scholarly journals Information Entropy as a Measure of the Quality of a Nuclear Density Distribution

1998 ◽  
Vol 07 (04) ◽  
pp. 485-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Lalazissis ◽  
S. E. Massen ◽  
C. P. Panos ◽  
S. S. Dimitrova
Keyword(s):  
Density Distribution ◽  
Phenomenological Models ◽  
Information Entropy ◽  
Mean Field ◽  
Nuclear Density ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Momentum Distributions ◽  
Field Approaches ◽  
Best Fit

The information entropy of a nuclear density distribution is calculated for a number of nuclei. Various phenomenological models for the density distribution using different geometries are employed. Nuclear densities calculated within various microscopic mean field approaches are also employed. It turns out that the entropy increases from crude phenomenological models to more sophisticated (microscopic) ones. It is concluded that the larger the information entropy, the better the quality of the nuclear density distribution. An alternative approach is also examined: the net information content, i.e. the sum of information entropies in position and momentum space Sr+Sk. It is indicated that Sr+Sk is a maximum, when the best fit to experimental data of the density and momentum distributions is attained.

scholarly journals INFORMATION ENTROPY AND NUCLEON CORRELATIONS IN NUCLEI

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (08) ◽  
pp. 1251-1266 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. MASSEN ◽  
V. P. PSONIS ◽  
A. N. ANTONOV
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Harmonic Oscillator ◽  
Electron Scattering ◽  
Information Entropy ◽  
Linear Relation ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Harmonic Oscillator Model ◽  
Momentum Distributions ◽  
The Mean

We evaluated the information entropies in coordinate and momentum spaces and their sum (Sr, Sk, S) for many nuclei using "experimental" densities or/and momentum distributions. The results are compared with the harmonic oscillator model and with the short-range correlated distributions. Suppose A is the number of nuclei, it is found that Sr depends strongly on ln A and does not depend very much on the model. The behavior of Sk is the opposite. The various cases that we consider can be classified according to either the quantity of the experimental data that we use or by the values of S, i.e., the increase in the quality of the density and in the momentum distributions leads to an increase in the values of S. In all cases, apart from the linear relation S=a+b ln A, the linear relation S=aV+bV ln V also holds. V is the mean volume of the nucleus. If S is considered as an ensemble entropy, a relation between A or V and the ensemble volume can be found. Finally, comparing many different electron scattering experiments for the same nucleus, we found that the larger the momentum transfer ranges, the larger the information entropy is. It is concluded that S might be used to compare different experiments for the same nucleus, and to choose the most reliable one.

Animal Models and Alternatives in the Quality Control of Vaccines: Are In Vitro Methods or In Vivo Methods the Scientific Equivalent of the Emperor's New Clothes?

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-73
Author(s):  
Coenraad Hendriksen ◽  
Johan van der Gun
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Inactivated Vaccines ◽  
Vitro Test

In the quality control of vaccine batches, the potency testing of inactivated vaccines is one of the areas requiring very large numbers of animals, which usually suffer significant distress as a result of the experimental procedures employed. This article deals with the potency testing of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids, two vaccines which are used extensively throughout the world. The relevance of the potency test prescribed by the European Pharmacopoeia monographs is questioned. The validity of the potency test as a model for the human response, the ability of the test to be standardised, and the relevance of the test in relation to the quality of the product are discussed. It is concluded that the potency test has only limited predictive value for the antitoxin responses to be expected in recipients of these toxoids. An alternative approach for estimating the potency of toxoid batches is discussed, in which a distinction is made between estimation of the immunogenic potency of the first few batches obtained from a seed lot and monitoring the consistency of the quality of subsequent batches. The use of animals is limited to the first few batches. Monitoring the consistency of the quality of subsequent batches is based on in vitro test methods. Factors which hamper the introduction and acceptance of the alternative approach are considered. Finally, proposals are made for replacement, reduction and/or refinement (the Three Rs) in the use of animals in the routine potency testing of toxoids.

Nuclear Density Distribution Feature for Improving Cervical Histopathological Images Recognition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuangzhuang Wang ◽  
Mengning Yang ◽  
Yangfan Lyu ◽  
Kairun Chen ◽  
Qicheng Tang
Keyword(s):  
Density Distribution ◽  
Nuclear Density ◽  
Histopathological Images ◽  
Images Recognition

Potentiality of Mean-Field Approaches for Recrystallisation: Characterization of the Deformed State of Polycrystals

2004 ◽  
Vol 467-470 ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rénald Brenner ◽  
O. Castelnau ◽  
Brigitte Bacroix
Keyword(s):  
Mean Field ◽  
Mechanical State ◽  
Microstructural Parameters ◽  
Deformed State ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Field Approaches

The description of the mechanical state of a polycrystal is presented in the framework of the mean-field approaches and attention is paid to the fields heterogeneity. For nonlinear behaviours, the importance of the chosen model is emphasized with respect to relevant microstructural parameters for recrystallisation.

Analysis of the industrial quality of three sugarcane cultivars at “santa rosalía de la chontalpa” sugarcane mill

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Córdova-Sánchez ◽  
José Izquierdo-Hernández ◽  
Sergio Salgado-García ◽  
Luz del Carmen Lagunes-Espinoza ◽  
David Jesús Palma-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Linear Polynomial ◽  
Sugar Mills ◽  
Standard Values ◽  
Santa Rosalia ◽  
The One ◽  
Best Fit

Objective: To evaluate the industrial quality of three sugarcane cultivars in a template cycle at the supply area of “Santa Rosalía de la Chontalpa” sugarcane mill. Design / Methodology / Approach: An experiment was established under a factorial design 3x3 (3 cultivars: CP 72-2086, MEX 79-431 and MEX 69-290; x 3 sampling dates: 330, 390 and 450 DDS, Spanish equivalent for days after sowing) on an Eutric Fluvisol soil. In each plantation, a sample of 10 stems with three replications was collected to determine the industrial quality by polarimetry. Results: The industrial quality of the evaluated cultivars only differed statistically in terms of the percentage of purity, MEX 79-431 was the one that presented the lowest value for this variable. At 450 DDS, the highest value was observed for °Brix (17.28), POL percentage (14.92), purity (86.44%). The values obtained in the present study for the quality of juice in the evaluated cultivars are within the range of the standard values established for Mexico. Limitations / Implications: Polarimetry is still the method used by most of the sugar mills in Mexico, even if other more environmental-friendly methodologies exist. Findings / Conclusions: The trend line that best fit to MEX 69-290 and MEX 79-431, for °Brix, POL and purity, was a linear polynomial and to CP 72-2086, a polynomial quadratic. Fresh stems and reducing sugars showed best fit with an inverse polynomial. °Brix presented strong and positive correlation with POL (R = 0.99**); and strong and negative with reducer sugars (R = -0.95**) and fresh stem humidity (R = -0.91**).

scholarly journals An Alternative Approach to the Terminal Management of Ogilvie Syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 352-358
Author(s):  
Daniel Galban ◽  
Joshua J. Baiel
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Medical Therapy ◽  
Subtotal Colectomy ◽  
Abdominal Discomfort ◽  
Conservative Approach ◽  
Replacement Surgery ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Ogilvie Syndrome

Ogilvie syndrome is defined as colonic pseudo-obstruction due to nonmechanical causes. Mortality of nearly 50% is associated with perforation of the distended, pseudo-obstructed colon. While conservative medical therapy has proven to be beneficial in a majority of cases, >3% of patients have significant distention or perforation of the colon that warrants surgical resection. The case of a 48-year-old male with progressive abdominal discomfort and distention 12 days following knee replacement surgery is presented. He was subsequently diagnosed with colonic pseudo-obstruction and definitively treated with subtotal colectomy and colostomy. We propose that a more conservative approach to treatment of colonic pseudo-obstruction may prevent the need for colostomy, significantly improving quality of life.

scholarly journals Point-coupling Models from Mesonic Hypermassive Limit and Mean-field Approaches

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Lourenço ◽  
M. Dutra ◽  
R. L. P. G. Amaral ◽  
Antonio Delfino
Keyword(s):  
Mean Field ◽  
Field Approaches
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