Ethanol metabolism by the rat heart and alcohol dehydrogenase activity

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 539-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Forsyth ◽  
H. T. Nagasawa ◽  
C. S. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Rat Heart ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Ph Dependence ◽  
Ethanol Metabolism ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
A Minor

Rat hearts perfused with oxygenated buffer containing [1-14C]ethanol metabolized small amounts of the ethanol to carbon dioxide. Very sensitive techniques are required to separate the resulting 14CO2 from the ethanol. This metabolism is not inhibited by levels of pyrazole which markedly inhibit NAD dependent liver alcohol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.1). In vitro studies suggest that NADP functions as a cofactor for the rat heart alcohol dehydrogenase activity of crude heart homogenates. The kinetic parameters, the specific activity, and the pH dependence of the enzyme activity measured in these experiments suggest that it may have a minor role in ethanol metabolism by the rat.

scholarly journals Modulation of alcohol dehydrogenase and ethanol metabolism by sex hormones in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. Effect of chronic ethanol administration

1980 ◽  
Vol 186 (2) ◽  
pp. 483-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Rachamin ◽  
J. Alain Macdonald ◽  
Samina Wahid ◽  
Jeremy J. Clapp ◽  
Jatinder M. Khanna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Ethanol Metabolism ◽  
Ethanol Administration ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase Activity

In young (4-week-old) male and female spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats, ethanol metabolic rate in vivo and hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase activity in vitro are high and not different in the two sexes. In males, ethanol metabolic rate falls markedly between 4 and 10 weeks of age, which coincides with the time of development of sexual maturity in the rat. Alcohol dehydrogenase activity is also markedly diminished in the male SH rat and correlates well with the changes in ethanol metabolism. There is virtually no influence of age on ethanol metabolic rate and alcohol dehydrogenase activity in the female SH rat. Castration of male SH rats prevents the marked decrease in ethanol metabolic rate and alcohol dehydrogenase activity, whereas ovariectomy has no effect on these parameters in female SH rats. Chronic administration of testosterone to castrated male SH rats and to female SH rats decreases ethanol metabolic rate and alcohol dehydrogenase activity to values similar to those found in mature males. Chronic administration of oestradiol-17β to male SH rats results in marked stimulation of ethanol metabolic rate and alcohol dehydrogenase activity to values similar to those found in female SH rats. Chronic administration of ethanol to male SH rats from 4 to 11 weeks of age prevents the marked age-dependent decreases in ethanol metabolic rate and alcohol dehydrogenase activity, but has virtually no effect in castrated rats. In the intoxicated chronically ethanol-fed male SH rats, serum testosterone concentrations are significantly depressed. In vitro, testosterone has no effect on hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase activity of young male and female SH rats. In conclusion, in the male SH rat, ethanol metabolic rate appears to be limited by alcohol dehydrogenase activity and is modulated by testosterone. Testosterone has an inhibitory effect and oestradiol has a testosterone-dependent stimulatory effect on alcohol dehydrogenase activity and ethanol metabolic rate in these animals.

Drosophila alcohol dehydrogenase activity in vitro and in vivo: Effects of acetone feeding

1979 ◽  
Vol 17 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 553-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira Papel ◽  
Melford Henderson ◽  
Jeanine Van Herrewege ◽  
Jean David ◽  
William Sofer
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
In Vivo Effects

The effect of gastritis on human gastric alcohol dehydrogenase activity and ethanol metabolism

2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. St. J. M. BROWN ◽  
J. R. FIATARONE ◽  
P. WOOD† ◽  
M. K. BENNETT† ◽  
P. J. KELLY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Ethanol Metabolism ◽  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Gastric Alcohol Dehydrogenase

Resource Partitioning in Five Domestic Drosophila Species and Its Relationship to Ethanol Metabolism.

1982 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 547 ◽  
Author(s):  
JG Oakeshott ◽  
TW May ◽  
JB Gibson ◽  
DA Willcocks
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Resource Partitioning ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
The Other ◽  
Drosophila Species ◽  
Ethanol Metabolism ◽  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
The Relationship

The distributions of 5 species of Drosophila living in the vicinity of a domestic compost heap in Canberra, Australia, were compared across traps baited with different fruits and vegetables. In both adults trapped directly on the baits and those derived from eggs laid on the baits, D. busckii Coq. made up about 2% of the sample, D. hydei Sturt. about 1% and D. immigrans Sturt. 7%. The overall frequency of D. simulans Sturt. was 80% in the trapped adults but 50% in emergences, while D. melanogaster Mg. represented 9% of trapped adults and 37% of emergences. In both types of collection, the frequency of D. busckii relative to the other species was highest on vegetables, the relative frequencies of D. hydei and D. immigrans were highest on melons and the relative frequencies of D. simulans and D. melanogaster were highest on fruits. Overall, the relationship between the frequency of each species and the ethanol contents of the baits was significant and negative for D. busckii and D. immigrans, non-significant and negative for D. hydei, non-significant and positive for D. simulans, and significant and positive for D. melanogaster. These differences were correlated with differences between the species in alcohol dehydrogenase activity.

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