α-AMANITIN RESISTANCE IN THREE WILD STRAINS OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

1982 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Phillips ◽  
J. Willms ◽  
A. Pitt
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Chromosome 3 ◽  
Fungal Toxin ◽  
Wild Strains ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Dominant Genes

Three wild strains of D. melanogaster have been identified which are resistant to normally lethal levels of the fungal toxin, α-amanitin. Dietary LD50s for Oregon-R, the reference strain, and Ama-KTT, Ama-MI and Ama-KLM, the resistant strains, are 1.2, 35, 30 and 10 μg α-amanitin/vial, respectively. Resistance in all three strains is a digenic trait, being determined by two independently acting dominant genes, Ama-1, Ama-2, either of which is sufficient to confer resistance and which are located at approximately 18.8 and 100.7, respectively, on chromosome 3. Resistance to α-amanitin in all three strains is apparently not mediated by modification of RNA polymerase form II nor by failure of toxin transport or by toxin inactivation.

Selection of a BHC-resistant Strain of Drosophila melanogaster Mg

1953 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Oppenoorth ◽  
D. Dresden
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Resistant Strain ◽  
Parent Strain ◽  
Laboratory Strain ◽  
Contact Method ◽  
Resistant Parent ◽  
Reciprocal Crosses ◽  
Wild Strains ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Selection Of

Two wild strains of Drosophila and one laboratory strain were selected for resistance to γBHC by a contact method. From each of these three strains equally resistant strains developed in about the same time. They did not become more resistant after prolonged selection. The resistance obtained was further investigated in one of the strains.There was no evidence of any specificity: the susceptibility of the resistant insects to DDT and “Thanite” also appeared to be less than that of the original strains.Although the strains were selected by a contact method they also showed decreased susceptiblity when the poison was applied to the skin and when it was injected. From the reciprocal crosses F1's were obtained the susceptibilities of which were practically the same and differed little from that of the resistant parent strain. It follows that resistance does not depend on cytoplasmatic heredity and that it is incompletely dominant.

Detection of cytogenetic regions influencing RNA polymerase activity in Drosophila melanogaster by segmental aneuploid mapping

1984 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 682-691
Author(s):  
Jane Willms ◽  
John Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Chromosome Region ◽  
Polymerase Activity ◽  
Gene Location ◽  
Chromosome 3 ◽  
Polymerase Gene ◽  
Related Function ◽  
Rna Polymerase Activity ◽  
Rna Polymerase Gene

In a search for loci with RNA polymerase related function, we have screened the Drosophila melanogaster genome for regions effective in eliciting a dosage response for total RNA polymerase activity using segmental aneuploids generated by the use of Y-autosome translocations. From this screen we have identified a total of six cytogenetically defined regions which elicit significant dosage response: a single X-chromosome region, 9C-11A, within which resides a known RNA polymerase locus and five noncontiguous regions on chromosome 3 with no previously identified RNA polymerase related function.Key words: RNA polymerase, gene location, segmental aneuploids, Drosophila.

scholarly journals CYTOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF CHROMOSOME 3 IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER: THE HOMOEOTIC GENE COMPLEX IN POLYTENE CHROMOSOME INTERVAL 84A-B

Genetics ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas C Kaufman ◽  
Ricki Lewis ◽  
Barbara Wakimoto
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Polytene Chromosome ◽  
Cytogenetic Analysis ◽  
Proximal Portion ◽  
Chromosome 3 ◽  
Gene Complex ◽  
Anterior Portion ◽  
Cytogenetic Evidence ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT Cytogenetic evidence is presented demonstrating that the 84A-B interval in the proximal portion of the right arm of chromosome 3 is the residence of a homoeotic gene complex similar to the bithorax locus. This complex, originally defined by the Antennapedia (A n t p) mutation, controls segmentation in the anterior portion of the organism. Different lesions within this complex homoeotically transform portions OI the prothorax, proboscis, antenna and eye and present clear analogies to similar lesions within the bithorax locus.

scholarly journals THIRD-CHROMOSOME MUTAGEN-SENSITIVE MUTANTS OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Genetics ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 97 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 607-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
J B Boyd ◽  
M D Golino ◽  
K E S Shaw ◽  
C J Osgood ◽  
M M Green
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Genetic Map ◽  
Nitrogen Mustard ◽  
Chromosome 3 ◽  
Methyl Methanesulfonate ◽  
Dna Metabolism ◽  
Genetic Analyses ◽  
Chemical Mutagens ◽  
Complementation Groups ◽  
Biochemical Analyses

ABSTRACT A total of 34 third chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster that render homozygous larvae hypersensitive to killing by chemical mutagens have been isolated. Genetic analyses have placed responsible mutations in more than eleven complementation groups. Mutants in three complementation groups are strongly sensitive to methyl methanesulfonate, those in one are sensitive to nitrogen mustard, and mutants in six groups are hypersensitive to both mutagens. Eight of the ten loci mapped fall within 15% of the genetic map that encompasses the centromere of chromosome 3. Mutants from four of the complementation groups are associated with moderate to strong meiotic effects in females. Preliminary biochemical analyses have implicated seven of these loci in DNA metabolism.

scholarly journals Genetics of Differences in Pheromonal Hydrocarbons Between Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans

Genetics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 143 (1) ◽  
pp. 353-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry A Coyne
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Species Difference ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chromosome 3 ◽  
Apparent Effect ◽  
The Third ◽  
Hydrocarbon Profile ◽  
The Right

Abstract Females of Drosophila melanogaster and its sibling species D. simulans have very different cuticular hydrocarbons, with the former bearing predominantly 7,11-heptacosadiene and the latter 7-tricosene. This difference contributes to reproductive isolation between the species. Genetic analysis shows that this difference maps to only the third chromosome, with the other three chromosomes having no apparent effect. The D. simulans alleles on the left arm of chromosome 3 are largely recessive, allowing us to search for the relevant regions using D. melanogaster deficiencies. At least four nonoverlapping regions of this arm have large effects on the hydrocarbon profile, implying that several genes on this arm are responsible for the species difference. Because the right arm of chromosome 3 also affects the hydrocarbon profile, a minimum of five genes appear to be involved. The large effect of the third chromosome on hydrocarbons has also been reported in the hybridization between D. simulans and its closer relative D. sechellia, implying either an evolutionaly convergence or the retention in D. sechllia of an ancestral sexual dimorphism.

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