STRUCTURAL PRINCIPLES FOR COMPLEX DYNAMICS IN GLASS NETWORKS

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (01) ◽  
pp. 237-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
LINGHONG LU ◽  
RODERICK EDWARDS
Keyword(s):  
Gene Networks ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
State Transition ◽  
Complex Dynamics ◽  
Piecewise Linear ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
The State ◽  
Complex Behavior ◽  
Transition Diagram ◽  
State Transition Diagram

Gene-regulatory networks are potentially capable of more complex behavior than convergence to a stationary state, or even cycling through a simple sequence of expression patterns. The analysis of qualitative dynamics for these networks is facilitated by using piecewise-linear equations and its state transition diagram (an n-dimensional hypercube, in the case of n genes with a single effective threshold for the protein product of each). Our previous work has dealt with cycles of states in the state transition diagram that allow periodic solutions. Here, we study a particular kind of figure-8 pattern in the state transition diagram and determine conditions that allow complex behavior. Previous studies of complex behavior, such as chaos, in such networks have dealt only with specific examples. Our approach allows an appreciation of the design principles that give rise to complex dynamics, which may have application in assessing the dynamical possibilities of gene networks with poorly known parameters, or for synthesis or control of gene networks with complex behavior.

The State Transition Diagram

2012 ◽  
pp. 153-157
Author(s):  
Saul Greenberg ◽  
Sheelagh Carpendale ◽  
Nicolai Marquardt ◽  
Bill Buxton
Keyword(s):  
State Transition ◽  
The State ◽  
Transition Diagram ◽  
State Transition Diagram

scholarly journals Characterization of the Evolution of Nonlinear Uniform Cellular Automata in the Light of Deviant States

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pabitra Pal Choudhury ◽  
Sudhakar Sahoo ◽  
Mithun Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Boolean Functions ◽  
State Transition ◽  
The State ◽  
Transition Diagram ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
State Transition Diagram ◽  
Linear Rule

Dynamics of a nonlinear cellular automaton (CA) is, in general asymmetric, irregular, and unpredictable as opposed to that of a linear CA, which is highly systematic and tractable, primarily due to the presence of a matrix handle. In this paper, we present a novel technique of studying the properties of the State Transition Diagram of a nonlinear uniform one-dimensional cellular automaton in terms of its deviation from a suggested linear model. We have considered mainly elementary cellular automata with neighborhood of size three, and, in order to facilitate our analysis, we have classified the Boolean functions of three variables on the basis of number and position(s) of bit mismatch with linear rules. The concept of deviant and nondeviant states is introduced, and hence an algorithm is proposed for deducing the State Transition Diagram of a nonlinear CA rule from that of its nearest linear rule. A parameter called the proportion of deviant states is introduced, and its dependence on the length of the CA is studied for a particular class of nonlinear rules.

TEST SCENARIO GENERATION BASED ON FORMAL SPECIFICATION AND USAGE PROFILE

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 185-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAI H. CHANG ◽  
SHIH-SUNG LIAO ◽  
RICHARD CHAPMAN ◽  
CHUN-YU CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Formal Specification ◽  
State Transition ◽  
Object Oriented ◽  
The State ◽  
State Model ◽  
Scenario Generation ◽  
Formal Specifications ◽  
Test Scenario ◽  
Transition Diagram ◽  
State Transition Diagram

This paper presents a method for test scenario generation based on formal specifications and usage profiles. It is a major component of a framework for testing object-oriented programs. In this framework, the requirements of a software system are formally specified. The anticipated application of the system is expressed in a usage profile, which is a state model that indicates the dynamic behavior of the system and execution probabilities for the behaviors. The state model is used as a guide to derive the anticipated operation scenarios. An enhanced state transition diagram is used to represent the state model, which incorporates hierarchy, usage and parameter information. Since the number of feasible scenarios can be extremely large, probability and importance criteria are used to select the most probable and important scenarios.

scholarly journals Simplification of State Transition Diagrams in Average Unavailability Analysis by Using Generalized Perturbation Theory

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Vicente ◽  
F. C. Silva ◽  
P. F. Frutuoso e Melo ◽  
A. C. M. Alvim
Keyword(s):  
Perturbation Theory ◽  
System Reliability ◽  
State Transition ◽  
The State ◽  
Transition Diagram ◽  
State Transition Diagram ◽  
Component Systems ◽  
Generalized Perturbation Theory ◽  
Integral Quantity ◽  
The Mean

Safety analysis studies in nuclear engineering, more specifically system reliability, usually handle a great number of components, so that computational difficulties may arise. To face the problem of many component systems a method for simplifying the state transition diagram in Markovian reliability analyses has been proposed, using the edges which can be cut, since these latter have a smaller influence on system failure probability. In order to extend the application of GPT (Generalized Perturbation Theory), this work uses GPT formalism to reduce the number of states in a transition diagram, not considering the state probability as the integral quantity of interest, but the mean system unavailability instead. Therefore, after simplifying the original diagram, the mean unavailability for the new system was calculated and the results were very close to those of the original diagram integral quantity (giving a relative error of about 2%), showing that the proposed simplification is quite reasonable and simple to apply.

The Study of the Multi-Sensors’ Reliability on the AMB System of HTR-10GT

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Zhou ◽  
Ni Mo ◽  
ZhenGang Shi ◽  
GuoJun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Transition Matrix ◽  
State Transition ◽  
The State ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Active Magnetic Bearings ◽  
Transition Diagram ◽  
Single Degree ◽  
Speed Sensor ◽  
State Transition Diagram ◽  
Amb System

This article uses the Markov process to analyze the displacement redundant unit on the active magnetic bearings (AMB) system in HTR-10GT, especially on the aspects of the reliability, redundancy and maintenance issues. The reliability mathematical model is established, and the state transition diagram and the state transition matrix are deduced under the different conditions, furthermore the expression on reliability of the displacement redundant sensors is given. According to the different failure rate of single degree speed sensor, the curve about the measurement unit reliability versus time is calculated. The method mentioned above provides a new and practical approach to improve the reliability of the system and to optimize the displacement measurement redundant unit, which also can to be as a guiding role for the fault diagnosis of system.

scholarly journals Single cell RNA-seq reveals genes vital to in vitro fertilized embryos and parthenotes in pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Qiang Du ◽  
Hao Liang ◽  
Xiao-Man Liu ◽  
Yun-Hua Liu ◽  
Chonglong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Gene Networks ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Specific Factor ◽  
Early Embryos ◽  
Genome Activation

AbstractSuccessful early embryo development requires the correct reprogramming and configuration of gene networks by the timely and faithful execution of zygotic genome activation (ZGA). However, the regulatory principle of molecular elements and circuits fundamental to embryo development remains largely obscure. Here, we profiled the transcriptomes of single zygotes and blastomeres, obtained from in vitro fertilized (IVF) or parthenogenetically activated (PA) porcine early embryos (1- to 8-cell), focusing on the gene expression dynamics and regulatory networks associated with maternal-to-zygote transition (MZT) (mainly maternal RNA clearance and ZGA). We found that minor and major ZGAs occur at 1-cell and 4-cell stages for both IVF and PA embryos, respectively. Maternal RNAs gradually decay from 1- to 8-cell embryos. Top abundantly expressed genes (CDV3, PCNA, CDR1, YWHAE, DNMT1, IGF2BP3, ARMC1, BTG4, UHRF2 and gametocyte-specific factor 1-like) in both IVF and PA early embryos identified are of vital roles for embryo development. Differentially expressed genes within IVF groups are different from that within PA groups, indicating bi-parental and maternal-only embryos have specific sets of mRNAs distinctly decayed and activated. Pathways enriched from DEGs showed that RNA associated pathways (RNA binding, processing, transport and degradation) could be important. Moreover, mitochondrial RNAs are found to be actively transcribed, showing dynamic expression patterns, and for DNA/H3K4 methylation and transcription factors as well. Taken together, our findings provide an important resource to investigate further the epigenetic and genome regulation of MZT events in early embryos of pigs.

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