Crustacean Zooplankton Communities and Lake Morphometry in Precambrian Shield Lakes

1994 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 2424-2434 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Keller ◽  
M. Conlon
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Maximum Depth ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Small Fish ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
Lake Depth ◽  
Lake Morphometry ◽  
Precambrian Shield ◽  
Zooplankton Communities ◽  
Shield Lakes

To investigate relationships between crustacean zooplankton communities and lake morphometry we sampled 60 near-neutral Precambrian Shield lakes, including many small, shallow lakes. Morphometry-related patterns in the distributions of many zooplankton species were evident. Lake depth determined the occurrence of hypolimnetic species, and lake depth, lake area, and watershed area were positively related to the species richness of zooplankton communities. Among lakes with fish, deeper (maximum depth >8 m) lakes were characterized by greater species richness, higher abundances of a number of species including Daphnia pulex, Daphnia galeata mendotae, Daphnia dubia, and Diacyclops bicuspidatus thomasi, and lower abundances of Leptodiaptomus minutus, than shallower (maximum depth <8 m) lakes. Increased predation pressure by small fish species in smaller, shallower lakes probably influenced the observed species distributions. Lakes inferred to be fishless based on the presence of Chaoborus americanus typically had relatively high abundances of D. pulex, Diaphanosoma brachyurum, and Aglaodiaptomus leptopus, and absences of D. g. mendotae and D. birgei, patterns attributable to intense invertebrate predation on zooplankton.

Long-term trends in zooplankton of Dorset, Ontario, lakes: the probable interactive effects of changes in pH, total phosphorus, dissolved organic carbon, and predators

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 862-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman D Yan ◽  
Keith M Somers ◽  
Robert E Girard ◽  
Andrew M Paterson ◽  
W. (Bill) Keller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Canadian Shield ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Multiple Stressor ◽  
Zooplankton Communities ◽  
Shield Lakes

Time trends in abundance, body size, species richness, and species composition indicate that crustacean zooplankton communities of southern Canadian Shield lakes changed between 1980 and 2003. Total abundance did not decline despite reductions in total phosphorus, but all other metrics changed. Species richness declined in Harp Lake (Ontario, Canada) following its Bythotrephes invasion, but richness increased in three other lakes. Average cladoceran body length increased from 0.6 to 1.0 mm in seven of the lakes, as larger-bodied taxa replaced smaller ones. Correlations with water quality and fish metrics suggest that cladoceran size increases were attributable to many factors: a decline in food availability following declining phosphorus levels increasing the competitive advantage of larger herbivores, a decline in acidity favouring the larger, acid-sensitive daphniids, and reduced risk of planktivory linked to a rise in dissolved organic carbon levels and changes in predation regimes. Zooplankton communities on the Canadian Shield are changing, and these changes are best viewed in a multiple-stressor context. Key anthropogenic stressors have also changed and may do so again if Ca concentrations continue to decline.

Chemical and Biological Changes in Nelson Lake, Ontario Following Experimental Elevation of Lake pH

1977 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.D. Yan ◽  
W.A. Scheider ◽  
P.J. Dillon
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Lake Ontario ◽  
Background Concentrations ◽  
Precambrian Shield ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Zooplankton Communities ◽  
Shield Lakes

Abstract Intensive studies of Nelson Lake, a Sudbury area lake of intermediate pH ~5.7), were begun in 1975. The chemistry of the lake was typical of that of most PreCambrian Shield lakes except that low alkalinities and high sulphate concentrations were observed along with elevated heavy metal levels. After raising the pH of Nelson Lake to 6.4 by addition of Ca(OH)2 and CaCO3, the metals were reduced to background concentrations. Phytoplankton and Zooplankton communities, which at pH of 5.7 were typical of PreCambrian lakes, were not affected by the experimental elevation of lake pH.

Recovery of Crustacean Zooplankton Species Richness in Sudbury Area Lakes following Water Quality Improvements

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 1635-1644 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Keller ◽  
N. D. Yan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Zooplankton Species ◽  
Quality Improvements ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Crustacean Plankton ◽  
Zooplankton Communities ◽  
Plankton Communities

Temporal patterns in the species richness of crustacean zooplankton communities were assessed in eight Sudbury area lakes based on data collected between 1973 and 1986. Excluding a consistently nonacidic reference lake, the study lakes showed general reductions in acidity and trace metal concentrations during this period, related to reduced contaminant emissions from the Sudbury smelters. Despite water quality improvements, several of the study lakes continue to have low pH and elevated trace metal concentrations which have inhibited recovery of zooplankton species richness. However, in lakes with more favourable current pH and lower trace metal concentrations, substantial increases in the average species richness of crustacean plankton communities have occurred, apparently due to both invasion of new species and more frequent occurrence of existing species. These results clearly demonstrate that reductions in acid-forming emissions lead to both chemical and biological improvements in some aquatic systems.

scholarly journals Crustacean zooplankton communities in Chiloé Island coastal lakes (42°S, Chile)

Crustaceana ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricio R. De los Ríos Escalante ◽  
Fatima Kies
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Null Model ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Mineral Concentration ◽  
Crustacean Species ◽  
Organic Carbon Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

The lakes of Chiloé Island have a high dissolved organic carbon concentration (known as “humic”) and show a connection with brackish water. They also display a high species richness of crustacean zooplankton. The aim of the present study is to characterize the potential factors that explain crustacean species richness in Chiloé Island lakes. To that purpose parameters of the abiotic environment were determined. The results of PCA performed on those data revealed the existence of three lakes with high crustacean species richness that are relatively deep, show high nitrogen concentrations, and are located at relatively high altitude. In contrast, there are two lakes with low species richness, high mineral concentration, and situated at low altitude. One of these lowland lakes gives rise to a river effluent to the sea, and it is connected to the other lake; these observations agree with the results of a performed cluster analysis. Nevertheless, the co-occurrence null model analysis revealed the absence of regulator patterns in species associations, which could be explained to the fact that many of the species occur in most of the lakes. These results are markedly different in comparison to Patagonian lakes of Argentina and Chile that have a low crustacean species number.

Lake Morphometry and Light in the Surface Layer

1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Sterner
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
Lake Depth ◽  
Lake Morphometry ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Shoreline Development ◽  
Minnesota Lakes ◽  
Lake Size

Mean irradiance in the surface layer was calculated as a percent of incident irradiance using Secchi depths and thermocline depths for two sets of lakes: (1) 20 nearly circular lakes in northwest Minnesota, USA, sampled at a similar season, and (2) 1140 lakes of heterogeneous shapes in Ontario, Canada, sampled throughout the ice-free season. For both, as lake area increased, the thickness of the surface layer increased. Consequently, lakes larger in area had lower mean irradiance in their surface layer. Lake depth had less influence, but in the Ontario lakes, as depth increased, attenuation decreased, and mean irradiance increased. Lake area (log transformed) explained ca. one-half of the variation in mean irradiance in the homogeneous sampling of Minnesota lakes, while area and depth together explained less of the variation in the heterogeneous sampling of Ontario lakes. Shape, i.e. shoreline development, was unimportant compared with the gross measures of size, area and depth. Mean irradiance is complexly related to lake size; when depth increases slowly with area, larger lakes may have lower mean irradiance in their surface layers. But, when depth increases quickly with area, mean irradiance can be unrelated to area.

The differing crustacean zooplankton communities of Canadian Shield lakes with and without the nonindigenous zooplanktivore Bythotrephes longimanus

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 1307-1313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie A Boudreau ◽  
Norman D Yan
Keyword(s):  
Zooplankton Biomass ◽  
Canadian Shield ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Bythotrephes Longimanus ◽  
Cladoceran Species ◽  
Zooplankton Communities ◽  
Shield Lakes ◽  
Total Zooplankton Biomass ◽  
Harp Lake

The nonindigenous predatory cladoceran Bythotrephes longimanus is spreading rapidly among Canadian Shield lakes, but only one case study of its impacts exists. In Harp Lake, the abundances of several cladoceran and one cyclopoid species fell after the invasion, and far fewer species benefited. To determine if Harp Lake provides typical results, we compared the summer crustacean zooplankton communities of 17 invaded and 13 noninvaded (reference) lakes in Ontario. The communities of the two lake groups differed. Average species richness was 30% higher in the reference (15.3 species) vs. the invaded lakes (11.8 species). Total zooplankton biomass was significantly lower in the invaded lakes, mainly because of lower abundances of all common epilimnetic cladoceran species. As these results were quite similar to those of Harp Lake, it is apparent that current summer zooplankton communities of Canadian Shield lakes with Bythotrephes differ substantially from noninvaded lakes.

Midsummer Crustacean Zooplankton Communities in Acid-Stressed Lakes

1975 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Gary Sprules
Keyword(s):  
Group Analysis ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
Recurrent Group ◽  
Diaptomus Oregonensis ◽  
Daphnia Galeata Mendotae ◽  
Daphnia Catawba ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

The distribution of limnetic crustacean zooplankton species and species associations in 47 industrially acidified lakes of the La Cloche Mountains, Ontario, are examined. pH, which ranged from 3.8 to 7.0, and to a lesser extent lake area and depth are the major determinants of the structure of these communities. Mesocyclops edax, Cyclops bicuspidatus thomasi, Diaptomus minutus, Holopedium gibberum, Diaphanosoma leuchtenbergianum, and Bosmina sp. were common species which occurred over the entire pH range. Tropocyclops prasinus mexicanus, Epischura lacustris, Diaptomus oregonensis, Leptodora kindtii, Daphnia galeata mendotae, D. retrocurva, D. ambigua, and D. longiremis plus some other rare species making a total of 64% of all species found never or rarely occurred below pH 5.0. Polyphemus pediculus, Daphnia catawba, and D. pulicaria were found primarily in lakes with low pH. An increase in the complexity of the zooplankton communities with increasing pH was evident. Above pH 5.0 the communities contained 9–16 species with three or four dominant species; in lakes with pH 5.0 or less the communities comprised one to seven species with only one or two dominants. Compared with relatively unspoiled lakes of similar morphometry in northwestern Ontario (ELA lakes) the La Cloche lakes have unusually simple zooplankton associations, particularly the very acidic lakes. Recurrent group analysis of the La Cloche and ELA lakes indicated that they were both characterized by a single major recurrent group of six species, five of which were common to the two areas. In the La Cloche lakes the group of six species occurred most frequently in lakes with pH above 5.0 although it maintained its integrity even down to pH 5.0. It is concluded that pH has a great effect on these zooplankton communities, primarily in lakes with pH below 5.0 where many species are completely eliminated and even tolerant species become progressively rarer until in some lakes a single species (D. minutus) remains.

Changes in the crustacean communities of Lakes Michigan, Huron, and Erie following the invasion of the predatory cladoceran Bythotrephes longimanus

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 2111-2125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P Barbiero ◽  
Marc L Tuchman
Keyword(s):  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Bythotrephes Longimanus ◽  
Zooplankton Community Structure ◽  
Cladoceran Species ◽  
Invertebrate Predators ◽  
Predatory Cladoceran ◽  
Leptodora Kindti ◽  
Escape Responses ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

The crustacean zooplankton communities in Lakes Michigan and Huron and the central and eastern basins of Lake Erie have shown substantial, persistent changes since the invasion of the predatory cladoceran Bythotrephes in the mid-1980s. A number of cladoceran species have declined dramatically since the invasion, including Eubosmina coregoni, Holopedium gibberum, Daphnia retrocurva, Daphnia pulicaria, and Leptodora kindti, and overall species richness has decreased as a result. Copepods have been relatively unaffected, with the notable exception of Meso cyclops edax, which has virtually disappeared from the lakes. These species shifts have for the most part been consistent and equally pronounced across all three lakes. Responses of crustacean species to the Bythotrephes invasion do not appear to be solely a consequence of size, and it is likely that other factors, e.g., morphology, vertical distribution, or escape responses, are important determinants of vulnerability to predation. Our results indicate that invertebrate predators in general, and invasive ones in particular, can have pronounced, lasting effects on zooplankton community structure.

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