item anonymous questionnaire, adapted from previous surveys conducted in 1993 and 2003, was translated into Chinese and Thai and administered to female sex workers attending the SSHC or seen on outreach. Results: In all, 488 surveys were distributed, of which 435 were returned; 43% in Chinese and 57% in Thai. Most women did not plan on sex work before their arrival in Australia. Compared with Chinese-speaking women, Thai-speaking women rated themselves higher on English language literacy, had better knowledge of the transmission of HIV and sexually transmissible infections (STIs) and were more likely to practice 100% condom use. Overall, 72% of the sex workers surveyed reported consistent condom use for vaginal sex at work. Conclusions: Consistent condom use for vaginal sex at work among Chinese- and Thai-speaking female sex workers has decreased slightly from that reported in a similar survey conducted by the SSHC in 2003, when 85% of sex workers reported consistent condom use. There are significant differences between Chinese- and Thai-speaking sex workers in terms of both knowledge and safer sex practices. Ongoing health promotion efforts should focus on providing culturally appropriate education around STIs and safe sex practices not only to workers, but also to parlour owners, managers and consumers.

scholarly journals Characterizing the Influence of Structural Determinants of HIV Risk on Consistent Condom Use Among Female Sex Workers in Senegal

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Olivier Twahirwa Rwema ◽  
Carrie E. Lyons ◽  
Sosthenes Ketende ◽  
Anna L. Bowring ◽  
Amrita Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
Structural Determinants ◽  
Consistent Condom Use ◽  
Female Sex

scholarly journals Condom Access: Associations with Consistent Condom Use among Female Sex Workers in Two Northern Border Cities of Mexico

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 455-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fátima A. Muñoz ◽  
Robin A. Pollini ◽  
María Luisa Zúñiga ◽  
Steffanie A. Strathdee ◽  
Remedios Lozada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
Consistent Condom Use ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Northern Border ◽  
Condom Access

scholarly journals Prevalence and Predictors of Self-Reported Consistent Condom Usage among Male Clients of Female Sex Workers in Tamil Nadu, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Saumya Rastogi ◽  
Bimal Charles ◽  
Asirvatham Edwin Sam
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
The Past ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Male Clients ◽  
Hiv Aids

Clients of female sex workers (FSWs) possess a high potential of transmitting HIV and other sexually transmitted infections from high risk FSWs to the general population. Promotion of safer sex practices among the clients is essential to limit the spread of HIV/AIDS epidemic. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of consistent condom use (CCU) among clients of FSWs and to assess the factors associated with CCU in Tamil Nadu. 146 male respondents were recruited from the hotspots who reportedly had sex with FSWs in exchange for cash at least once in the past one month. Data were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate methods. Overall, 48.6 and 0.8 percent clients consistently used condoms in the past 12 months with FSWs and regular partners, respectively. Logistic regression showed that factors such as education, peers’ use of condoms, and alcohol consumption significantly influenced clients’ CCU with FSWs. Strategies for safe sex-behaviour are needed among clients of FSWs in order to limit the spread of HIV/AIDS epidemic in the general population. The role of peer-educators in experience sharing and awareness generation must also be emphasized.

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