Recent multiple sexual partners and HIV transmission risks among people living with HIV/AIDS in Botswana

Abstract Background: Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) and Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) are key to preventing sexual transmission of HIV, whose sexual partners are at high risk of acquiring HIV. We aimed to determine the factors associated with PrEP and PEP's knowledge as secondary prevention among people living with HIV/AIDS.Method: Cross-sectional analytical study carried out among people living with HIV/AIDS treated at five specialized services in the city of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. Data were collected from July 2016 to July 2017. Individual interviews were conducted. We used multivariable logistic regression to determine factors associated with knowing PrEP and PEP. Results: Of the 397 participants, 140 (35.26%) were heterosexual women aged 40 to 49 years (36.2%).Participants with less than 11 years of study (adjusted odds: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.13-0.60); who did not have a low viral load or did not know their viral load (adjusted odds: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.09-0.83) and those with casual partners (adjusted odds: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.09- 0.83) were less likely to know about the PrEP. MSM (adjusted odds: 2.88; 95% CI: 1.59-5.3) and those who used alcohol during sexual intercourse (adjusted odds: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.0-2.8) were more likely to know about the PEP.Conclusions: The knowledge about PEP and PrEP is low in Brazil. This may undermine secondary prevention efforts. Educational interventions to raise awareness of these prevention methods are needed among people living with HIV and who have HIV-negative sexual partners.

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The health literacy needs of women living with HIV/AIDS

Health SA Gesondheid ◽

10.4102/hsag.v20i1.916 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Judy Thompson ◽

Yolanda Havenga ◽

Susan Naude

Keyword(s):

Health Literacy ◽

Hiv Transmission ◽

Qualitative Content Analysis ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Women Living With Hiv ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

The Impact ◽

Hiv Aids

Women in Sub-Saharan Africa are disproportionately affected by the virus and constitute 60% of the total HIV/AIDS infections in this region. Current recommendations endorse the involvement of people living with HIV in the development of programmes for people living with the virus. The purpose of the study was to explore and describe the health literacy needs of women living with HIV. The research design was qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual. After women living with HIV/AIDS were sampled purposively, semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight women and qualitative content analysis done. The findings revealed that the women expressed a need to increase their knowledge about HIV/AIDS. The knowledge they needed ranged from basic pathophysiology about HIV/AIDS, to the impact of HIV/AIDS on their health, to an awareness of the modes of HIV transmission and methods of protecting others from being infected. Other important health literacy needs related to self-care and correct antiretroviral use. A need for psychosocial skills was also identified in order for women to build and maintain their relationships. Recommendations were made for nursing practice, education and further research, based on these findings.

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Positive prevention: reducing HIV transmission among people living with HIV/AIDS

Choice Reviews Online ◽

10.5860/choice.43-0354 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 43 (01) ◽

pp. 43-0354-43-0354

Keyword(s):

Hiv Transmission ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Positive Prevention ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

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Perceptions towards preventive behaviours against HIV transmission among people living with HIV/AIDS in Kathmandu, Nepal

Public Health ◽

10.1016/j.puhe.2007.03.006 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 121 (12) ◽

pp. 958-961 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

K.C. Poudel ◽

S. Nakahara ◽

K. Poudel-Tandukar ◽

M. Jimba

Keyword(s):

Hiv Transmission ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

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HIV Knowledge and Stigmatizing Attitude towards People Living with HIV/AIDS among Medical Students in Jordan

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph19020745 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 745

Author(s):

Malik Sallam ◽

Ali M. Alabbadi ◽

Sarah Abdel-Razeq ◽

Kareem Battah ◽

Leen Malkawi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Patient Care ◽

Positive Attitude ◽

Hiv Transmission ◽

Negative Attitude ◽

Medical Schools ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Aids Knowledge ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

The stigmatizing attitude towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) can be a major barrier to effective patient care. As future physicians, medical students represent a core group that should be targeted with focused knowledge and adequate training to provide patient care without prejudice. The aim of the current study was to examine HIV/AIDS knowledge, and the stigmatizing attitude towards PLWHA, among medical students in Jordan. The current study was based on a self-administered online questionnaire, which was distributed during March–May 2021, involving students at the six medical schools in Jordan, with items assessing demographics, HIV/AIDS knowledge, and HIV/AIDS stigmatizing attitude, which was evaluated using the validated HIV-stigma scale. The total number of respondents was 1362, with predominance of females (n = 780, 57.3%). Lack of HIV/AIDS knowledge among the study participants was notable for the following items: HIV transmission through breastfeeding (40.8% correct responses), HIV is not transmitted through saliva (42.6% correct responses), and vertical transmission of HIV can be prevented (48.8% correct responses). Approximately two-thirds of the respondents displayed a positive attitude towards PLWHA. For six out of the 14 HIV/AIDS knowledge items, lack of knowledge was significantly correlated with a more negative attitude towards PLWHA. Multinomial regression analysis showed that a significantly more negative attitude towards PLWHA was found among the pre-clinical students compared to the clinical students (odds ratio (OR): 0.65, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.43–0.97, p = 0.036); and that affiliation to medical schools that were founded before 2000 was associated with a more positive attitude towards PLWHA compared to affiliation to recently founded medical schools in the country (OR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.42–2.42, p < 0.001). About one-third of medical students who participated in the study displayed a negative attitude towards PLWHA. Defects in HIV/AIDS knowledge were detected for aspects involving HIV transmission and prevention, and such defects were correlated with a more negative attitude towards PLWHA. It is recommended to revise the current medical training curricula, and to tailor improvements in the overall HIV/AIDS knowledge, which can be reflected in a more positive attitude towards PLWHA, particularly for the recently established medical schools in the country.

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Knowledge of PEP and PrEP among people living with HIV/aids in Brazil

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-020-10135-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Laelson Rochelle Milanês Sousa ◽

Henrique Ciabotti Elias ◽

Nilo Martinez Fernandes ◽

Elucir Gir ◽

Renata Karina Reis

Keyword(s):

Viral Load ◽

Secondary Prevention ◽

Educational Interventions ◽

Sexual Partners ◽

Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Exposure Prophylaxis ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

Abstract Background Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) and Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) are key to preventing sexual transmission of HIV, whose sexual partners are at high risk of acquiring HIV. We aimed to determine the factors associated with PrEP and PEP’s knowledge as secondary prevention among people living with HIV/AIDS. Method Cross-sectional analytical study carried out among people living with HIV/AIDS treated at five specialized services in the city of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. Data were collected from July 2016 to July 2017. Individual interviews were conducted. We used multivariable logistic regression to determine factors associated with knowing PrEP and PEP. Results Of the 397 participants, 140 (35.26%) were heterosexual women aged 40 to 49 years (36.2%).Participants with less than 11 years of study (adjusted odds: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.13–0.60); who did not have a low viral load or did not know their viral load (adjusted odds: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.09–0.83) and those with casual partners (adjusted odds: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.09–0.83) were less likely to know about the PrEP. MSM (adjusted odds: 2.88; 95% CI: 1.59–5.3) and those who used alcohol during sexual intercourse (adjusted odds: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.0–2.8) were more likely to know about the PEP. Conclusions The knowledge about PEP and PrEP is low in Brazil. This may undermine secondary prevention efforts. Educational interventions to raise awareness of these prevention methods are needed among people living with HIV and who have HIV-negative sexual partners.

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