Observation of particles delayed long times after extensive air showers

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary R. Smith ◽  
S. Standil
Keyword(s):  
Time Delays ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Extensive Air Showers ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Photomultiplier Tubes ◽  
Air Shower ◽  
Large Aperture ◽  
Shower Array ◽  
Air Shower Array

A large aperture, five element cosmic ray telescope was operated in conjunction with an air shower array in a search for long lived particles, delayed between 1 and 45 μs after extensive air showers. After sampling ~ 29 000 air showers with an energy greater than ~ 1014 eV, over a period of 9 months, an excess of 11 such events were observed with time delays in the interval of 1 to 6 μs following the showers. The events in the remainder of the 45 μs interval were consistent with background random coincidences. We estimate that only 1 of the 11 excess events might be attributable to afterpulsing in our telescope photomultiplier tubes. All the excess 'trailing particle' events can be explained as being due to electrons resulting from shower associated muons that stop and decay in the vicinity of the cosmic ray telescope.

Search for tachyons preceding cosmic ray extensive air showers of energy

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (14) ◽  
pp. 1280-1288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary R. Smith ◽  
S. Standil
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Time Spectrum ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Extensive Air Showers ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Air Shower ◽  
Particle Arrival ◽  
Energy Formula ◽  
Shower Array

A search for tachyons preceding extensive air showers has been conducted using an air shower array operated in conjunction with a large aperture, five element cosmic ray telescope. More than 200 000 air showers of primary energy [Formula: see text] were observed over a period of 223 days and a 290 μs period before each of these showers was scanned for a related particle signal from the telescope. In this way a particle arrival time spectrum containing 1519 tachyon candidates was observed. No convincing evidence was found for any subgroup of these events that might be attributable to tachyons.

scholarly journals Investigating the influence of diffractive interactions on ultrahigh-energy extensive air showers

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (26) ◽  
pp. 1850153 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. B. Arbeletche ◽  
V. P. Gonçalves ◽  
M. A. Müller
Keyword(s):  
Phenomenological Models ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Extensive Air Showers ◽  
Ultrahigh Energy ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Hadronic Interactions ◽  
Air Shower ◽  
Cosmic Ray Interactions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Elasticity Number

The understanding of the basic properties of the ultrahigh-energy extensive air showers is dependent on the description of hadronic interactions in an energy range beyond that probed by the LHC. One of the uncertainties present in the modeling of air showers is the treatment of diffractive interactions, which are dominated by nonperturbative physics and usually described by phenomenological models. These interactions are expected to affect the development of the air showers, since they provide a way of transporting substantial amounts of energy deep in the atmosphere, modifying the global characteristics of the shower profile. In this paper, we investigate the impact of diffractive interactions in the observables that can be measured in hadronic collisions at high energies and ultrahigh-energy cosmic ray interactions. We consider three distinct phenomenological models for the treatment of diffractive physics and estimate the influence of these interactions on the elasticity, number of secondaries, longitudinal air shower profiles and muon densities for proton-air and iron-air collisions at different primary energies. Our results demonstrate that even for the most recent models, diffractive events have a non-negligible effect on the observables and that the distinct approaches for these interactions, present in the phenomenological models, still are an important source of theoretical uncertainty for the description of the extensive air showers.

scholarly journals Telescope Array Experiment

2019 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 08002
Author(s):  
Shoichi Ogio
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Fluorescence Detector ◽  
Telescope Array ◽  
Air Shower ◽  
Primary Particles ◽  
Shower Array ◽  
Air Shower Array

The Telescope Array is the largest hybrid cosmic ray detector in the Northern hemisphere designed to measure primary particles in 4 PeV to 100 EeV range. The main TA detector consists of an air shower array of 507 plastic scintillation counters on a 1.2 km square grid and fluorescence detectors at three stations overlooking the sky above the air shower array. The experiment and its recent measurements - spectrum, composition, and anisotropy - is reviewed. Recently the construction of the TA Low energy Extension (TALE) detector, which consists of an additional fluorescence detector and an infill array, was finished. TALE lowers the energy threshold of TA down to 4 PeV. We are also constructing the TAx4 detector to increase statistics in particular at the highest energies. The current status and the future prospects of these new TAx4 experiments is reported.

Development of the Buckland Park Cosmic Ray Air Shower Array for Ultra High Energy Gamma Ray Astronomy

1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Ciampa ◽  
R. W. Clay ◽  
C. L. Corani ◽  
P. G. Edwards ◽  
J. R. Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ultra High Energy ◽  
Gamma Ray Astronomy ◽  
Air Shower ◽  
High Energy Gamma ◽  
Energy Gamma ◽  
Shower Array ◽  
Air Shower Array

AbstractThe Buckland Park air shower array is being developed particularly for use as an ultra-high-energy gamma ray astronomy telescope. The properties of this instrument are described with an emphasis on improvements being made to its angular resolution. Some early data are presented to illustrate the way in which the data obtained will be used.

Predominantly electromagnetic air showers of energy 1014 eV to 1016 eV

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. S72-S74 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kamata ◽  
S. Shibata ◽  
O. Saavedra ◽  
V. Domingo ◽  
K. Suga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Cosmic Radiation ◽  
Progress Report ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Air Shower ◽  
Upper Limits ◽  
Primary Cosmic Radiation ◽  
Shower Array ◽  
Air Shower Array

The Chacaltaya air shower array has continued to be used for the accumulation of muon-poor air showers in an attempt to find evidence of gamma rays in the primary cosmic radiation. A progress report is given here, and some upper limits to the intensities are presented for possible point sources and for galactic and isotropic backgrounds.

scholarly journals OBSERVATION OF COSMIC-RAY ANISOTROPY WITH THE ICETOP AIR SHOWER ARRAY

2013 ◽  
Vol 765 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Aartsen ◽  
R. Abbasi ◽  
Y. Abdou ◽  
M. Ackermann ◽  
J. Adams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Air Shower ◽  
Shower Array ◽  
Air Shower Array
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