SYMMETRY INDUCED HETEROCLINIC CYCLES IN A CO2 LASER

The conditions for the existence of heteroclinic connections between the transverse modes of a CO 2 laser whose setup has a perfect cylindrical symmetry are discussed by symmetry arguments for the cases of three, four and five interacting modes. Explicit conditions for the parameters are derived, which can guide observation of such phenomena.

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Transverse modes of RF–excited circular waveguide CO2 laser

Advanced Computational and Design Techniques in Applied Electromagnetic Systems - Elsevier Studies in Applied Electromagnetics in Materials ◽

10.1016/b978-0-444-82139-3.50149-x ◽

1995 ◽

pp. 571-574

Author(s):

J.H. Song ◽

D. Park

Keyword(s):

Co2 Laser ◽

Circular Waveguide ◽

Transverse Modes

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Measurement and analysis of the characteristics of transverse modes of a sealed-off He-N2-CO2 laser

Acta Physica Sinica ◽

10.7498/aps.58.5423 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 58 (8) ◽

pp. 5423

Author(s):

Wang Wen-Peng ◽

Xu Zhou-Su ◽

Xu Jun ◽

Chen Gang

Keyword(s):

Co2 Laser ◽

Transverse Modes ◽

Measurement And Analysis

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Self mode-locking of the transverse modes in the CO2 laser oscillation

Optics Communications ◽

10.1016/0030-4018(69)90008-x ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 61-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hiromasa Ito ◽

Humio Inaba

Keyword(s):

Co2 Laser ◽

Mode Locking ◽

Laser Oscillation ◽

Transverse Modes

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Polarization states and dynamics of the lowest order transverse modes in a Fabry-Pérot CO2 laser

Optics Communications ◽

10.1016/s0030-4018(96)00422-1 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 133 (1-6) ◽

pp. 507-516 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

C. Taggiasco ◽

R. Meucci ◽

M. Ciofini ◽

N.B. Abraham

Keyword(s):

Co2 Laser ◽

Transverse Modes ◽

Fabry Perot ◽

Polarization States

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Measurement and numerical simulation of transverse modes in high power transverseflow CO2 laser with tubeplate electrodes

High Power Laser and Particle Beams ◽

10.3788/hplpb20132502.0319 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 319-324

Author(s):

许周速 Xu Zhousu ◽

程成 Cheng Cheng ◽

姚建华 Yao Jianhua

Keyword(s):

Numerical Simulation ◽

Co2 Laser ◽

High Power ◽

Transverse Flow ◽

Tube Plate ◽

Transverse Modes ◽

Transverse Flow Co2 Laser

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Probe size and 5th-order aberration

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100125609 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 45 ◽

pp. 134-135 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zhifeng Shao

Keyword(s):

Electron Probe ◽

Spherical Aberration ◽

Wave Length ◽

Cylindrical Symmetry ◽

Electron Wave ◽

Third Order ◽

The Third ◽

Probe Radius ◽

Small Probe ◽

Probe Size

A small electron probe has many applications in many fields and in the case of the STEM, the probe size essentially determines the ultimate resolution. However, there are many difficulties in obtaining a very small probe.Spherical aberration is one of them and all existing probe forming systems have non-zero spherical aberration. The ultimate probe radius is given byδ = 0.43Csl/4ƛ3/4where ƛ is the electron wave length and it is apparent that δ decreases only slowly with decreasing Cs. Scherzer pointed out that the third order aberration coefficient always has the same sign regardless of the field distribution, provided only that the fields have cylindrical symmetry, are independent of time and no space charge is present. To overcome this problem, he proposed a corrector consisting of octupoles and quadrupoles.

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