A chromosome atlas and interspecific – intergenic index for Lotus and Tetragonolobus (Fabaceae)

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 1787-1809 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Somatic Hybridization ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Polytene Chromosomes ◽  
Intergeneric Hybrids ◽  
Normal Number ◽  
Dna Values ◽  
First Time ◽  
Somatic Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Suspensor Cells

Basic chromosome numbers in Lotus are x = 5, 6, and 7. It is considered that evolution has proceeded in the genus by means of a descending aneuploid series from an eight-chromosomed ancestor. Chromosome numbers for species of Tetragonolobus are based on x = 7. Somatic chromosome numbers are reported for 108 species and 38 varieties. The chromosome numbers for five species (L. hamatus Greene, 2n = 14, L. haydonii (Orcutt) Greene, 2n = 14, L. hintoniorum B.L. Turner, 2n = 14, L. mearnsii Britton, 2n = 14, L. utahensis Ottley, 2n = 14) and seven varieties (L. argophyllus (Gray) Green var. argenteus Dunkle, 2n = 14, L. dendroideus var. traskiae (Eastwood ex Noddin) Isely, 2n = 14, L. heermanii (Durand et Hilgard) Greene var. orbicularis (Gray) Isely, 2n = 14, L. junceus (Benth.) Greene var. biolettii (Greene) Ottley, 2n = 14, L. strigosus var. hirtellus (Greene) Ottley, 2n = 14, L. strigosus var. tomentellus (Greene) Isely, 2n = 14, L. uliginosus ssp. vestitus (Lange) A. Pedersen, 2n = 12) are reported for the first time. Natural diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid plants are reported for L. alpinus. Several species are reported as possessing B chromosomes. Mixoploidy is reported to occur in three species (L. alpinus, L. glacialis, L. glareosus). In addition, chromosome numbers are given for plants regenerated from calluses grown in tissue culture having both heteroploidy, euploidy, and mixoploidy. Root nodules are reported with tetraploid and octoploid cells in addition to the normal number of chromosomes. Trisomie series have been partially developed in L. tenuis and L. uliginosus. Polytene chromosomes were observed in suspensor cells of three species of Lotus. Feulgen cytophotometric measurements, to determine the DNA nuclear content, were made for 16 species of Lotus and one species of Tetragonolobus. The majority of the studies in Lotus concern the economic species L. corniculatus, L. tenuis, and L. uliginosus. Interspecific hybridization was carried out in different combinations between diploids, autoploids, and amphidiploids. Intergeneric hybrids were attempted by somatic hybridization, protoplast fusion, and asymmetric hybridization between Lotus and other species (Glycine max, Medicago sativa, Oryza sativa). Key words: chromosome numbers, DNA values, Fabaceae, Lotus species, interspecific hybrids, intergeneric hybrids, Tetragonolobus.

scholarly journals Diversity and cytological studies of the Genus Amomum Roxb. former Elettariopsis Baker (Zingiberaceae) in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Surapon Saensouk ◽  
Piyaporn Saensouik
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Somatic Chromosome ◽  
Field Trips ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
Vernacular Names ◽  
Living Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
Somatic Chromosome Numbers

Abstract. Saensouk P, Saensouk S. 2021. Diversity and cytological studies on the genus Amomum Roxb. former Elettariopsis Baker (Zingiberaceae) in Thailand. Biodiversitas 22: 3209-3218. A comprehensive diversity and cytological studies of the genus Amomum Roxb. in Thailand have not been reported. This work aims to study the diversity and cytological including chromosome numbers and karyotypes of the genus Amomum Roxb. former Elettariopsis Bakerin Thailand. Ten species of Amomum were recognized from Thailand. Nomenclatures, vernacular names, distribution, ecology, and traditional utilization are provided. Only Amomum wandokthong is widely cultivated in all parts in Thailand. Four living species, i.e. Amomum curtisii, A. monophyllum, A. trilobum, and A. wandokthong have been collected from field trips. Therefore, the somatic chromosome numbers from four species of this genus were studied from root tips. The somatic chromosome numbers of each species in this study were counted from 20 cells. The karyotype formulas were derived from measurements of the metaphase chromosomes in photomicrographs. The chromosome numbers of four species were found to be 2n = 48. Karyotypes of four species were reported to be Amomum curtisii (32m + 8sm + 8st), A. monophyllum (26m + 12sm + 10st), A. trilobum (18m + 24sm + 6st), and A. wandokthong (28m + 16sm + 4st with five visible satellites chromosomes). The chromosome numbers of A. monophyllum and A. wandokthong were reported for the first time. The karyotypes of four species were studied for the first time.

scholarly journals Chromosome Numbers in 11 Species of Taraxacum Section Erythrosperma Dt. from Poland

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateusz Marian Wolanin ◽  
Krystyna Musiał
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Somatic Chromosome ◽  
First Time ◽  
Somatic Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Eleven Species

AbstractKaryology of eleven species of Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma from Poland has been studied. Somatic chromosome numbers are given for the following species: T. bellicum, T. brachyglossum, T. cristatum, T. disseminatum, T. dissimile, T. lacistophyllum, T. parnassicum, T. plumbeum, T. proximum, T. scanicum, and T. tenuilobum. Although the hypertriploid chromosome number was previously reported in Poland for T. lacistophyllum, T. parnassicum, T. scanicum, and T. tenuilobum, we proved the triploid chromosome number 2n = 24 in all the species investigated, which is consistent with the data reported from other regions of Europe. The chromosome numbers of T. bellicum, T. cristatum, T. disseminatum, T. dissimile, T. plumbeum, and T. proximum growing in Poland are published for the first time.

NEW CHROMOSOME COUNTS OFBERBERISL. (BERBERIDACEAE) SUGGEST THAT POLYPLOIDY DOES NOT PLAY A SIGNIFICANT ROLE IN THE DIVERSIFICATION OF THE GENUS IN THE NEPAL HIMALAYA

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Adhikari ◽  
C. A. Pendry ◽  
M. Möller
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Somatic Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
Nepal Himalaya ◽  
First Time ◽  
Somatic Chromosome Numbers

Chromosomes were counted for nine of the 24 taxa ofBerberis(Berberidaceae) from Nepal, five of which were counted for the first time. The results show that all these species have somatic chromosome numbers of 2n= 28. The absence of polyploids suggests that polyploidy may not have been a major driver of speciation and diversification ofBerberisin the Nepal Himalaya.

scholarly journals Chromosome numbers in Begonia.

1969 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A.H. Legro ◽  
J. Doorenbos
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Somatic Chromosome ◽  
Polyploid Series ◽  
First Time ◽  
Somatic Chromosome Numbers

The somatic chromosome numbers of 100 Begonia species were counted, of which 72 have been determined for the first time. Eighteen different numbers have been established, ranging between 22 and 156, fifteen of which could be fitted into a tentative scheme of five polyploid series. The most common numbers were 22 (14 species), 28 (35 species) and 56 (17 species). The species have been grouped into sections according to Irmscher. In some cases these sections appeared to have a characteristic chromosome number whereas in others, e.g. Pritzelia and Begoniastrum, a great diversity in chromosome number was encountered. [For earlier work see H.A., 39: 5182.]-Univ. Wageningen. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

Intergeneric hybrids between Thinopyrum and Psathyrostachys (Triticeae)

Genome ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 845-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard R.-C. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Genome Analysis ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Intergeneric Hybrids ◽  
Meiotic Pairing ◽  
Green Leaves ◽  
Psathyrostachys Juncea ◽  
Basic Genome ◽  
Chromosome Associations ◽  
Thinopyrum Elongatum ◽  
First Time

Intergeneric hybrids were synthesized for the first time from the diploid crosses Thinopyrum elongatum (JeJe) × Psathyrostachys juncea (NjNj), T. elongatum × P. fragilis (NfNf), T. bessarabicum (JbJb) × P. huashanica (NhNh), and T. bessarabicum × P. juncea, as well as from a cross between the amphidiploid of T. bessarabicum × T. elongatum (JbJbJeJe) and P. juncea. Spikes of these hybrids are morphologically intermediate between those of the parental species. Double spikelets occurred occasionally at central nodes of the spikes. Glaucous blue leaves appeared in the F1 only in the cross T. bessarabicum × P. huashanica, suggesting that the gene(s) for glaucous blue leaves in T. bessarabicum is (are) recessive to a gene(s) for green leaves in P. juncea but is (are) dominant to that for yellowish green leaves in P. huashanica. Meiotic pairing at metaphase I in these diploid (JN) and triploid (JJN) hybrids revealed a very low level of homology between the basic J and N genome. Therefore, the J and N genomes are nonhomologous and justifiably represented by different genome symbols. The triploid hybrids exhibited a pattern of chromosome associations that substantiated the earlier conclusion that the genomes in T. bessarabicum and T. elongatum are two versions of a basic genome (J). These hybrids will be useful in genome analysis, forming new Leymus species with the J and N genomes and broadening the diversity in the genus Pascopyrum with the SHJN genomes.Key words: hybrid, Thinopyrum, Psathyrostachys, genome.

scholarly journals Morphological, Anatomical and Cytological Studies of some Moss Species from Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 404-413
Author(s):  
Abolade Oluremi BOLAJI ◽  
Julius Olaoye FALUYI
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Moss Species ◽  
Anatomical Studies ◽  
First Time

Morphological, anatomical and chromosome studies of Hyophila crenulata C, Mull. Ex Dus, Thuidium gratum (P. Beauv) Jaeg., Barbula lambarenensis P. Vard.. Stereophyllum nitense Mitt. and Bryum coronatum Schwaegr from Nigeria, were carried out with a view to bridging some knowledge gaps that exist in their characterization and providing insightful information that could be useful in elucidating their taxonomic status. The morphological and anatomical studies revealed several gametophytic and sporophytic attributes which have not been previously reported and which were diagnostic for the moss species studied. The chromosome studies revealed the chromosome numbers to be Hyophila crenulata n = 4; Thuidium gratum n = 12 (10 + 2 m); Barbula lambarenensis n = 3; Stereophyllum nitense n = 9; and Bryum coronatum n = 10. The study concluded that the details of the morphological and anatomical descriptions as well as the chromosome numbers being reported for the first time in this study for the moss species studied could be very useful in their identification and taxonomic delimitation.

CHROMOSOME NUMBERS AND TAXONOMIC NOTES ON NORTHERN GRASSES: II. TRIBE FESTUCEAE

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wray M. Bowden
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Somatic Chromosome ◽  
Bromus Tectorum ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Lolium Rigidum ◽  
Voucher Specimens ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
Somatic Chromosome Numbers

Chromosome numbers and voucher specimens are recorded for some collections of the tribe FESTUCEAE Dumort., mainly collected in Canada. The somatic chromosome numbers of the following are recorded: (1a) Arctagrostis arundinacea (Trin.) Beal var. arundinacea, 2n = 28, 2n = 29, and 2n = 30; (1b) Arctagrostis arundinacea (Trin.) Beal var. crassispica Bowden, 2n = 56; (1c) Arctagrostis latifolia (R.Br.) Griseb., 2n = 56. (2) Beckmannia syzigachne (Steud.) Fern., 2n = 14. (3) Brachyelytrum erectum (Schreb.) Beauv., two vars., 2n = 22. (4a) Bromus ciliatus L., 2n = 14; (4b) Bromus inermis Leyss., two subspecies and two vars., 2n = 56; (4e) Bromus kalmii A. Gray, 2n = 14; (4d) Bromus porteri (Coult.) Nash, 2n = 14; (4c) Bromus tectorum L., 2n = 14. (5) Catabrosa aquatica (L.) Beauv. var. laurentiana Fern., 2n = 20. (6) Dactylis glomerata L., 2n = 28. (7) Distichlisstricta (Torr.) Rydb., 2n = 40. (8a) Dupontiafisheri R.Br, subsp. fisheri, 2n = 132; (8b) Dupontia fisheri R.Br, subsp. psilosantha (Rupr.) Hultén, 2n = 44. (9) Eremopoa persica (Trin.) Roshev., 2n = 28. (10a) Festuca altaica Trin., 2n = 28; (10b) Festuca baffinensis Polunin, 2n = 28; (10c) Festuca brachyphylla Schultes, 2n = 42 and one collection, 2n = 44; (10d) Festuca elatior L., 2n = 14; (10e) Festuca obtusa Bieler, 2n = 42; (10f) Festuca prolifera (Piper) Fern. var. lasiolepis Fern., 2n = 50; (10g) Festuca rubra L., 2n = 42; (10h) Festuca saximontana Rydb., 2n = 42; (10i)Festuca scabrella Torr. ex Hook., two vars., 2n = 56 and 2n = 28. (11a) Glyceria borealis (Nash) Batchelder, 2n = 20; (11b) Glyceria canadensis (Michx.) Trin., 2n = 60; (11c) Glyceria grandis S. Wats., 2n = 20; (11d) Glyceria melicaria (Michx.) Hubb., 2n = 40; (11e) Glyceria pulchella (Nash) K. Schum., 2n = 20; (11f) Glyceria striata (Lam.) Hitchc, 2n = 20; (11g) Glyceria × gatineauensis Bowden (G. melicaria × G. striata), 2n = 30; (11h)Glyceria × ottawensis Bowden (G. canadensis × G. striata), three nothomorphs, 2n = 42, 2n = 46, and 2n = 48. (12) Lolium rigidum Gaud., 2n = 14. (13a) Phippsiaalgida (Sol.) R.Br., 2n = 28; (13b) Phippsia concinna (Th. Fries) Lindeb., 2n = 28. (14) Pleuropogon sabinei R.Br., 2n = 42. (15) Schizachnepurpurascens (Torr.) Swallen, 2n = 20. (16) Torreyochloa fernaldii (Hitchc.) Church, 2n = 14.

scholarly journals Polytene Chromosomes in the Suspensor Cells ofLotus(Fabaceae)

Caryologia ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather J. Freed ◽  
W. F. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Polytene Chromosomes ◽  
Suspensor Cells

scholarly journals New Contribution to the Knowledge on the Chromosome Numbers of Turkish Cerambycidae (Coleoptera)

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
Yavuz Koçak ◽  
Elmas Yağmur
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Chromosome Count ◽  
Chromosomal Number ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Karyological Data ◽  
First Time

Information on the karyotypes of Turkish species of Cerambycidae is scanty. Our study contributes to the knowledge of the karyological data (chromosomal number and mechanism of sex determination) of five Turkish longicorn beetles; karyotypes of four taxa, one endemic, are described for the first time and for the remaining one, Purpuricenus budensis (Götz, 1783), the previously published chromosome count is confirmed. The chromosome number of Purpuricenus desfontainii inhumeralis Pic, 1891 and Purpuricenus budensis (Götz, 1783) (Cerambycinae, Trachyderini) was found to be 2n = 28 (13 + Xyp); Clytus rhamni Germar, 1817 and Plagionotus floralis (Pallas, 1773) (Cerambycinae, Clytini) 2n = 20 (9 + Xyp); and the endemic Dorcadion triste phrygicum Peks, 1993 (Lamiinae, Dorcadionini) 2n = 24 (11 + Xyp). In view of the paucity of data available until now, our study is important for both to improve the poor karyological knowledge of Turkish Cerambycidae and to provide an incentive for other researchers.

scholarly journals Badania kariologiczne nad dwoma gatunkami rodzaju Sparganium L. [Karyological studies in two species of the genus Sparganium]

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-148
Author(s):  
K. Bijok ◽  
E. Adamkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Somatic Chromosome ◽  
Somatic Chromosome Numbers

The somatic chromosome numbers 2n = 30 for <em>Sparganium neglectum</em> and <em>S. minimum</em> was established. The karyotype of the first species consist of 8 iso- and 7 heterobronchial chromosomes and the reverse is true for the second species. In metabolic nuclei 30 chromocentres are visible.

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