The D genome of the Triticeae

1983 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 581-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kimber ◽  
Y. H. Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Metaphase Chromosome ◽  
Meiotic Metaphase ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Triticum Tauschii ◽  
Genome Species ◽  
Relative Affinity

Twenty interspecific hybrid combinations involving wheat D-genome species were made and their first meiotic metaphase chromosome pairing was observed. Optimum values of the relative affinity of the most closely related genomes were calculated. It is possible to divide the species into three clusters: first, Triticum tauschii, T. aestivum, T. cylindricum, and T. ventricosum, in which the D genome has undergone little modification; second, tetraploid and hexaploid T. crassum in which the D genome is somewhat modified; and third, T. juvenale and T. syriacum, in which the D genome is substantially modified.

NEW HYBRIDS WITH D GENOME WHEAT RELATIVES

Genetics ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-515
Author(s):  
Y H Zhao ◽  
G Kimber
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Diploid Progenitor ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Triticum Tauschii ◽  
Relative Affinity

ABSTRACT The cytology of nine new D genome hybrids involving Triticum syriacum, Triticum ventricosum, Triticum cyclindricum, Triticum juvenale, Triticum crassum, Triticum tauschii and Triticum aestivum is described. The calculation of numerical values of the relative affinity and the patterns of chromosome pairing indicate that the D genome in T. syriacum and T. juvenale may have been substantially modified and that of T. crassum somewhat modified from that of the diploid progenitor, T. tauschii.

The relationships of the M and Mu genomes of Triticum

1983 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 509-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kimber ◽  
D. Pignone ◽  
P. J. Sallee
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Meiotic Chromosome ◽  
Preferential Pairing ◽  
Genome Species ◽  
Meiotic Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Relative Affinity

Triploid, tetraploid, and pentaploid hybrids involving M and Mu genome species were examined for meiotic chromosome pairing. Values of the relative affinity of the genomes involved were calculated and it is concluded that there is no preferential pairing of the M and Mu genomes. Consequently it is suggested that the Mu genome of Triticum uniaristatum be changed to Un.

The differentiation between chromosome 7D of Triticum aestivum cv. Canthatch and Triticum tauschii as measured by chromosome pairing

1986 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Penner ◽  
E. R. Kerber ◽  
E. N. Larter
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Homologous Chromosome ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Genome Chromosome ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Triticum Tauschii ◽  
Intraspecific Divergence ◽  
Degree Of Differentiation

Disomic substitution stocks in which chromosome 7D of Triticum aestivum cv. Canthatch was replaced by the corresponding homologous chromosome of each of four varieties of Triticum tauschii were crossed with 'Canthatch' to investigate the degree of differentiation for this chromosome between these two species. These disomic substitutions were also crossed with a 'Canthatch' plant double monotelosomic for chromosome 7D. Three double telotrisomics were produced, one of which had the complete 7D chromosome derived from 'Canthatch', one had 7D derived from the T. tauschii var. typica, and one had 7D from T. tauschii var. strangulata. Analysis of chromosome pairing demonstrated that chromosome 7D from var. typica formed fewer bound arms with 'Canthatch' 7D than did the corresponding chromosome from the other three tauschii varieties. The reduction in pairing between chromosomes 7D of var. typica and 'Canthatch' is greater than that previously reported from intraspecific D-genome chromosome pairing studies within T. aestivum. It is suggested that intraspecific divergence for at least chromosome 7D occurred between var. typica and these other three tauschii varieties before the synthesis of common hexaploid wheat.Key words: Triticum, aneuploidy, chromosome pairing, chromosome substitution.

Cytogenetics of Elymus caucasicus and Elymus longearistatus (Poaceae: Triticeae)

Genome ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 860-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin B. Jensen ◽  
Richard R.-C. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Intergeneric Hybrids ◽  
Cytological Analysis ◽  
Meiotic Behavior ◽  
Pseudoroegneria Spicata ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Elymus Lanceolatus

Two accessions of Elymus caucasicus (Koch) Tzvelev and three accessions of Elymus longearistatus (Boiss.) Tzvelev were studied to determine the meiotic behavior and chromosome pairing in the two taxa, their interspecific hybrid, and their hybrids with various "analyzer" parents. Interspecific and intergeneric hybrids of the target taxa were obtained with the following analyzer species: Pseudoroegneria spicata (Pursh) A. Löve (2n = 14, SS), Pseudoroegneria libanotica (Hackel) D. R. Dewey (2n = 14, SS), Hordeum violaceum Boiss. &Hohenacker (2n = 14, HH) (= Critesion violaceum (Boiss. &Hohenacker) A. Löve), Elymus lanceolatus (Scribn. &Smith) Gould (2n = 28, SSHH), Elymus abolinii (Drob.) Tzvelev (2n = 28, SSYY), Elymus pendulinus (Nevski) Tzvelev (2n = 28, SSYY), Elymus fedtschenkoi Tzvelev (2n = 28, SSYY), Elymus panormitanus (Parl.) Tzvelev (2n = 28, SSYY), and Elymus drobovii (Nevski) Tzvelev (2n = 42, SSHHYY). Cytological analysis of their F1 hybrids showed that E. caucasicus and E. longearistatus were allotetraploids comprising the same basic genomes. Chromosome pairing in the E. caucasicus × P. libanotica hybrid demonstrated that the target taxa contained the S genome, based on 6.1 bivalents per cell. The lack of chromosome pairing, less than one bivalent per cell, in the E. longearistatus × H. violaceum hybrid showed that the H genome was absent. Increased pairing in the tetraploid and pentaploid hybrids when the Y genome was introduced indicated that the second genome in the two taxa was a segmental homolog of the Y genome. The S and Y genomes in E. caucasicus and E. longearistatus have diverged from each other and from those in many of the eastern and central Asian SY tetraploids.Key words: genome, meiosis, chromosome pairing, morphology, hybrid, Triticeae.

Purification and Characterization of the Glutenin Subunits of Triticum tauschii, Progenitor of the D Genome in Hexaploid Bread Wheat

1997 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Vensel ◽  
A. Elva Adalsteins ◽  
Donald D. Kasarda
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Glutenin Subunits ◽  
Purification And Characterization ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Triticum Tauschii

Phylogenetic relationships of Triticum tauschii the D genome donor to hexaploid wheat

1988 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 592-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Lagudah ◽  
G. M. Halloran
Keyword(s):  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Triticum Tauschii ◽  
Genome Donor

Polymorphism and phylogeny of D-genome species of Aegilops L. Based on the results of analysis of the microsatellite loci of the chloroplast genome

2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 148-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Goryunova ◽  
N. N. Chikida ◽  
E. D. Badaeva ◽  
V. A. Pukhal’skii
Keyword(s):  
Chloroplast Genome ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Genome Species

The Nor-D3 locus of Triticum tauschii: natural variation and genetic linkage to markers in chromosome 5

Genome ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Lagudah ◽  
R. Appels ◽  
D. McNeil
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Intergenic Spacer ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Triticum Tauschii ◽  
Intergenic Spacer Region ◽  
Grain Softness ◽  
High Level ◽  
Rna Genes ◽  
Rdna Polymorphism ◽  
Grain Softness Protein

Variation in the intergenic spacer region of the ribosomal RNA genes (located at the Nor locus) was assayed in a collection of 411 accessions of Triticum tauschii from Turkey, USSR, Iran, Afghanisan, Pakistan, and China. Twenty rDNA genotypes were identified and it was demonstrated that T. tauschii accessions from the USSR and Iran have the highest diversity at the Nor locus. At least four of the rDNA genotypes were demonstrated to be alleles of a single major locus, in segregating F2 progeny analyses. The TaqI restriction fragment associated with rDNA genotype 7 was shown to be the same as the Nor-D3a allele present in all bread wheats (based on chromosome location and length of the intergenic spacer region). This genotype was significantly associated with T. t. ssp. strangulata, previously argued to be the donor of the D genome to hexaploid wheat. The Nor locus showed a high level of recombination with the 5SDna-2 locus, which was also located on chromosome 5D. The Nor locus is placed distal to the 5SDna-2 locus but proximal to the grain softness protein gene (XGsp) on the short arm of chromosome 5D.Key words: D genome, Nor-D3, rDNA polymorphism, chromosomal location.

Effect of chromosome 1B, chromosome 6B, and low temperature on the frequency of chromosome pairing at first meiotic metaphase in hexaploid triticale

1983 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-282
Author(s):  
Julian B. Thomas ◽  
P. J. Kaltsikes ◽  
S. Shigenaga
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Meiotic Metaphase ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hexaploid Triticale ◽  
Other Hand

Chromosome 1B in 'Rosner' and chromosome 6B in line 125 both reduced the frequency with which chromosomes were paired at first meiotic metaphase of hexaploid triticale. On the other hand, chromosome 6B in 'Rosner' and chromosomes 1B and 6B in line 110 had no such effect. The 1B pairing suppressor in 'Rosner' was located on the short arm of the chromosome (1Bs). Between 10 and 30 °C, pairing frequency was quite stable in 'Rosner' triticale in comparison with common wheat, although the level was consistently lower in the triticale. Some reduction of pairing frequency was noted at 10 °C in 'Rosner'. This effect of low temperature did not interact with 1B dosage to cause a disproportionate decrease in pairing frequency when plants with high 1B dosage were grown at 10 °C.

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