Implications of coalification levels, Eureka Sound Formation, northeastern Arctic Canada

1977 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1588-1597 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Bustin ◽  
L. V. Hills ◽  
P. R. Gunther
Keyword(s):  
Brown Coal ◽  
Bituminous Coal ◽  
Geothermal Gradient ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Ellesmere Island ◽  
Sediment Thickness ◽  
Arctic Canada ◽  
Heat Flows ◽  
Tectonic Settings ◽  
Maximum Temperatures

The rank of coal in the Eureka Sound Formation on Ellesmere and Axel Heiberg Islands ranges from brown coal to high volatile bituminous coal, based on reflectance determinations. Reflectance values from coals adjacent to the Stolz Fault, Axel Heiberg Island, are higher than in adjacent areas and may be related to abnormally high heat flows resulting from evaporite diapirism at depth, from the effect of overthrusting, or both. Regional reflectance values indicate that there is no correlation between the degree of coalification and the age of the strata, suggesting differing depths of burial and tectonic settings. Comparison of the coalification gradient at Fosheim Peninsula, Ellesmere Island, with that of the Téjon area of California permits estimation of a geothermal gradient which can be used for calculation of preorogenic sediment thickness. Maximum temperatures derived from the degree of coalification (100 °C at Fosheim) suggest that the sediments are within the zone of initial oil maturity.

scholarly journals Geothermal Gradient And Heat Flow Maps Of Offshore Malaysia: Some Updates And Observations

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 159-183
Author(s):  
Mazlan Madon ◽  
◽  
John Jong ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Heat Flow ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Geothermal Gradient ◽  
Flow Probe ◽  
Geothermal Gradients ◽  
Heat Flows ◽  
Flow Maps ◽  
Tectonic Settings

An update of the geothermal gradient and heat flow maps for offshore Malaysia based on oil and gas industry data is long overdue. In this article we present an update based on available data and information compiled from PETRONAS and operator archives. More than 600 new datapoints calculated from bottom-hole temperature (BHT) data from oil and gas wells were added to the compilation, along with 165 datapoints from heat flow probe measurements at the seabed in the deep-water areas off Sarawak and Sabah. The heat flow probe surveys also provided direct measurements of seabed sediment thermal conductivity. For the calculation of heat flows from the BHT-based temperature gradients, empirical relationships between sediment thermal conductivity and burial depth were derived from thermal conductivity measurements of core samples in oil/gas wells (in the Malay Basin) and from ODP and IODP drillholes (as analogues for Sarawak and Sabah basins). The results of this study further enhanced our insights into the similarities and differences between the various basins and their relationships to tectonic settings. The Malay Basin has relatively high geothermal gradients (average ~47 °C/km). Higher gradients in the basin centre are attributed to crustal thinning due to extension. The Sarawak Basin has similar above-average geothermal gradients (~45 °C/km), whereas the Baram Delta area and the Sabah Shelf have considerably lower gradients (~29 to ~34 °C/km). These differences are attributed to the underlying tectonic settings; the Sarawak Shelf, like the Malay Basin, is underlain by an extensional terrane, whereas the Sabah Basin and Baram Delta east of the West Baram Line are underlain by a former collisional margin (between Dangerous Grounds rifted terrane and Sabah). The deep-water areas off Sarawak and Sabah (North Luconia and Sabah Platform) show relatively high geothermal gradients overall, averaging 80 °C/km in North Luconia and 87 °C/km in the Sabah Platform. The higher heat flows in the deep-water areas are consistent with the region being underlain by extended continental terrane of the South China Sea margin. From the thermal conductivity models established in this study, the average heat flows are: Malay Basin (92 mW/m2), Sarawak Shelf (95 mW/m2) and Sabah Shelf (79 mW/m2). In addition, the average heat flows for the deep-water areas are as follows: Sabah deep-water fold-thrust belt (66 mW/m2), Sabah Trough (42 mW/m2), Sabah Platform (63 mW/m2) and North Luconia (60 mW/m2).

scholarly journals Eurekan faults on northern Ellesmere Island, Arctic Canada: from Cenozoic strike-slip tectonics to recent seismicity

2021 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 101816
Author(s):  
Christian Brandes ◽  
Karsten Piepjohn
Keyword(s):  
Strike Slip ◽  
Ellesmere Island ◽  
Arctic Canada

Terrestrial Paleocene palynofloras, eastern Ellesmere Island, Arctic Canada

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
A R Sweet
Keyword(s):  
Ellesmere Island ◽  
Arctic Canada

Slagging Behavior of Upgraded Brown Coal and Bituminous Coal in 145 MW Practical Coal Combustion Boiler

2012 ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
Katsuya Akiyama ◽  
Haeyang Pak ◽  
Yoji Takubo ◽  
Toshiya Tada ◽  
Yasuaki Ueki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brown Coal ◽  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Bituminous Coal

Permian Sponges from Western Ellesmere Island, Arctic Canada

1973 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1431-1443 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Keith Rigby ◽  
Forrest M. Terrell
Keyword(s):  
Ellesmere Island ◽  
Arctic Canada ◽  
New Family

Sponges occur widespread in Permian formations in western Ellesmere Island on Fosheim, Raanes, and Bjorne Peninsulas. Scheiia tuberosa Tschernyschew and Stepanov, 1916, is described from the Assistance and Tanquary formations and is the most widely occurring sponge in the collections. Haplistion arcticum (Dunikowski, 1884), Haplistion latituba (Dunkowski, 1884), Haplistion diactinum n. sp., and Raanespongia monilis, n. gen. and n. sp., all occur in the Assistance Formation. Raanespongia monilis n. sp. is the basis of the new family Raanespongiidae which is included in the Eutaxicladina.

Relaxed impact craters on Ganymede: Regional variation and high heat flows

Icarus ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 306 ◽  
pp. 214-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsi N. Singer ◽  
Michael T. Bland ◽  
Paul M. Schenk ◽  
William B. McKinnon
Keyword(s):  
Regional Variation ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Impact Craters ◽  
Heat Flows

Apatite fission-track evidence of widespread Eocene heating and exhumation in the Yukon-Tanana Upland, interior Alaska

2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 1191-1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Dusel-Bacon ◽  
John M Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Fission Track ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Geothermal Gradient ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Spreading Ridge ◽  
Apatite Fission Track ◽  
Oceanic Spreading ◽  
Lower Maximum ◽  
Maximum Temperatures ◽  
Test Hole

We present an apatite fission-track (AFT) study of five plutonic rocks and seven metamorphic rocks across 310 km of the Yukon–Tanana Upland in east-central Alaska. Samples yielding ~40 Ma AFT ages and mean confined track lengths > 14 µm with low standard deviations cooled rapidly from >120°C to <50°C during a 3–5 Ma period, beginning at about 40 Ma. Data from samples yielding AFT ages >40 Ma suggest partial annealing and, therefore, lower maximum temperatures (~90–105°C). A few samples with single-grain ages of ~20 Ma apparently remained above ~50°C after initial cooling. Although the present geothermal gradient in the western Yukon–Tanana Upland is ~32°C/km, it could have been as high as 45°C/km during a widespread Eocene intraplate magmatic episode. Prior to rapid exhumation, samples with ~40 Ma AFT ages were >3.8–2.7 km deep and samples with >50 Ma AFT ages were >3.3–2.0 km deep. We calculate a 440–320 m/Ma minimum rate for exhumation of all samples during rapid cooling. Our AFT data, and data from rocks north of Fairbanks and from the Eielson deep test hole, indicate up to 3 km of post-40 Ma vertical displacement along known and inferred northeast-trending high-angle faults. The predominance of 40–50 Ma AFT ages throughout the Yukon–Tanana Upland indicates that, prior to the post-40 Ma relative uplift along some northeast-trending faults, rapid regional cooling and exhumation closely followed the Eocene extensional magmatism. We propose that Eocene magmatism and exhumation were somehow related to plate movements that produced regional-scale oroclinal rotation, northward translation of outboard terranes, major dextral strike-slip faulting, and subduction of an oceanic spreading ridge along the southern margin of Alaska.

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