Perceptions towards preventive behaviours against HIV transmission among people living with HIV/AIDS in Kathmandu, Nepal

Public Health ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 121 (12) ◽  
pp. 958-961 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.C. Poudel ◽  
S. Nakahara ◽  
K. Poudel-Tandukar ◽  
M. Jimba
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals The health literacy needs of women living with HIV/AIDS

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Thompson ◽  
Yolanda Havenga ◽  
Susan Naude
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Women Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv Aids

Women in Sub-Saharan Africa are disproportionately affected by the virus and constitute 60% of the total HIV/AIDS infections in this region. Current recommendations endorse the involvement of people living with HIV in the development of programmes for people living with the virus. The purpose of the study was to explore and describe the health literacy needs of women living with HIV. The research design was qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual. After women living with HIV/AIDS were sampled purposively, semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight women and qualitative content analysis done. The findings revealed that the women expressed a need to increase their knowledge about HIV/AIDS. The knowledge they needed ranged from basic pathophysiology about HIV/AIDS, to the impact of HIV/AIDS on their health, to an awareness of the modes of HIV transmission and methods of protecting others from being infected. Other important health literacy needs related to self-care and correct antiretroviral use. A need for psychosocial skills was also identified in order for women to build and maintain their relationships. Recommendations were made for nursing practice, education and further research, based on these findings.

scholarly journals HIV Knowledge and Stigmatizing Attitude towards People Living with HIV/AIDS among Medical Students in Jordan

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 745
Author(s):  
Malik Sallam ◽  
Ali M. Alabbadi ◽  
Sarah Abdel-Razeq ◽  
Kareem Battah ◽  
Leen Malkawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Aids Knowledge ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

The stigmatizing attitude towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) can be a major barrier to effective patient care. As future physicians, medical students represent a core group that should be targeted with focused knowledge and adequate training to provide patient care without prejudice. The aim of the current study was to examine HIV/AIDS knowledge, and the stigmatizing attitude towards PLWHA, among medical students in Jordan. The current study was based on a self-administered online questionnaire, which was distributed during March–May 2021, involving students at the six medical schools in Jordan, with items assessing demographics, HIV/AIDS knowledge, and HIV/AIDS stigmatizing attitude, which was evaluated using the validated HIV-stigma scale. The total number of respondents was 1362, with predominance of females (n = 780, 57.3%). Lack of HIV/AIDS knowledge among the study participants was notable for the following items: HIV transmission through breastfeeding (40.8% correct responses), HIV is not transmitted through saliva (42.6% correct responses), and vertical transmission of HIV can be prevented (48.8% correct responses). Approximately two-thirds of the respondents displayed a positive attitude towards PLWHA. For six out of the 14 HIV/AIDS knowledge items, lack of knowledge was significantly correlated with a more negative attitude towards PLWHA. Multinomial regression analysis showed that a significantly more negative attitude towards PLWHA was found among the pre-clinical students compared to the clinical students (odds ratio (OR): 0.65, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.43–0.97, p = 0.036); and that affiliation to medical schools that were founded before 2000 was associated with a more positive attitude towards PLWHA compared to affiliation to recently founded medical schools in the country (OR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.42–2.42, p < 0.001). About one-third of medical students who participated in the study displayed a negative attitude towards PLWHA. Defects in HIV/AIDS knowledge were detected for aspects involving HIV transmission and prevention, and such defects were correlated with a more negative attitude towards PLWHA. It is recommended to revise the current medical training curricula, and to tailor improvements in the overall HIV/AIDS knowledge, which can be reflected in a more positive attitude towards PLWHA, particularly for the recently established medical schools in the country.

scholarly journals HIV Transmission Risk Behaviors Among People Living With HIV/AIDS

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. E1-E10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Du ◽  
Tonya Crook ◽  
Cynthia Whitener ◽  
Patsi Albright ◽  
Daphne Greenawalt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Transmission Risk ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Recent multiple sexual partners and HIV transmission risks among people living with HIV/AIDS in Botswana

2007 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 371-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C Kalichman ◽  
D. Ntseane ◽  
K. Nthomang ◽  
M. Segwabe ◽  
O. Phorano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Multiple Sexual Partners ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals The family's role as a support network for people living with HIV/AIDS: a review of Brazilian research into the theme

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1109-1118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonara Maria Souza da Silva ◽  
Jeane Saskya Campos Tavares
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Support Network ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Family ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

The study of HIV transmission and the implementation of AIDS prevention actions recognize the importance of social networks in the transmission of the disease, the adherence to treatment and the quality of life of those infected. For this relevance there was a review of articles on social support networks to people living with HIV /AIDS available in the Virtual Health Library (VHL) were published in Brazil between 2002 and 2012. In this study 31 articles were used from journals covering the following áreas: Nursing (n = 15), Psychology (n = 6) and Science Health / Biomedica (n = 6), were included, which some principal authors were affiliated to higher education public institutions (n = 17). In relation to the methodology used, priority wasgiven to conducting: qualitative research (n = 18), cross-sectional studies (n = 19) and studies that involved talking to people living with HIV/AIDS (n = 13). Particular importance was placed on analytic categories related to: adherence to treatment (n = 6), the family (n = 4), vulnerability (n = 3) and support from social networks (n = 5). Within this paper we argue for more investments into studies that focus on the family, carers and their households, as well as deepening the theoretical study of the themes discussed and the use of developed theories for the analysis of Social Networks.

scholarly journals Socio-Demographic and Clinical Profile of People Living with HIV/AIDS.

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Khan ◽  
Shashi Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Although India is in the grip of HIV/AIDS epidemic, not much information is available on socio-demographic and clinical aspects of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). The present study has been designed with the following objective. Objectives: To assess the socio-demographic and clinical profile of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHAs) in India. Material and methods: The study was carried among 251 HIV/AIDS positive persons attending the out-patients department at the antiretroviral treatment (ART) clinic of the HIV testing centers at three major govt. hospital of Delhi, India. All the patients, male and female in the age range of 20-65 years and willing to participate were included in this study during the period 2007-2009. Written as well as informed consent was obtained for each patient at the time of recruitment. The HIV status was analyzed by ELISA with further confirmation by western blot; CD4/CD8 counts were measured by a flow-cytometer. Statistical analysis was carried out using chi-square test in order to see the association between age groups for various psychological measures and for treatment responses of the participants receiving ART. Results: Majority of the patients (77.7%) were found to be young (<40 years) and married (86.9 %). As high as 61.8% came from low socio-economic class and more than 93.6% acquired HIV transmission through heterosexual routes. A large proportion of these patients reported an extremely high level of anxiety, moderate level of stress and a borderline level of clinical depression. While some of the patients (28.3%) were well-adjusted with the ART, the rest of the patients reported difference in making adjustment with the treatment schedules. Conclusion: The study suggests that counselling and supportive therapy could play a pivotal role in controlling anxiety, stress, depression and rehabilitating people with HIV/AIDS. Thus, proper preventive intervention among general population and establishment of proper laboratory support is recommended. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v3i2.5039 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 3(2012) 1-10

scholarly journals Refused and referred-persistent stigma and discrimination against people living with HIV/AIDS in Bihar: a qualitative study from India

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e033790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohit Nair ◽  
Pragya Kumar ◽  
Sanjay Pandey ◽  
Amit Harshana ◽  
Shahwar Kazmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Universal Precautions ◽  
Stigma And Discrimination ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore barriers to accessing care, if any, among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) in two districts of Bihar. We also aimed to assess attitudes towards PLHA among healthcare providers and community members.DesignThis qualitative study used an exploratory study design through thematic analysis of semistructured, in-depth interviews.SettingTwo districts were purposively selected for the study, namely the capital Patna and a peripheral district located approximately 100 km from Patna, in order to glean insights from a diverse sample of respondents.ParticipantsOur team purposively selected 71 participants, including 35 PLHA, 10 community members and 26 healthcare providers.ResultsThe overarching theme that evolved from these data through thematic coding identified that enacted stigma and discrimination interfere with each step in the HIV care continuum for PLHA in Bihar, India, especially outside urban areas. The five themes that contributed to these results include: perception of HIV as a dirty illness at the community level; non-consensual disclosure of HIV status; reliance on identifying PLHA to guide procedures and resistance to universal precautions; refusal to treat identified PLHA and referrals to other health centres for treatment; and inadequate knowledge and fear among health providers with respect to HIV transmission.ConclusionsThe continued presence of discriminatory and stigmatising attitudes towards PLHA negatively impacts both disclosure of HIV status as well as access to care and treatment. We recognise a pressing need to improve the knowledge of HIV transmission, and implement universal precautions across all health facilities in the state, not just to reduce stigma and discrimination but also to ensure proper infection control. In order to improve treatment adherence and encourage optimal utilisation of services, it is imperative that the health system invest more in stigma reduction in Bihar and move beyond more ineffective, punitive approaches.

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