RESISTANCE OF COMMON BARBERRY (BERBERIS VULGARIS L.) TO RACE 15B OF WHEAT STEM RUST

1954 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 378-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Johnson ◽  
G. J. Green
Keyword(s):  
Stem Rust ◽  
Puccinia Graminis ◽  
Wheat Stem Rust ◽  
Berberis Vulgaris ◽  
Necrotic Spots

Twenty-four plants of barberry, Berberis vulgaris L., were inoculated with sporidia derived from several collections of race 15B of Puccinia graminis var. tritici Erikss. & Henn. Only five small pustules of aecia were produced on these plants; all other infections were limited to small necrotic spots or very small pustules of pycnia.

FURTHER EVIDENCE OF RESISTANCE IN BERBERIS VULGARIS TO RACE 15B OF PUCCINIA GRAMINIS f. sp. TRITICI

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Green ◽  
T. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Common Wheat ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Circumstantial Evidence ◽  
Puccinia Graminis ◽  
Wheat Stem Rust ◽  
Berberis Vulgaris ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Wheat Variety

Plants of common barberry (Berberis vulgaris L.) were inoculated to determine their reaction to race 15B of wheat stem rust (Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Erikss. & Henn.). Only resistant-type infections occurred on plants inoculated with two pure cultures of race 15B-4 (Can.). Strong circumstantial evidence for the resistance of common barberry to race 15B was obtained from inoculations with sporidia from teliospores produced in the field. Sporidia from teliospores collected from the emmer wheat variety Vernal, which is selective for race 15B, produced only infections of a resistant type, and those from the common wheat variety Lee, also selective for 15B, caused both resistant and susceptible types of infections. Transfer of aeciospores to wheat from the susceptible type demonstrated that 15B was not present. Sporidia from teliospores on the varieties Reliance and Mentana, which are not selective for this race, caused infections of a susceptible type. Resistant-type and susceptible-type infections appeared when barberry leaves were infected with races 29 and 48A.

Distribution of Wheat Stem Rust (Puccinia Graminis F. Sp. Tritici) in West and Southwest Shewa Zones and Identification of its Phsiological Races

2015 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alemayehu Hailu Getaneh Woldeab ◽  
Woubit Dawit Endale Hailu
Keyword(s):  
Stem Rust ◽  
Puccinia Graminis ◽  
Wheat Stem Rust

scholarly journals Prevalence and Distribution of Common Barberry, the Alternate Host of Puccinia graminis, in Minnesota

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Peterson ◽  
K. J. Leonard ◽  
J. D. Miller ◽  
R. J. Laudon ◽  
T. B. Sutton
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
The United States ◽  
Puccinia Graminis ◽  
Alternate Host ◽  
Wheat Stem Rust ◽  
State Program ◽  
Cereal Production ◽  
Active Class

A federal and state program operated from 1918 until the 1980s to eradicate common barberry (Berberis vulgaris), the alternate host of Puccinia graminis, from the major areas of cereal production in the United States. Over 500 million bushes were destroyed nationally during the program, approximately 1 million in Minnesota. Some sites in Minnesota where barberry bushes were destroyed remained in the “active” class when eradication was phased out in the 1980s. Active sites were defined as those on which there was still a possibility of emergence of barberry seedlings or sprouts arising from the parent bush. In the present study, from 1998 to 2002, 72 of the approximately 1,200 active sites in Minnesota were surveyed. Areas within 90 m of mapped locations of previously destroyed bushes were searched carefully at each site. Reemerged barberry plants were found on 32 sites. The reproductive status and GPS coordinates were recorded for each reemerged bush. More than 90% of the barberry bushes were found in counties with less than 400 ha of wheat per county, mostly in southeastern Minnesota, but one bush was found in a major wheat-producing county in northwestern Minnesota. Reemergence of barberry may serve as a source of new wheat stem rust races in future epidemics.

scholarly journals Characterization of Wheat Monogenic Lines with Known Sr Genes and Wheat Lines with Resistance to the Ug99 Race Group for Resistance to Prevalent Races of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici in China

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (7) ◽  
pp. 1939-1943
Author(s):  
Xian Xin Wu ◽  
Qiu Jun Lin ◽  
Xin Yu Ni ◽  
Qian Sun ◽  
Rong Zhen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Puccinia Graminis ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Wheat Stem Rust ◽  
Wheat Improvement ◽  
Wheat Lines ◽  
Sr Genes

Wheat stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most serious fungal diseases in wheat production, seriously threatening the global supply of wheat and endangering food security. The present study was conducted to evaluate wheat monogenic lines with known Sr genes to the most prevalent P. graminis f. sp. tritici races in China. In addition, wheat lines introduced from the International Maize and Wheat improvement Center (CIMMYT) with resistance to the Ug99 race group were also evaluated with the prevalent Chinese P. graminis f. sp. tritici races. The monogenic lines containing Sr9e, Sr21, Sr26, Sr31, Sr33, Sr35, Sr37, Sr38, Sr47, and SrTt3 were effective against races 21C3CTTTM, 34C0MRGSM, and 34C3MTGQM at both seedling and adult-plant stages. In contrast, monogenic lines containing Sr6, Sr7b, Sr8a, Sr9a, Sr9b, Sr9d, Sr9f, Sr9g, Sr13, Sr16, Sr18, Sr19, Sr20, Sr24, Sr28, Sr29, and Sr34 were highly susceptible to these races at both seedling and adult-plant stages. Lines with Sr5, Sr10, Sr13, Sr14, Sr15, Sr17, Sr21, Sr22, Sr23, Sr25, Sr27, Sr29, Sr30, Sr32, Sr36, and Sr39 were resistant to one or more of the tested races. Among the 123 CIMMYT lines, 38 (30.9%) showed varying levels of susceptibility to Chinese P. graminis f. sp. tritici races. The results should be useful for breeding wheat cultivars with resistance to stem rust.

In vitro differentiation of haustorial mother cells of the wheat stem rust fungus, Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, triggered by the synergistic action of chemical and physical signals

2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Wiethölter ◽  
Susanne Horn ◽  
Katrin Reisige ◽  
Ursula Beike ◽  
Bruno M Moerschbacher
Keyword(s):  
Stem Rust ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Synergistic Action ◽  
Puccinia Graminis ◽  
In Vitro Differentiation ◽  
Wheat Stem Rust ◽  
Mother Cells

scholarly journals First Report of a New TTKSF Race of Wheat Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) in South Africa and Zimbabwe

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 590-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. A. Pretorius ◽  
L. J. Szabo ◽  
W. H. P. Boshoff ◽  
L. Herselman ◽  
B. Visser
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Infection Type ◽  
Puccinia Graminis ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Wheat Stem Rust ◽  
Letter Code ◽  
Formed Part ◽  
Sr Gene

Seven races have been described in the Ug99 race group of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (2). Ug99-related races previously recorded in South Africa are TTKSF, TTKSP, and PTKST (4). In December 2010, severe stem rust infection of the winter wheat cv. Matlabas was observed for the first time in South Africa. Race analysis using the 20 North American (NA) stem rust differential lines and letter code system classified the race as TTKSF. In comparative infection studies in a greenhouse, cv. Matlabas seedlings were susceptible (infection type [IT] 4) to isolate UVPgt61/1 (TTKSF+) collected from Afrikaskop in the eastern Free State, whereas the cultivar was resistant (IT 1 to 2) to stem rust isolates 2013 (TTKSF), UVPgt55 (TTKSF), UVPgt59 (TTKSP), and UVPgt60 (PTKST). Isolate 2013 represents the original collection of race TTKSF in South Africa (1). In addition to the NA differentials, no variation in the IT range of seedlings of lines with Sr7a, 8b, 12, 13, 14, 16, 18, 19, 22, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 32, 33, 34, 35, 39, 41, 42, 43, 44, Em, R, Tt2, and Satu was observed between UVPgt61/1 and UVPgt55. With the exception of cv. Matlabas, ITs of 106 South African cultivars likewise did not differentiate UVPgt61/1 and UVPgt55. Seedling IT studies were conducted at least twice. Microsatellite analysis (4) showed that all single pustule isolates established from the original Matlabas isolate formed part of the Ug99 group. When characterized with selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), all single pustule isolates shared an identical genotype that differed from UVPgt55 (TTKSF), a foreign introduction into South Africa (1,3). SNP genotype analysis suggests that UVPgt61/1 is genetically dissimilar to UVPgt55, as is Zim1009, another TTKSF+ isolate that was collected from Birchenough in Zimbabwe. Studies are underway to determine the identity of the defeated Sr gene in Matlabas and the cultivar has been added to the South African stem rust differential set. TTKSF+ is the eighth race detected in the Ug99 group. Since no other cultivars or advanced lines were found to carry the Matlabas gene, it is unlikely that race TTKSF+ will threaten wheat production in South Africa. However, the occurrence of a new Ug99-related race emphasizes the variability within this internationally important group. References: (1) W. H. P. Boshoff et al. Plant Dis. 86:922, 2002. (2) R. F. Park et al. Euphytica 179:109, 2011. (3) B. Visser et al. Mol. Plant Pathol. 10:213, 2009. (4) B. Visser et al. Euphytica 179:119, 2011.

Changes in Photosynthesis of Wheat Plants Infected with Wheat Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici)

1985 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Berghaus ◽  
H. J. Reisener
Keyword(s):  
Stem Rust ◽  
Puccinia Graminis ◽  
Wheat Stem Rust

scholarly journals First Report of TTRTF Race of Wheat Stem Rust, Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, in Ethiopia

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 293-293
Author(s):  
Tsegaab Tesfaye ◽  
Alemayehu Chala ◽  
Elfinesh Shikur ◽  
David Hodson ◽  
Les J. Szabo
Keyword(s):  
Stem Rust ◽  
Puccinia Graminis ◽  
Wheat Stem Rust ◽  
First Report

scholarly journals Banishing barberry: The history of Berberis vulgaris prevalence and wheat stem rust incidence across Britain

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 1193-1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerry Barnes ◽  
Diane G. O. Saunders ◽  
Tom Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Stem Rust ◽  
Wheat Stem Rust ◽  
Berberis Vulgaris ◽  
History Of

Haustoria-like branches in axenic cultures of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 1816-1817 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Stem Rust ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Puccinia Graminis ◽  
Wheat Stem Rust ◽  
Artificial Culture ◽  
Axenic Cultures

Hyphae of the wheat stem rust fungus form short, lateral projections under conditions of artificial culture that are unfavorable for saprophytic growth. It is suggested that the structures are homologous with the haustoria of intercellular rust mycelium.

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