Specimen Weight and M.S. 222

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1403-1407 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Houston ◽  
J. T. Corlett ◽  
R. J. Woods
Keyword(s):  
Carassius Auratus ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽  
Anesthetic Concentration ◽  
Specimen Weight ◽  
Gill Area ◽  
Recovery Times ◽  
Specific Variation ◽  
The Relationship

The influence of specimen weight upon induction of and recovery from Stage I M.S. 222 (ethyl m-aminobenzoate methanesulphonate) was examined in goldfish (Carassius auratus), brook (Salvelinus fontinalis), and rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) exposed to various anesthetic concentration–temperature combinations. Both induction and recovery times varied inversely with weight, the influence of weight being particularly pronounced among smaller specimens. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that attainment of "critical" internal anesthetic concentration is influenced by weight-specific variation in the relationship between gill area and extracellular phase volume.

Compartmentalization of prostaglandin synthesis within the fish ovary

1991 ◽  
Vol 260 (5) ◽  
pp. R862-R865
Author(s):  
F. W. Goetz
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Carassius Auratus ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Prostaglandin Synthesis ◽  
Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽  
Significant Production ◽  
Prostaglandins E

Numerous studies have shown that the follicle walls surrounding mature vertebrate oocytes are capable of producing primary prostaglandins. However, very few studies have looked at the prostaglandin synthetic potential of other ovarian tissue components. In brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and goldfish (Carassius auratus), mature follicle walls can produce prostaglandins E and F (PGE and PGF, respectively); however, it is apparent that several other tissues within the fish ovary also produce specific primary PGs. Incubation of stroma or connective tissue from brook trout and goldfish ovaries with [14C]-arachidonic acid resulted in a very significant production of PGE2, whereas small immature oocytes of both species produced primarily PGF2 alpha. While the function of the primary prostaglandins produced by tissues external to the mature oocytes is unknown, it is important to recognize that multiple sites for prostaglandin synthesis are present within the fish ovary.

scholarly journals Heart rate conditioning in goldfish (Carassius auratus) and not in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)

1978 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 347-348
Author(s):  
Richard T. Erspamer ◽  
Merle E. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Carassius Auratus ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Heart Rate Conditioning ◽  
Goldfish Carassius Auratus

The relationship between responsiveness and elusiveness of heat-shocked goldfish (Carassius auratus) to attacks by rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul W. Webb ◽  
Hongbao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Carassius Auratus ◽  
Prey Capture ◽  
Acclimation Temperature ◽  
Escape Velocity ◽  
Reaction Distance ◽  
Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
The Relationship

We measured reaction distance, escape velocity, and the apparent looming threshold (ALT) of heat-shocked goldfish (Carassius auratus) attacked by trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). We tested fish at the acclimation temperature of 15 °C after heat-shocking prey for 2 min at temperatures ranging from 34 to 39 °C. Escape speeds were unaffected by heat shock. Reaction distance decreased from about 21 cm for fish shocked at 35 °C to about 6 cm for those shocked at 39 °C. ALT increased from 0.2 rad∙s−1 for controls to 0.4 rad∙s−1 for goldfish heat-shocked at 39 °C. The elusiveness of prey, E, was measured as the number of attacks required per prey capture. E was related to ALT as: E = 1.29 (±0.47)∙ALT−0.82(±0.25) (mean (±2 SE)). Factors that decrease responsiveness of prey have large effects on the ability of prey to avoid predators.

Obligate Anaerobic Bacteria in the Gastrointestinal Microflora of the Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), Goldfish (Carassius auratus), and Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri)

1979 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 1174-1179 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Trust ◽  
L. M. Bull ◽  
B. R. Currie ◽  
J. T. Buckley
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Grass Carp ◽  
Carassius Auratus ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Ctenopharyngodon Idella ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽  
Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon Idella ◽  
Gastrointestinal Microflora

Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), bred in Arkansas and maintained in British Columbia under defined culture conditions on pelleted diets and on aquatic weeds, were examined to determine their commensal gastrointestinal bacterial flora. Using anaerobic incubation, the total bacterial numbers cultured ranged from 6 × 104 to 4 × 108 (average 4 × 106) per g of alimentary tract plus contents. Obligately anaerobic bacteria were isolated and identified as species of Actinomyces, Bacteroides, Eubacterium, Fusobacterium, and Peptostreptococcus. This is the first description of the presence of these strictly anaerobic organisms in the gastrointestinal tract of fish. Indeed, many of the anaerobes isolated did not conform to previously described species. Members of the Genus Clostridium were also isolated by enrichment culture and appeared to be associated with a pond weed diet. A wide variety of facultative anaerobic bacteria were also isolated, with Aeromonas hydrophila predominating. The gastrointestinal tracts of goldfish (Carassius auratus) were also found to contain sizable numbers of obligate anaerobes, but the gastrointestinal tracts of hatchery-cultured rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) contained insignificant numbers. Key words: grass carp, anaerobic bacteria, gastrointestinal microflora, Aeromonas hydrophila, rainbow trout, goldfish

A Comparative Study of Purines Responsible for Silvering in Several Freshwater Fishes

1969 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1927-1931 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Eales
Keyword(s):  
Channel Catfish ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Carassius Auratus ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Fish Skin ◽  
Culaea Inconstans ◽  
Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽  
Diverse Species ◽  
Brook Stickleback

The major purines occurring in silvery depositions were analysed for several taxonomically diverse species of freshwater fishes by paper chromatography and ultraviolet-spectrophotometry.Guanine and lesser quantities of hypoxanthine were the only purines found in the skin silvery layers of the channel catfish (Ictalurus punclatus), burbot (Lota lota), brook stickleback (Culaea inconstans), pike (Esox lucius), walleye (Stizostedion vitreum), sauger (S. canadense), goldfish (Carassius auratus), brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), and trout perch (Percopsis omiscomaycus). Possibly both guanine and hypoxanthine generally occur in fish skin silvery layers.In the pike and walleye the purines in the homogenized eye were examined and guanine and hypoxanthine recovered. However, for the swimbladder of pike, walleye, and channel catfish guanine alone was found.

Thermoacclimatory Variation in the Haemoglobin Systems of Goldfish (Carassius Auratus) and Rainbow Trout (Salmo Gairdneri)

1974 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 455-461
Author(s):  
A. H. HOUSTON ◽  
D. CYR
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Carassius Auratus ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽  
Increased Temperature ◽  
Total Haemoglobin

Significant increases in total haemoglobin concentrations, and microhaematocrit values were associated with acclimation of rainbow trout and goldfish to increased temperature. Goldfish held at 2°C were characterized by two haemoglobin components, whereas those acclimated to 20° and 35°C exhibited three. Nine haemoglobin variants were observed in trout at 2°, 10° and 18°C. The data provide evidence that both species selectively alter the concentrations of specific haemoglobin fractions during the thermoacclimatory process.

DEVELOPMENT OF A MINIMUM-ANESTHETIC-CONCENTRATION DEPRESSION MODEL TO STUDY THE EFFECTS OF VARIOUS ANALGESICS IN GOLDFISH (CARASSIUS AURATUS)

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica L Ward ◽  
Sean P McCartney ◽  
Sathya K Chinnadurai ◽  
Lysa P Posner
Keyword(s):  
Carassius Auratus ◽  
Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽  
Anesthetic Concentration
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