Evidence that associated soil bacteria may influence root hair infection of actinorhizal plants by Frankia

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 971-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Knowlton ◽  
Alison Berry ◽  
John G. Torrey
Keyword(s):  
Root Hair ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Actinorhizal Plants ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Intimate Contact ◽  
Root Hair Deformation ◽  
Root Hair Infection ◽  
Axenic Conditions

Nodulation of actinorhizal plants (Alnus rubra Bong. and others) by isolated Frankia strains occurred either at a low frequency or not at all under axenic conditions. But nodulation was achieved under nonsterile conditions and four strains of bacteria were isolated which promoted nodulation when plants were inoculated with the bacteria plus Frankia. Four strains of Psendomonas cepacia also promoted nodulation. Root hair deformation occurred when roots of A. rubra were inoculated with these bacterial isolates, or with the bacteria plus Frankia, but rarely or not at all when roots were inoculated with the actinomycete alone. The nonendophytic bacterial strains were not detected within the nodule tissue. It is proposed that the bacterial isolates aid in the infection process at the host root hair surface, by causing root hair deformation; this may allow intimate contact between the Frankia filament and the hair wall.

Frankia spores of strain HFPCgI4 as inoculum for seedlings of Casuarina glauca

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1251-1256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira R. Mansour ◽  
John G. Torrey
Keyword(s):  
Root Exudates ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Root Hair ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Casuarina Glauca ◽  
Seedling Root ◽  
Root Hair Deformation ◽  
Root Hair Infection

Spore suspensions of Frankia strain HFPCgI4 originally isolated from root nodules of Casuarina glauca were studied with respect to their capacity to germinate in vitro in chemically defined media and added root exudates. Spore germination in general was low and prolonged but could be increased by chemical additions to the basal medium and increased further (doubled percentages) by adding suitable dilutions of root exudates from C. glauca seedlings. Spores inoculated directly on seedling roots at 108 spores/mL caused seedling root hair deformation in C. glauca and some root nodulation (35%). Spore inoculation under axenic conditions elicited limited root hair deformation and no nodulation. Evidence is provided showing that Frankia spores of isolate HFPCgI4 serve as effective agents in root hair infection when applied in nonsterile water culture conditions. Seedling root exudates may facilitate the infection process by stimulating Frankia spore germination. Key words: Frankia, nodulation, root hair infection, root exudate, spores.

Root hair deformation in the infection process of Alnus rubra

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 2863-2876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison M. Berry ◽  
John G. Torrey
Keyword(s):  
Root Hair ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Alnus Rubra ◽  
Pseudomonas Cepacia ◽  
Developmental Studies ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Root Hair Cell ◽  
Root Hair Deformation

Structural and cell developmental studies of root hair deformation in Alnus rubra Bong. (Betulaceae) were carried out following inoculation with the soil pseudomonad Pseudomonas cepacia 85, alone or in concert with Frankia, and using axenically grown seedlings. Deformational changes can be observed in elongating root hairs within 2 h of inoculation with P. cepacia 85. These growing root hairs become branched or multilobed and highly modified from the single-tip growth of axenic root hairs. The cell walls of deformed hairs are histologically distinctive when stained with the fluorochrome acridine orange. Filtrate studies using P. cepacia 85 suggest that the deforming substance is not a low molecular weight compound. Root hair deformation and the associated wall histology are host specific in that Betula root hairs show none of these responses when grown and inoculated in the experimental conditions described. The bacterially induced changes in root hair cell walls during deformation may create a chemically and physically modified substrate for Frankia penetration, and the deformation itself may serve to entrap and enclose the filamentous organism, allowing wall dissolution and entry. Thus these events represent a complex host response as a precondition to successful nodulation.

Erratum: Evidence that associated soil bacteria may influence root hair infection of actinorhizal plants by Frankia

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1374-1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Knowlton ◽  
Alison Berry ◽  
John G. Torrey
Keyword(s):  
Root Hair ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Actinorhizal Plants ◽  
Root Hair Infection

Nodulation of actinorhizal plants byFrankia strains capable of both root hair infection and intercellular penetration

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Miller ◽  
D. D. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Root Hair ◽  
Actinorhizal Plants ◽  
Root Hair Infection

Root hair infection process and myconodule formation on Alnus incana by Penicillium nodositatum

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 955-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanine Sequerra ◽  
André Capellano ◽  
Monique Faure-Raynard ◽  
André Moiroud
Keyword(s):  
Root Hair ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Alnus Incana ◽  
Cortical Cells ◽  
Infected Root ◽  
Root Hair Infection ◽  
Polysaccharide Matrix

Penicillium nodositatum infects the roots of alder trees and induces the formation of structures called myconodules, which are similar to young actinorhizae. Root infection of Alnus incana by P. nodositatum as well as myconodule development were studied by light and electron microscopy and observations were compared with those described for the infection by Frankia spp. We have established an obvious homology between the early steps of the infection caused by both microorganisms. The presence of the fungus near the roots induces deformation of root hairs. The infection site is probably localized in a folding of a deformed hair. As soon as hyphae penetrate into the hair, they become enclosed in a polysaccharide matrix. Initially, P. nodositatum colonizes a region near the infected root hair that may correspond to a slightly developed prenodule. Then a nodular primordium is initiated at some distance from the initial contact and the new nodular cortex is invaded by the fungus. The zone of infection is limited to the cortical cells by a barrier of tannins. Myconodules remain small and unilobed and have an outer morphology similar to that of an incompatible Frankia nodule. Key words: Alnus, myconodule formation, Penicillium, root hair infection.

Enzymes involved in legume root hair infection by rhizobia

1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
David John Hume
Keyword(s):  
Root Hair ◽  
Root Hair Infection

STUDIES ON SOME BACTERIAL DISEASES IN OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCES TO TREATMENT

2018 ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Viola Zaki ◽  
Ahmed EL-gamal ◽  
Yasmin Reyad
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Hydropic Degeneration ◽  
Total Prevalence

he present research carried out to study the common bacterial infections in Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) in Manzala area at Dakahlia governorate and possible antimicrobial agents used for treatment. A total number of 400 fish were randomly collected from Manzala private farms at Dakahlia governorate and subjected to the clinical, bacteriological and histopathological examination. The highest prevalence of bacterial isolates during the whole period of examination of naturally infected O.niloticus was recorded for A.hydrophila (22.66%), followed by V.alginolyticus (19.01%), V.parahemolyticus (13.80%), Streptococcus spp. (12.24%), A.caviae (11.72%), V.cholera (10.16%), A.salmonicida (7.55%), while the lowest prevalence was recorded for Klebsiella oxytoca (2.86%). The seasonal highest total prevalence of bacterial isolates from examined naturally infected O. niloticus was recorded in spring (30.21%), followed by autumn (28.39%), then summer (22.40%) and the lowest prevalence was recorded in winter (19.01%). Histopathological findings of the tissue samples which collected from different organs of naturally infected O.niloticus revealed that spleen show marked hemosiderosis and sever hemorrhage, gills showsever congestion of lamellar capillaries with marked aneurysm, necrosis and hemorrhage of lamellar epithelium and liver show sever hydropic degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes, Ciprofloxacin was the most effective antibiotic against all isolated bacterial strains

Biodegradation of organophosphorus Pollutants by Soil Bacteria: Biochemical Aspects and Unsolved Problems

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 126-135
Author(s):  
T.V. Shushkova ◽  
D.O. Epiktetov ◽  
S.V. Tarlachkov ◽  
I.T. Ermakova ◽  
A.A. Leontievskii
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Activity Regulation ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Phosphorus Source ◽  
Glyphosate Herbicide ◽  
Enzymatic Pathways

The degradation of persistent organophosphorus pollutants have been studied in 6 soil bacterial isolates and in 3 bacterial strains adapted for utilization of glyphosate herbicide (GP) under laboratory conditions. Significant differences in the uptake of organophosphonates were found in taxonomically close strains possessing similar enzymatic pathways of catabolism of these compounds, which indicates the existence of unknown mechanisms of activity regulation of these enzymes. The effect of adaptation for GP utilization as a sole phosphorus source on assimilation rates of several other phosphonates was observed in studied bacteria. The newly found efficient stains provided up to 56% of GP decomposition after application to the soil in the laboratory. The unresolved problems of microbial GP metabolism and the trends for further research on the creation of reliable biologicals capable of decomposing organophosphonates in the environment are discussed. organophosphonates, glyphosate, biodegradation, bioremediation, C-P lyase, phosphonatase, degrading bacteria Investigation of phosphonatase and genome sequencing were supported by Russian Science Foundation Grant no. 18-074-00021.

Glycine max NNL1 restricts symbiotic compatibility with widely distributed bradyrhizobia via root hair infection

Nature Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-86
Author(s):  
Bao Zhang ◽  
Mengdi Wang ◽  
Yifang Sun ◽  
Peng Zhao ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Root Hair ◽  
Root Hair Infection

scholarly journals Publisher Correction: Glycine max NNL1 restricts symbiotic compatibility with widely distributed bradyrhizobia via root hair infection

Nature Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-239
Author(s):  
Bao Zhang ◽  
Mengdi Wang ◽  
Yifang Sun ◽  
Peng Zhao ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Root Hair ◽  
Root Hair Infection
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