IMPORTANCE OF THE VASCULAR FACTOR IN THE ETIOLOGY OF POSTHISTAMINIC GASTRIC ULCERS IN GUINEA PIGS

1954 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 600-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstanty Kowalewski
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Secretory Component ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Posterior Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Extract ◽  
Vascular Factor ◽  
Vascular Component ◽  
Gastric Hyperacidity

Large doses of histamine cause gastric hyperacidity and ulceration in guinea pigs. Colchicine prevents the hyperacidity but not the ulceration; posterior pituitary extract prevents the ulceration but not the hyperacidity. These findings suggest that the vascular component of the gastric response to histamine is more important than the secretory component for the genesis of histamine ulcers.

IMPORTANCE OF THE VASCULAR FACTOR IN THE ETIOLOGY OF POSTHISTAMINIC GASTRIC ULCERS IN GUINEA PIGS

1954 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 600-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstanty Kowalewski
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Secretory Component ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Posterior Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Extract ◽  
Vascular Factor ◽  
Vascular Component ◽  
Gastric Hyperacidity

Large doses of histamine cause gastric hyperacidity and ulceration in guinea pigs. Colchicine prevents the hyperacidity but not the ulceration; posterior pituitary extract prevents the ulceration but not the hyperacidity. These findings suggest that the vascular component of the gastric response to histamine is more important than the secretory component for the genesis of histamine ulcers.

EFFECT OF POSTERIOR PITUITARY EXTRACT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF POSTHISTAMINIC GASTRIC ULCERS IN DOGS

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 977-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kowalewski ◽  
R. K. Lyon ◽  
G. E. Edwards ◽  
T. K. Shnitka
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Acidity ◽  
Secretory Component ◽  
Microscopical Study ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Posterior Pituitary ◽  
Vascular Component ◽  
Mucosal Lesions ◽  
Comparable Magnitude ◽  
Chronic Ulceration

Prolonged treatment of dogs with histamine resulted in acute and chronic ulceration in Heidenhain gastric pouches in all animals under investigation. Only 16% of dogs given histamine and pitressin developed chronic mucosal lesions in pouches. Gastric acidity and secretion were high and of comparable magnitude in both groups of dogs.These findings suggest that the vascular component of the gastric response to histamine is more important than the secretory component in the etiology of histamine ulcers.Detailed gross and microscopical study of mucosal lesions was performed.

EFFECT OF POSTERIOR PITUITARY EXTRACT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF POSTHISTAMINIC GASTRIC ULCERS IN DOGS

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 977-983
Author(s):  
K. Kowalewski ◽  
R. K. Lyon ◽  
G. E. Edwards ◽  
T. K. Shnitka
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Acidity ◽  
Secretory Component ◽  
Microscopical Study ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Posterior Pituitary ◽  
Vascular Component ◽  
Mucosal Lesions ◽  
Comparable Magnitude ◽  
Chronic Ulceration

Prolonged treatment of dogs with histamine resulted in acute and chronic ulceration in Heidenhain gastric pouches in all animals under investigation. Only 16% of dogs given histamine and pitressin developed chronic mucosal lesions in pouches. Gastric acidity and secretion were high and of comparable magnitude in both groups of dogs.These findings suggest that the vascular component of the gastric response to histamine is more important than the secretory component in the etiology of histamine ulcers.Detailed gross and microscopical study of mucosal lesions was performed.

THE IN VITRO METABOLISM OF MAMMARY GLAND SLICES IN THE PRESENCE OF POSTERIOR PITUITARY LOBE EXTRACTS RICH IN MELANOPHORE-DISPERSING ACTIVITY

1957 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 366-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. BRADLEY ◽  
G. M. MITCHELL
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Incubation Medium ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Gas Evolution ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Posterior Pituitary ◽  
Rats And Mice ◽  
Posterior Pituitary Lobe

SUMMARY Slices cut from mammary glands of rats and mice during gestation and lactation were incubated in vitro in the presence of pig posterior pituitary lobe extracts rich in melanophore-dispersing ('B') activity. Slices taken in early lactation but not during gestation or late lactation showed increased net gas evolution compared with control slices. Similar tissue from rabbits and guinea-pigs did not give rise to this effect, nor did slices of other tissues taken from lactating rats. The increased net gas evolution was not observed in the absence of glucose from the incubation medium. Treatment of the 'B' extract with NaOH or hypophysectomy of the rats prior to use decreased the response.

scholarly journals Comparison of Dehydration and Hydration of two Genera of Frogs (Heleioporus and Neobatrachus) That Live in Areas of Varying Aridity

1958 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 677-684
Author(s):  
P. J. BENTLEY ◽  
A. K. LEE ◽  
A. R. MAIN
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Posterior Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Extract ◽  
South West ◽  
Dry Areas

1. Ability to take up water in response to dehydration and injection of posterior pituitary extract was measured in two genera of frogs, Heleioporus and Neobatrachus, that live in areas of varying aridity in south-west Australia. 2. Species of Neobatrachus from dry areas took up water more rapidly than those from less dry ones. No such correlation could be seen in the species of Heleioporus. 3. No differences could be seen in the ability of any of the animals to withstand desiccation. 4. These findings are discussed in relation to the animals' behaviour in its natural environment.

UROPEPSIN AND PLASMA PEPSINOGEN AFTER THE INJECTION OF HISTAMINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE IN DOSES PROVOKING ACUTE GASTRIC ULCERS IN GUINEA PIGS

1954 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 553-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstanty Kowalewski
Keyword(s):  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Histamine Dihydrochloride ◽  
Endocrine Activity ◽  
Endogenous Histamine

The effect of an injection of histamine dihydrochloride on the endocrine activity of gastric peptic cells in guinea pigs was investigated. The endocrine activity of the stomach was measured by the determination of an enzyme present in urine (uropepsin) and in the blood (plasma pepsinogen). The dose of histamine injected into the animals in this experiment induced gastric ulcers, found in all sacrificed guinea pigs four hours after the administration of histamine. Uropepsin and plasma pepsinogen were significantly increased in the animals treated with histamine. There appeared to be an analogy between the response to histamine and the results obtained by other writers studing the effect of stress and ACTH on the endocrine activity of the stomach. The possibility is considered that the increase of both uropepsin and pepsinogen in stress or after ACTH is mediated by endogenous histamine.

Immunofluorescent Study on Middle Ear Mucosa

1980 ◽  
Vol 89 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 333-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goro Mogi ◽  
Shoichi Maeda ◽  
Noritake Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ear ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Secretory Component ◽  
Direct Immunofluorescence ◽  
Secretory Proteins ◽  
Tympanic Cavity ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Middle Ear Mucosa ◽  
Local Synthesis ◽  
Immunofluorescent Study

To clarify the developmental course of the immunological defense system in the middle ear, immunoglobulin-forming cells of different classes and secretory proteins, such as secretory component (SC) and lactoferrin (Lf), were investigated in the middle ear mucosa of 20 developing and 5 normal adult guinea pigs by use of direct immunofluorescence technique. Changes in the middle ear mucosa were also observed after antigenic challenges directly to the tympanic cavity of 6 developing and 39 adult guinea pigs. IgA- and IgM-forming cells began to appear in the tubal mucosa at the seventh postnatal day, while it was scarcely possible to find IgG1- and IgG2-forming cells in developing guinea pigs. Immunoglobulin-forming cells of all classes increased in the middle ear mucosa after the antigenic stimuli. The injection of antigens to the tympanic cavity of developing animals induced the most striking accumulation of immunoglobulin-forming cells in the middle ear mucosa. Results of this study showed that local synthesis of IgA, as well as other classes, is latent in the middle ear, that the middle ear of immature animals is vulnerable to antigenic stimuli, and that the middle ear of developing animals possesses potential immune responsiveness.

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