Interpretation of in situ test results from the CANLEX sites

2000 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
C E (Fear) Wride ◽  
P K Robertson ◽  
K W Biggar ◽  
R G Campanella ◽  
B A Hofmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Shear Wave Velocity ◽  
Soil Liquefaction ◽  
In Situ Testing ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
In Situ Tests ◽  
Cone Penetration Tests ◽  
Penetration Tests

One of the primary objectives of the Canadian Liquefaction Experiment (CANLEX) project was to evaluate in situ testing techniques and existing interpretation methods as part of the overall goal to focus and coordinate Canadian geotechnical expertise on the topic of soil liquefaction. Six sites were selected by the CANLEX project in an attempt to characterize various deposits of loose sandy soil. The sites consisted of a variety of soil deposits, including hydraulically placed sand deposits associated with the oil sands industry, natural sand deposits in the Fraser River Delta, and hydraulically placed sand deposits associated with the hard-rock mining industry. At each site, a target zone was selected and various in situ tests were performed. These included standard penetration tests, cone penetration tests, seismic downhole cone penetration tests (giving shear wave velocity measurements), geophysical (gamma-gamma) logging, and pressuremeter testing. This paper describes the techniques used in the in situ testing program at each site and presents a summary and interpretation of the results.Key words: CANLEX, in situ testing, shear wave velocity, geophysical logging, pressuremeter.

scholarly journals The use of resistivity and seismic cone penetration tests for site characterization

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Lech ◽  
Marek Bajda ◽  
Katarzyna Markowska-Lech
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Shear Wave ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Shear Wave Velocity ◽  
Site Characterization ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Cone Penetration Tests ◽  
Clay Deposits ◽  
Penetration Tests

The use of resistivity and seismic cone penetration tests for site characterization The use of resistivity and seismic cone penetration tests for site characterization. Recent application of cone penetration tests to geotechnical and environmental site characterization has generated a wide collection of new sensors. This paper presents methods of interpreting geotechnical in situ investigations carried out by electrical resistivity (RCPT) and seismic (SCPT) cones. It contains some fundamental equations and the description of in situ electrical resistivity and shear wave velocity measurements and presents the results of SCPT and RCPT investigations at the experimental Stegny site in Warsaw. The aim of the paper is to present the approach to determination of shear wave velocity and porosity of clayey soils. According to the test results obtained, it can be concluded that both applied techniques are very useful to estimate the distribution of clay deposits and some of their geotechnical parameters.

Influence of particle size on the correlation between shear wave velocity and cone tip resistance

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mourad Karray ◽  
Guy Lefebvre ◽  
Yannic Ethier ◽  
Annick Bigras
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Shear Wave ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Shear Wave Velocity ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Cone Penetration Tests ◽  
Tip Resistance ◽  
Project Data ◽  
Penetration Tests

The construction of the Péribonka dam involved deep compaction of its foundation using vibroflotation and dynamic compaction. Surface wave testing was used, in addition to classical tests (cone penetration tests (CPTs) and standard penetration tests (SPTs)) for the assessment of vibrocompaction. More than 900 shear wave velocity (Vs) and 1000 CPT profiles were obtained. This set of tests performed prior to and following vibrocompaction constitutes an important data bank, used in this study to establish a relationship between normalized shear wave velocity, Vs1, normalized tip resistance, qc1, and mean grain size, D50. Using the Péribonka project data obtained on fairly coarse sands in conjunction with the Canadian Liquefaction Experiment (CANLEX) project data obtained on fine sands has confirmed the significant effect of particle-size distribution on the relationship between Vs and qc. The paper proposes a correlation between Vs1, qc1, and D50 for uncemented and Holocene-age granular soils in continuity with the relation developed by Wride et al. from the CANLEX project.

Soil Liquefaction Evaluation of Offshore Site Based on In Situ Shear Wave Velocity Measurements

2013 ◽  
Vol 405-408 ◽  
pp. 470-473
Author(s):  
Sheng Jie Di ◽  
Ming Yuan Wang ◽  
Zhi Gang Shan ◽  
Hai Bo Jia
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Shear Wave Velocity ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Soil Liquefaction ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Velocity Measurements ◽  
Liquefaction Resistance ◽  
Liquefaction Potential

A procedure for evaluating liquefaction resistance of soils based on the shear wave velocity measurements is outlined in the paper. The procedure follows the general formal of the Seed-Idriss simplified procedure. In addition, it was developed following suggestions from industry, researchers, and practitioners. The procedure correctly predicts moderate to high liquefaction potential for over 95% of the liquefaction case histories. The case study for the site of offshore wind farm in Jiangsu province is provided to illustrate the application of the proposed procedure. The feature of the soils and the shear wave velocity in-situ tested in site are discussed and the liquefaction potential of the layer is evaluated. The application shows that the layers of the non-cohesive soils in the depths 3-11m may be liquefiable according to the procedure.

Estimating the undrained strength of sand: a theoretical framework

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 859-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine E. Fear ◽  
Peter K. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Shear Wave Velocity ◽  
Void Ratio ◽  
Triaxial Compression ◽  
State Parameter ◽  
In Situ Tests ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Undrained Strength

A framework for estimating the ultimate undrained steady state shear strength of sand (Su) from in situ tests, which combines the theory of critical state soil mechanics with shear wave velocity measurements, is presented. For a particular direction of undrained loading, samples of a given sand at a constant void ratio will reach the same Su, despite the magnitude of the initial effective confining stresses. Unique Su/p′ or [Formula: see text] ratios for a given direction of loading exist for a particular sand only if state parameter is constant throughout the deposit. Normalized shear wave velocity, Vs1, can be correlated with void ratio and is therefore used to estimate Su for a given initial state and direction of loading. Strengths in triaxial compression are examined in this paper; however, the same framework can be used to estimate strengths under other directions of loading. The Su–Vs1 relationship is shown to be relatively sensitive and should be used more as a screening tool rather than an accurate means of predicting Su. Vs1 is converted to equivalent values of SPT (N1)60 and CPT qc1, and the results are compared with the current methods of estimating Su. Key words : in situ testing, liquefaction, sand, undrained strength.

Liquefaction performance of soils at the site of a partially completed ground improvement project during the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake in Taiwan

2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1241-1253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Der-Her Lee ◽  
C Hsein Juang ◽  
Chi-Sheng Ku
Keyword(s):  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Construction Site ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
In Situ Tests ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Cone Penetration Tests ◽  
Hydraulic Filling ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Penetration Tests

This paper examines the liquefaction performance of soils at the site of a partially completed ground improvement project at the Chang-Hwa Coastal Industrial Park during the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake in Taiwan. The site is on land reclaimed by hydraulic filling. To meet the need of a planned construction, site characterization was carried out with standard penetration tests (SPTs) and cone penetration tests (CPTs) at 13 locations. Dynamic compaction was later performed to mitigate the potential liquefaction hazards at this site. Before completion of the ground improvement work, the site experienced a major earthquake, the Chi-Chi earthquake (magnitude Mw = 7.6). Evidence of liquefaction was observed in this earthquake in the unimproved area but not in the improved area. After the earthquake, additional site exploration was carried out using SPTs and CPTs. The data from these in situ tests carried out before and after the earthquake and in areas with and without ground improvement are analyzed and the results are reported.Key words: ground improvement, in situ tests, liquefaction, earthquake.

Guidance on Pressuremeter, Flat Dilatometer and Cone Penetration Testing

1986 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Finn ◽  
R. M. Nisbet ◽  
P. G. Hawkins
Keyword(s):  
Cone Penetrometer ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
In Situ Tests ◽  
Cone Penetration Tests ◽  
Cone Penetration Testing ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cone Penetrometer Testing ◽  
Penetration Tests

AbstractBS 5930 provides little guidance on the specification, practice and interpretation of pressuremeter, flat dilatometer and cone penetration tests. This paper describes certain key elements in the successful use of such tests which are frequently overlooked in practice. The different types of pressuremeter available in the United Kingdom are reviewed and the importance of care in the installation of pressuremeters of all types is highlighted. The principles of operation of the flat dilatometer are presented and comments made on the interpretation and application of results. Cone penetrometer testing and the types of equipment available are also discussed. The necessity for frequent and thorough calibration of all testing devices is emphasised and requirements for data presentation and reporting of these in situ tests are indicated.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZING A TROPICAL SOIL VIA SEISMIC IN SITU TESTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 263
Author(s):  
Breno Padovezi Rocha ◽  
Heraldo Luiz Giacheti
Keyword(s):  
Shear Modulus ◽  
Shear Wave ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Shear Wave Velocity ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Site Investigation ◽  
Tropical Soil ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Foundation Engineering

ABSTRACT. The shear wave velocity (Vs) is an important geotechnical parameter to be used in dynamic problems (e.g. earthquakes and vibration problems) as well as in static deformation analysis such as excavations and foundation engineering design. There are several in situ seismic tests to determine Vs such as the crosshole and the downhole techniques, as well as hybrid tests (e.g. seismic dilatometer – SDMT). This paper presents crosshole, downhole and SDMT tests carried out in a typical tropical soil profile from Brazil. Advantages and limitations regarding the test procedures and interpretation are briefly presented and differences observed among Vs determined by these techniques are discussed. Shear wave velocities (Vs) estimated from the crosshole, downhole and SDMT tests ranging from 194 to 370 m/s. The shear wave velocity suggests that the experimental site could be divided into two strata, which are in agreement with soil profile description. The maximum shear modulus (G0) calculated from the Vs by theory of elasticity can be used to show the investigated tropical soil is a typical unusual geomaterial. This article also emphasizes that the SDMT is a useful test for site investigation since it allows a great means for profiling geostratigraphy and soil engineering properties during routine site investigation as well as for dynamics problems. Keywords: shear wave velocity, maximum shear modulus, crosshole, downhole, SDMT.RESUMO. A velocidade de onda cisalhante (Vs) é um parâmetro geotécnico empregado em análises dinâmicas (terremotos e problemas de vibração), bem como em análises estáticas (escavações e projeto de fundações). Existem vários ensaios sísmicos de campo para a determinação de Vs, entre eles as técnicas crosshole e downhole, e os ensaios híbridos (por exemplo, dilatômetro sísmico – SDMT). Este artigo apresenta os ensaios crosshole, downhole e SDMT realizados em um perfil típico de solo tropical do Brasil, as vantagens e limitações dos procedimentos de ensaio e de interpretação são brevemente apresentadas, e as diferenças observadas entre os valores de Vs determinados pelas diferentes técnicas são discutidas. Os perfis de Vs determinados pelas diferentes técnicas variaram de 194 a 370 m/s. A velocidade da onda cisalhante sugere que o campo experimental investigado pode ser dividido em dois horizontes, os quais estão de acordo com a descrição do perfil do solo estudado. O módulo de cisalhamento máximo (G0), calculado a partir de Vs pela teoria da elasticidade, pode ser utilizado para demonstrar o comportamento não convencional do solo investigado. Este artigo também enfatiza que o SDMT é um ensaio geotécnico útil para a investigação geotécnica do subsolo, uma vez que permite a definição do perfil estratigráfico e a estimativa de parâmetros estáticos e dinâmicos de um projeto.Palavras-chave: velocidade de onda cisalhante, módulo de cisalhamento máximo, crosshole, downhole, SDMT.

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