Note types and coding in parid vocalizations. III: The chick-a-dee call of the Carolina chickadee (Poecile carolinensis)

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 820-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie L Bloomfield ◽  
Leslie S Phillmore ◽  
Ronald G Weisman ◽  
Christopher B Sturdy
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Communication ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Individual Recognition ◽  
Poecile Atricapillus ◽  
Poecile Carolinensis ◽  
Carolina Chickadee ◽  
Carolina Chickadees

Species of the genus Poecile Kaup, 1829 (the chickadees) are well suited to comparative studies of acoustic communication because their songs and calls occur in similar contexts and are acoustically similar. Here we provide careful, reliable descriptions and spectrographic exemplars for seven note types observed in the chick-a-dee calls of the Carolina chickadee, Poecile carolinensis (Audubon, 1834). The note types include A, C, and D notes similar to those found in the chick-a-dee calls of the black-capped chickadee, Poecile atricapillus (L., 1766), a complex of three B-note subtypes (B1, B2, and B3) and a rare note type previously identified as high-tee-chick. In common with black-capped chickadees, the organization of note types in Carolina chickadees follows a stringent syntax; the position of note types within a call is fixed. In contrast with black-capped chickadees, the chick-a-dee call syntax of the Carolina chickadee includes a B-note complex composed of three acoustically distinct subtypes of B notes, and follows a strict syntax: A→(B1→B2→B3)→C→D. Analysis of call variability suggests that the B-note complex (in particular, the most commonly sung note, B2) and the D note may provide reliable cues for species and individual recognition.

scholarly journals Structure and Dynamics of The Hybrid Zone Between Black-Capped Chickadee (Poecile Atricapillus) and Carolina Chickadee (P. Carolinensis) in Southeastern Pennsylvania

The Auk ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 463-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew W. Reudink ◽  
Stephen G. Mech ◽  
Sean P. Mullen ◽  
Robert L. Curry
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Zone ◽  
Selective Advantage ◽  
Genetic Introgression ◽  
Poecile Atricapillus ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Carolina Chickadee ◽  
Northern Edge ◽  
Historical Accounts ◽  
Carolina Chickadees

AbstractAnalysis of the structure and stability of a hybrid zone can serve as a starting point for examining mechanisms that influence spatial and evolutionary relationships between species. Recent studies of the hybrid zone between Black-capped Chickadee (Poecile atricapillus) and Carolina Chickadee (P. carolinensis) have suggested that genetic introgression is limited to a narrow zone, while also reinforcing the conclusion that the line of contact between these parapatrically distributed species is now shifting northward. We investigated the structure, position, and recent movement of the chickadee hybrid zone in southeastern Pennsylvania. Using selectively neutral microsatellite DNA markers, along with mitochondrial DNA haplotypes, we documented large differences in genetic composition among three populations ≤65 km apart where we sampled large numbers of breeding residents during 1998–2003. Genetic results indicate that the three sites support a population of Carolina Chickadees (Great Marsh), a population in which most individuals exhibit evidence of hybridization (Nolde Forest), and a population comprising mostly Black-capped Chickadees but with evidence of hybridization now taking place (Hawk Mountain). The patterns within the Nolde Forest population suggest that selection against hybrids may not be as strong as has been concluded from studies in other parts of the chickadee hybrid zone. Comparison of mitochondrial and nuclear genotypes between samples collected ≈15 years apart suggest that the northern edge of the hybrid zone shifted by ≈20 km over this interval, with hybridization now occurring as far north as the Kittatinny Ridge and beyond, where only Black-capped Chickadee genotypes were previously detectable. Our data and historical accounts suggest that the hybrid zone, now ≈50 km wide, may have become wider while also shifting northward. These results support the hypothesis that Carolina Chickadees enjoy a selective advantage during hybridization with Black-capped Chickadees, but both the proximate mechanisms and ultimate causes remain to be investigated.Structure et dynamique de la zone d'hybridation entre Poecile atricapillus et P. carolinensis dans le sud-est de la Pennsylvanie

Carolina Chickadee (Poecile carolinensis)

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison M. Mostrum ◽  
Robert L. Curry ◽  
Bernard Lohr
Keyword(s):  
Poecile Carolinensis ◽  
Carolina Chickadee

scholarly journals Reproductive Success Across The Black-Capped Chickadee (Poecile Atricapillus) and Carolina Chickadee (P. Carolinensis) Hybrid Zone in Ohio

The Auk ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 759-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Bronson ◽  
Thomas C. Grubb ◽  
Gene D. Sattler ◽  
Michael J. Braun
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Hybrid Zone ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Genetic Introgression ◽  
Genetic Composition ◽  
Poecile Atricapillus ◽  
Relative Paucity ◽  
Carolina Chickadee ◽  
The Face ◽  
East West

AbstractBlack-capped Chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) and Carolina Chickadees (P. carolinensis) hybridize in an east-west band from New Jersey to Kansas. Within the past century, the Ohio portion of this hybrid zone and the Carolina Chickadee range to the south have been moving northward, whereas the Black-capped Chickadee range has retracted. In Ohio, we characterized the genetic composition of the hybrid zone using five diagnostic molecular loci. Although there was no evidence of assortative mating in the center of the hybrid zone, we found a relative paucity of genetically intermediate breeding females as compared with breeding males. That suggests viability selection against female hybrids, in line with Haldane’s rule. On the basis of reproductive variables (number of nestlings, reproductive success), we found a decrease in productivity of breeding pairs in the hybrid zone that is significantly and positively related to their probability of producing homozygous offspring at each autosomal or sex-linked locus. We also found that the decrease in productivity was significantly and positively related to the genetic composition of the male of the pair (i.e. pure male chickadees more productive). These data strongly suggest that hybrids are at a selective disadvantage. Because the zone of reduced reproductive success was considerably narrower than the zone of introgression, our results demonstrate that genetic introgression is occurring in the face of substantial selection against hybrids.Éxito Reproductivo a través de la Zona de Hibridación de Poecile atricapillus y P. carolinensis en Ohio

Note types and coding in parid vocalizations. I: The chick-a-dee call of the black-capped chickadee (Poecile atricapillus)

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 769-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Charrier ◽  
Laurie L Bloomfield ◽  
Christopher B Sturdy
Keyword(s):  
Individual Recognition ◽  
Individual Identity ◽  
Acoustic Cues ◽  
Acoustic Features ◽  
Poecile Atricapillus ◽  
Type Composition ◽  
Bioacoustic Analysis ◽  
Perceptual Abilities ◽  
Individual Specificity ◽  
Winter Flocks

The chick-a-dee call of the black-capped chickadee, Poecile atricapillus (L., 1766), consists of four note types and is used in a wide variety of contexts including mild alarm, contact between mates, and for mobilizing members of winter flocks. Because note-type composition varies with context and because birds need to identify flock mates and individuals by their calls, it is important that birds are able to discriminate between note types and birds. Moreover, previous experiments have shown that black-capped chickadees are able to discriminate their four note types, but the acoustical basis of this process is still unknown. Here, we present the results of a bioacoustic analysis that suggests which acoustic features may be controlling the birds' perception of note types and of individual identity. Several acoustic features show high note type and individual specificity, but frequency and frequency modulation cues (in particular, those of the initial part of the note) appear more likely to be used in these processes. However, only future experiments testing the bird's perceptual abilities will determine which acoustic cues in particular are used in the discrimination of note types and in individual recognition.

scholarly journals Carolina chickadee (Poecile carolinensis) calling behavior in response to threats and in flight: Flockmate familiarity matters.

2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittany A. Coppinger ◽  
Anasthasia Sanchez de Launay ◽  
Todd M. Freeberg
Keyword(s):  
Calling Behavior ◽  
Poecile Carolinensis ◽  
Carolina Chickadee
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