THE ORGANIZATION OF GENETIC VARIABILITY IN CENTRAL AND MARGINAL POPULATIONS OF LODGEPOLE PINE PINUS CONTORTA spp. LATIFOLIA

1979 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. C. Yeh ◽  
C. Layton
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Clinal Variation ◽  
Marginal Populations ◽  
Variation Patterns ◽  
Mutation Theory ◽  
Neutral Mutation Theory ◽  
Made In

A survey was conducted of genetic variation at 25 loci in extracts of individual megagametophytes of lodgepole pine. Collections were made in nine widely separated localities representing four marginal, two intermediate and three central populations. Single populations of lodgepole pine were, on the average, polymorphic at 58.67% of their loci, and had 1.90 alleles per locus. Both expected and observed heterozygosity averaged 0.16. There was a definite trend towards decreased genetic variability at the margins. The measures of gene diversity for the 25 loci showed a 4% but significant effect of interpopulation differentiation; 96% of the total gene diversity resided within populations. Estimated outcrossing rates [Formula: see text] for the nine populations ranged between 0.92–1.29. Comparisons among populations with different levels of outcrossing revealed no clear relationship between [Formula: see text] and amount of genetic variability. The overall pattern of genetic differentiation agrees with expectations based on the neutral mutation theory. However, two loci demonstrated conspicuous clinal variation patterns which may be incompatible with this stochastic model.

Genetic variability among and within closely spaced populations of lodgepole pine

1984 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peggy Knowles
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Front Range ◽  
Genetic Composition ◽  
Genetic Pattern ◽  
Breeding Groups ◽  
Slight Deficiency ◽  
F Statistics

The genetic composition of Pinus contorta var. latifolia as determined by isozyme analysis was assessed and examined at two hierarchical levels; within closely spaced populations and within adjacent subpopulations. Four populations of lodgepole pine consisting of 125 trees each were sampled along an elevational gradient spanning a distance of approximately 2 km in the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains in Colorado. Each population was further divided into five subpopulations. Four isozymes were electrophoretically resolved from needle tissue removed from each tree. Statistics characterizing the genetic structure were calculated including measures of genetic variability, tests of allelic heterogeneity, and F statistics. The results indicate that lodgepole pine has a relatively low level of genetic variation with 44% of its loci polymorphic, an average of 1.33 alleles per locus, heterozygous at 13.5% of their loci, and a polymorphic index of 0.144. Slightly less than 1% of the observed genetic variability resided among the four populations with the remainder residing among the individuals within populations. A slight deficiency of heterozygotes was indicated by the F statistics analysis. Allelic distributions at the subpopulation level indicated that clustering was evident although not a predominant characteristic of the genetic pattern. It is suggested that inbreeding and (or) the pooling of individuals from different breeding groups are likely phenomena contributing to the genetic pattern in lodgepole pine over microgeographical distances.Key words: genetic variability, lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta var. latifolia, isozyme.

Evaluation of mating dynamics in a lodgepole pine seed orchard using chloroplast DNA markers

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael U Stoehr ◽  
Craig H Newton
Keyword(s):  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Variable Number Tandem Repeat ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Male Reproductive Success ◽  
Pollen Dynamics ◽  
Chloroplast Dna Markers

Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) markers were used to evaluate pollen dynamics in an operational lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.) seed orchard. High levels of cpDNA differentiation were obtained using six primer pairs specific to simple sequence repeat (SSR) and variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) loci dispersed around the lodgepole pine chloroplast genome. In 69 orchard parents genotypes, 46 multilocus haplotypes were detected with 31 of these being unique (i.e., having only one orchard parent). The number of variants (alleles) per locus ranged from two to seven with gene diversity levels of 0.44-0.72. Evaluation of wind-pollinated seedlots of 15 selected clones using these markers indicated low levels of selfing (2%) and pollen contamination (5%) but showed evidence of relatively high levels of differential male reproductive success.

Forest structure altered by mountain pine beetle outbreaks affects subsequent attack in a Wyoming lodgepole pine forest, USA

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 2403-2412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Kashian ◽  
Rebecca M. Jackson ◽  
Heather D. Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Mountain Pine Beetle ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Cone Production ◽  
Mountain Pine ◽  
Large Trees ◽  
Pine Beetle ◽  
The 1960S

Extensive outbreaks of the mountain pine beetle ( Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) will alter the structure of many stands that will likely be attacked again before experiencing a stand-replacing fire. We examined a stand of lodgepole pine ( Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm. ex S. Watson) in Grand Teton National Park currently experiencing a moderate-level outbreak and previously attacked by mountain pine beetle in the 1960s. Consistent with published studies, tree diameter was the main predictor of beetle attack on a given tree, large trees were preferentially attacked, and tree vigor, age, and cone production were unimportant variables for beetle attack at epidemic levels. Small trees killed in the stand were killed based mainly on their proximity to large trees and were likely spatially aggregated with large trees as a result of the previous outbreak. We concluded that the driving factors of beetle attack and their spatial patterns are consistent across outbreak severities but that stand structure altered by the previous outbreak had implications for the current outbreaks in the same location. This study should catalyze additional research that examines how beetle-altered stand structure affects future outbreaks — an important priority for predicting their impacts under climate change scenarios that project increases in outbreak frequency and extent.

Incidence of main stem infections of lodgepole pine by western gall rust decreases with tree age

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1314-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter V Blenis ◽  
Wuhan Li
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Precommercial Thinning ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Artificial Inoculations

Infection of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.) by western gall rust has been shown to decrease with tree height and age, but the effects of those two factors have not been separated. Five replicate artificial inoculations were done on a total of 327 trees of different ages in two height classes. Temperature and percentage of spore germination at the height of inoculation, shoot development (stem elongation at the time of inoculation as a proportion of final shoot elongation), main stem leader length at the time of inoculation, tree height, and tree age were measured. Modeled percentages of infected trees and the number of galls per 10 cm of shoot length decreased by 85% and 88%, respectively, as tree age increased between 2 and 10 years, indicating the undesirability of early, aggressive precommercial thinning of lodgepole pine stands in areas where western gall rust is common. By controlling and (or) statistically accounting for inoculum, microclimate, and phenological factors, it was possible to demonstrate that changes in susceptibility with tree age are sufficient to account for the reduction in infection with tree height.

Modeling the effects of fire and climate change on carbon and nitrogen storage in lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) stands

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. H. SMITHWICK ◽  
M. G. RYAN ◽  
D. M. KASHIAN ◽  
W. H. ROMME ◽  
D. B. TINKER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Nitrogen Storage ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

Pathogenicity of postfire ascomycetes (Pezizales) on seeds and germinants of lodgepole pine

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 2368-2371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith N. Egger ◽  
J. W. Paden
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Seed Infection

Forty isolates of postfire ascomycetes (Pezizales) were tested for in vitro pathogenicity on seeds and germinants of lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta Dougl. Two known pathogens, Caloscypha fulgens (Pers.) Boud. and Botrytis cinerea Pers., were included as a check of the method. Caloscypha fulgens was the only fungus that caused serious declines in seed germination, although several species of postfire Pezizales were capable of preemergence seed infection. Rhizina undulata Fr. and Pyropyxis rubra (Peck) Egger were strongly pathogenic on germinants. Pyropyxis rubra was not previously known to be pathogenic. Many isolates were weakly pathogenic on germinants under the conditions tested.

Export of phosphorus and nitrogen from lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) brash windrows on harvested blanket peat forests

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 161-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaki-ul-Zaman Asam ◽  
Mika Nieminen ◽  
Connie O’Driscoll ◽  
Mark O’Connor ◽  
Sakari Sarkkola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Blanket Peat

OBSERVATIONS ON A TRIAL OF BROADCAST BURNING TO CONTROL AN INFESTATION OF THE MOUNTAIN PINE BEETLE DENDROCTONUS PONDEROSAE

1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (6) ◽  
pp. 521-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J. Stock ◽  
R.A. Gorley
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Mountain Pine Beetle ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Dendroctonus Ponderosae ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Direct Control ◽  
Mountain Pine ◽  
Pine Beetle

The mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopk., causes extensive mortality of lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm., throughout western North America (Van Sickle 1982). The Prince Rupert Forest Region, in the northwest of British Columbia, initiated an aggressive beetle management program in 1981. Logging of infested stands, and winter felling and burning of individual infested trees are the most common direct control techniques.The “Bristol Lake” infestation developed in the Bulkley Forest District, approximately 55 km northwest of Smithers, B.C., on a steep rocky ridge within the valley of Harold Price Creek. The area contained large volumes of mature lodgepole pine, and control of the infestation was therefore considered critical to the local beetle management plan, but the size (50 ha) and rough topography of the infested area precluded normal direct control measures.

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