The influence of stream size on the food quality of seston

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 1995-2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Naiman
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Food Quality ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Fine Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio

During 1979 and 1980, seston was investigated for food quality in five Quebec streams ranging in size from first to ninth order. Course particulate organic matter (CPOM; > 1 mm), fine particulate organic matter (FPOM; 53 μm – 1 mm), and very fine particulate organic matter (VPOM; 0.5–53 μm) were examined for the percentage of organic matter, the carbon to nitrogen ratio, the amount of chlorophyll a, the respiration rate of associated microbes, and the nature of the particles. The percentage of organic matter ranged from 42 to 64% for CPOM, 21 to 35% for FPOM, and 32 to 82% for VPOM. The majority of chlorophyll was associated with FPOM and CPOM, but chlorophyll-bearing particles constituted only 6–34% ([Formula: see text]) of the seston load. Highest respiration rates ([Formula: see text] mg O2∙g ash-free dry mass−1∙h−1) were associated with VPOM, nearly an order of magnitude greater than mean rates associated with FPOM or CPOM. Carbon to nitrogen ratios decreased with particle size, and the lowest ratios and highest percentage of nitrogen were found in the large rivers. Electron microscopy indicated a more diverse array of particles downstream. The results suggest that seston undergoes rapid and directed changes in food quality as particles move downstream.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF HYDROLOGIC FLUCTUATIONS ON THE TRANSPORT OF FINE PARTICULATE ORGANIC MATTER IN THE NANAKITA RIVER

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 1519-1524
Author(s):  
Sitang PILAILAR ◽  
Takashi SAKAMAKI ◽  
Yuko HARA ◽  
Norihiro IZUMI ◽  
Hitoshi TANAKA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Fine Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Fine Particulate

scholarly journals Spatially Varying Trophic Effects of Reservoir-Derived Plankton on Stream Macroinvertebrates Among Heterogeneous Habitats Within Reaches

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinji Takahashi ◽  
Yasuhiro Takemon ◽  
Tatsuo Omura ◽  
Kozo Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
List Type ◽  
Fine Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Heterogeneous Habitats ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Stream Macroinvertebrates ◽  
Lotic Habitats ◽  
Filter Feeders ◽  
Trophic Impact

SummaryDam reservoirs often supply high amounts of plankton to downstream reaches, leading to a critical shift of trophic origins of stream ecosystems from natural sources (e.g. attached algae and terrestrial inputs) to reservoir-oriented plankton. Although this is a widely observed phenomenon, previous studies focused only on lotic habitats (e.g. riffles) rather than lentic habitats such as backwaters and isolated ponds (IP).Using a stable isotope three-source mixing model, we evaluated trophic contributions of reservoir-derived plankton, epilithon and terrestrial leaves to stream macroinvertebrates at four dam outlet reaches and two reference reaches in the Natori River catchment, Japan. We compared four different habitat types co-occurring within the reaches: lotic habitat (riffle and pool), bar-head (BH) lentic habitat, bar-tail (BT) lentic habitat (backwater) and isolated pond (IP) on sandy bars.The trophic contributions of reservoir-derived plankton were significantly lower in lentic habitats (BH, 15.4%; BT, 10.4%; IP, 9.1%) than in lotic habitats (mean, 27.7%). This was especially notable for filter feeders that feed on suspended fine particulate organic matter (SFPOM). The three-source model analysis indicated a lower biomass proportion of dam plankton in lentic SFPOM (mean, 21.2%) than in lotic SFPOM (mean, 35.6%). This difference in SFPOM composition was reflected in the lower trophic contribution of dam plankton to lentic filter feeders.The abundance ratio of filter feeders in the community was decreased in lentic habitats, while the abundance ratios of collector-gatherers, scrapers and shredders were increased. Macroinvertebrates in lentic habitats fed on sources less mixed with reservoir-derived plankton (e.g. benthic coarse particulate organic matter [BCPOM], benthic fine particulate organic matter [BFPOM] and epilithon); therefore, the trophic impact of reservoirs was indistinctive at the community level, indicating that lentic habitats can function as trophic refugia to mitigate the trophic impact of reservoirs.Because lentic habitats were decreased in area (accounting for 5.7% of average total area) in the downstream reaches of dams due to riverbed degradation, lentic habitats must be created in order to restore the trophic impact of reservoirs in river ecosystems.

scholarly journals Coarse and Fine Particulate Organic Matter Transport by a Fourth-Order Mountain Stream to Lake Bourget (France)

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 2783
Author(s):  
Jérémie Gaillard ◽  
Vincent Chanudet ◽  
Guillaume Cunillera ◽  
Etienne Dambrine
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Mountain Stream ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Fine Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Litter Accumulation ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Matter Transport ◽  
Lakes And Reservoirs ◽  
Lake Bourget

Transport of coarse particulate organic matter (CPOM) derived from forest litterfall has been hardly studied in rivers, unlike fine particulate organic matter (FPOM) or dissolved organic matter (DOM). Yet, many rivers are dammed or run into lakes, and there is growing evidence that CPOM accumulation in river delta participates substantially in ecological processes such as greenhouse gas emissions of lakes and reservoirs. We investigated the transport of CPOM and FPOM by the Leysse River (discharge from 0.2 to 106 m3 s−1) to Lake Bourget (France) in relation to aerial litter deposition, river network length, and discharge. Over a 19-month study period, the volume-weighted mean CPOM and FPOM concentrations were 1.3 and 7.7 g m−3, respectively. Most CPOM and FPOM transport occurred during major flood events, and there were power relationships between maximum discharge and particulate organic matter (POM) transport during these events. The annual export of CPOM (190 t AFDM) was 85% of the litter accumulation in autumn on permanent sections of the riverbed (224 t AFDM), which suggests that export is a major process compared to breakdown. Export of CPOM was 1.25 t yr−1 km−2 of the forested catchment area. This study highlights the need to account for long-range CPOM transport to describe the fate of litter inputs to streams and to quantify the organic matter input and processing in lakes and reservoirs.

Transport dynamics of fine particulate organic matter in two Idaho streams

1993 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1101-1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colbert E. Cushing ◽  
G. Wayne Minshall ◽  
J. Denis Newbold
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Fine Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Transport Dynamics ◽  
Fine Particulate
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