Non-hormonal therapy of patients with fibrocystic mastopathy in combination with endometrial hyperplasia

Introduction. The article presents a comparative analysis of the treatment of patients with combined estrogen-dependent pathology of female reproductive system: fibrocystic mastopathy and endometrial hyperplasia without atypia. The experience of treatment with an indole-carbinol-containing drug as monotherapy while using a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system is presented.Aim. To evaluate the clinical efficacy of indolecarbinol in the treatment of patients with combined estrogen-dependent pathology of the female reproductive system.Materials and methods. The authors studied the responses to the treatment of patients with fibrocystic mastopathy and simple endometrial hyperplasia (n = 65) with the indole-carbinol-containing drug at a dose of 400 mg once daily for 12 months. All patients were divided into two groups: Group I (n = 32) – women who refused hormone therapy (indole-carbinol monotherapy); Group II (n = 33) – the use of indole-carbinol while using the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system. Diagnostic methods: clinical and laboratory examination, ultrasound examination of mammary glands and pelvic organs, mammography, nipple discharge cytology at baseline and 6 and 12 months after the start of therapy. Before study group assignment to treatment, all patients underwent hysteroscopy with endometrial biopsy and histological examination. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the data: p-values below 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results and discussion. The presented experience in treating women with combined pathology of the female reproductive system (fibrocystic mastopathy and endometrial hyperplasia without atypia) with the indole-carbinol-containing drug showed high clinical efficacy in mastopathy (relief of mastodynia (83.0 ± 1.6%), improvement of the ultrasound view of BI-RADS (66.1 ± 1.4%), reductions in mammographic density (66.1 ± 2.1%, p < 0.05)), high tolerability and satisfactory compliance. This drug combined with hormone therapy is recommended for the treatment of endometrial hyperplasia.Сonclusion. The use of indole-carbinol in the treatment of benign hyperplastic processes in mammary glands and endometrial hyperplasia is pathogenetically substantiated and shows high clinical efficacy

The role of echography in the diagnosis of diffuse fibroadenomatosis of the mammary glands

Traditional methods of examining the mammary glands do not provide a sufficiently high level of diagnostics of the pathology of this organ. It is necessary to use new techniques, including ultrasound research. Echography has ample opportunities in the diagnosis of various diseases of the mammary glands, and with diffuse fibroadenomatosis it is the preferred method. The author noted the main advantages of an ultrasound study, and also developed quantitative criteria that make it possible to more clearly diagnose pathology and determine the severity of the disease.

Risk factors for dyshormonal benign hyperplasia and breast cancer

Risk factors for the occurrence of benign diseases and breast cancer were studied in a comparative analysis of the survey data of 321 women who were operated on the mammary gland, had an established histological diagnosis and were registered in the oncology offices of the Kursk polyclinics (main group), and 150 women who did not have any clinical , no objective manifestations of breast pathology (comparison group). To study the frequency of dyshormonal hyperplasias of the mammary glands and risk factors in girls, an in-depth preventive examination of 390 schoolgirls aged 13-17 years was carried out.

Dyshormonal dysplasias of the mammary gland in adolescent girls

436 juvenile girls were examined. The results received indicate that dyshormonal dysplasia of mammary glands takes an important place in gynecologic morbidity of juvenile girls (11% of those who consulted a gynecologist). Diffuse forms that can be treated conservatively are mostly diagnosed. The main diagnostic methods in teenagers are palpation and MESUSS. Considering polyethiology of the disease, conservative therapy ought to be complex. To avoid carcinogenic effect of oral contraceptives, they may be used in case of non-complicated heredity, intact liver, and non-complicated course of perinatal period of the girl.

Analysis the Safety and Efficacy at Different Types of Anesthesiological Support During Aesthetic Interventions on the Breast Glands in Ukraine

The aim is to learn the features of aesthetic and reduction surgical interventions on the mammary glands in Ukraine. Materials and methods. The study was conducted by analyzing the inpatient ambulatory cards of 320 patients. Anesthesia was provided by propofol (n=130), sevoflurane (n=140) and combined use of sevoflurane and nalbuphine (n=50). The results of the study. It was found that usage of combined inhalation analgesia of sevoflurane with opioids was characterized by 41.9% less recovery time. It was found that 8 hours after surgery, the individual assessment of pain was lower in the group of combined analgesia with opioids relative to intravenous anesthesia with propofol (87.5%, p<0.05) and inhalation anesthesia with sevoflurane (71, 3%, p<0.05). After 24 hours all patients reported about pain below 1.0 point, however, in groups where sevoflurane and nalbuphine were used, the level of pain self-esteem was 2.61 and 3 times lower than after intravenous propofol. It was found that within 1 hour after surgery, the average cognitive score on the Montreal scale decreased in the group of intravenous propofol by 5.0% (p<0.05) and by 1.7% under inhalation anesthesia with sevoflurane. Under combined anesthesia the cognitive score remained at 12.0 points. The frequency of postoperative nausea was the highest level in the group of inhalation anesthesia - 16.7%. The addition of nalbuphine to sevoflurane significantly reduced the risk of postoperative nausea (χ2=7.250; p=0.007). Conclusions. Combined anesthesia with opioids is a highly effective anesthetic choice for aesthetic and reconstructive interventions on the mammary glands.

Calcarea carbonica derivative complex (M8) as adjuvant treatment of inflammatory mammary carcinoma in a dog

Background: Inflammatory mammary carcinoma (IMC) is locally aggressive, fast growing, highly malignant tumor that affects humans and dogs. Affected dogs usually are presented with generalized edema, pain, erythema, and skin ulceration in mammary glands. Surgery is not recommended and an effective treatment has not been established [1]. Calcarea carbonica derivative complex (M8) has demonstrated anticancer properties in a murine model, by improving innate immune response against tumor cells [2,3]. M8 is a complex high diluted medication comprised of a 10%-20% concentration of Calcarea carbonica, Aconitum napellus, Arsenicum album, Asa foetida, Conium maculatum, Ipecacuanha, Phosphorus, Rhus tox, Silicea, Sulphur, and Thuya occidentalis, all in decimal dilutions of Hahnemann in distilled water and submitted to vigorous shaking. Aim: Describe an association of M8 and piroxicam (Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) to treat a dog with IMC. Discussion: A 7 years old, mixed breed intact female dog was presented to the Federal University of Parana - Veterinary Hospital, Curitiba (HV-UFPR) for mammary glands examination. The owners related inflammation of mammary glands with clinical course of approximately 10 days, which was treated for mastitis (cephalexin and metergoline) without clinical improvement. Clinical examination revealed erythema, increased skin warmth, pain on palpation, and plaque involving the 4th and 5th right mammary glands. Abdominal ultrasound and serum biochemistry were unremarkable. Thoracic radiographs showed suspicious images of pulmonary metastasis. Fine needle biopsy was taken for cytologic examination. Cytological interpretation was a malignant epithelial neoplasm, probably a mammary carcinoma. Diagnosis of IMC was based on clinical signs and cytopathology. Dog was treated with oral (0.5 mL) and topical M8 twice a day for 15 days, and pyroxican, 0.3mg/kg, PO, q24h. Clinical improvement was observed 7 days after starting treatment. Until present date (70 treatment days with M8), dog has no clinical signs of IMC, and does not show signs of disease progression. Conclusion: The present report suggests that M8 associated with piroxicam contributes to improvement of IMC dog’s quality of life and survival rate. However, further clinical studies are needed to evaluate response to treatment in patients diagnosed with IMC.

Oral, topical, and inhalation of Calcarea carbonica derivative complex (M8) to treat inflammatory mammary carcinoma in dogs

Background: Inflammatory mammary carcinoma (IMC) is locally aggressive, fast growing, highly malignant tumor that affects humans and dogs. Affected dogs usually are presented with generalized edema, pain, erythema, and skin ulceration in mammary glands. Surgery is not recommended and an effective treatment has not been established [1]. Calcarea carbonica derivative complex (M8) has demonstrated anticancer properties in a murine model, by improving innate immune response against tumor cells [2]. M8 is a complex high diluted medication comprised of Calcarea carbonica 16x, Aconitum napellus 20x, Arsenicum album 18x, Asa foetida 20x, Conium maculatum 17x, Ipecacuanha 13x, Phosphorus 20x, Rhus toxicodendron 17x, Silicea 20x, Sulphur 24x, and Thuya occidentalis 19x, dilution procedures have followed standard methodology described at the Brazilian Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia. Aims: To describe different routes of M8 administration associated with oral pyroxican (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) to treat dogs with IMC. Methodology: Three female dogs with 10 years old median age were presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital at Federal University of Parana, Curitiba (HV-UFPR) with cytological and clinical diagnosis of IMC. Patients were treated with oral (0.5 mL,q12h), topical (q12h) and inhalatory (2 mL, q24h, through an ultrasonic inhalation device) M8, and oral pyroxican (0.3mg/kg, q24h).Thoracic radiographs showed pulmonary metastasis in all dogs. Results: 7 days after initiating treatment all patients had clinical improvement. It was observed reduction on mammary glands inflammation and decreased pain sensitivity. One patient had 8 month of complete remission. The other two patients died 1 and 2 month after initial treatment. However none of the patients had pulmonary progressive disease, showed by radiographic examinations. Owners revealed treatment satisfaction in regards to quality of life improvement, easy M8 administration, good M8 palatability for dogs, and inflammation reduction. Conclusion: The present report suggests that M8 influenced positively the anti -inflammatory treatment. Keywords: Calcarea carbonica complex; inflammatory mammary carcinoma; routes of administration References [1] Sorenmo K. Canine mammary gland tumors. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice. 2003 33(3):573-96. [2] Oliveira CC, Abud APR, Oliveira SM, Guimarães FSF, Andrade LF, Di Bernardi RP, Coletto ELO, Kuczera D, Da Lozzo EJ, Gonçalves JP, Trindade ES, Buchi DF. Developments on drug discovery and on new therapeutics: highly diluted tinctures act as biological response modifiers. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2011, 11(101): 2-11.

Effect of Streptococcus uberis on Gamma Delta T Cell Phenotype in Bovine Mammary Gland

In this study, we focused analyzing γδ T cells during bovine mammary gland inflammation induced by Streptococcus uberis. A mammary gland cell suspension was obtained using lavage 24, 48, 72, and 168 h after intramammary-induced infection. The proportion of lymphocytes increased during the entire week in which inflammation was present. The γδ T cells were also elevated during inflammation, reaching their peak at 72 h following induced inflammation. The percentage of apoptotic lymphocytes continually increased, with the highest proportion occurring 168 h after S. uberis infection. The results show that γδ T cells may be involved in the resolution of inflammation in bovine mammary glands, with the apoptosis of those cells potentially playing an important role.