AGE-BASED ANALYSIS OF HEART RATE VARIABILITY (HRV) FOR PATIENTS WITH CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE

It is known that heart activity changes during aging. In this paper, we evaluated alterations of heart activity from the complexity point of view. We analyzed the variations of heart rate of patients with congestive heart failure that are categorized into four different age groups, namely 30–39, 50–59, 60–69, and 70–79 years old. For this purpose, we employed three complexity measures that include fractal dimension, sample entropy, and approximate entropy. The results showed that the trend of increment of subjects’ age is reflected in the trend of increment of the complexity of heart rate variability (HRV) since the values of fractal dimension, approximate entropy, and sample entropy increase as subjects get older. The analysis of the complexity of other physiological signals can be further considered to investigate the variations of activity of other organs due to aging.

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USING DIFFERENT ENTROPIES TO ANALYZE THE HEART RATE VARIABILITY OF CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE PATIENTS

Biomedical Engineering Applications Basis and Communications ◽

10.4015/s1016237211002530 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 23 (04) ◽

pp. 253-260 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ren-Guey Lee ◽

Chun-Chieh Hsiao ◽

Chieh-Yi Kao

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Congestive Heart Failure ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Human Body ◽

Approximate Entropy ◽

Young Group ◽

Multiscale Entropy ◽

Heart Failure Patients

The purpose of this paper is to show the influence of congestive heart failure (CHF) on heart by using different entropies to apply on the group of patients with CHF and normal group. Three different entropies are used: approximate entropy (ApEn), multiscale entropy (MSE), and base-scale entropy (BsEn). We use these three entropies to measure the complexity of the heart rate variability (HRV) and also use analysis of variance (ANOVA) to analyze the result of entropies to discuss the feasibility of recognizing CHF patients by utilizing entropies. With the analysis results of different entropies, the influence of CHF on heart has also been clearly demonstrated. The results on the approximate entropy show that the normal young group has a higher approximate entropy value while the CHF group has a lower value. This can be explained as a healthy, strong heart that can change its heart rate freely to adapt the change of the environment or the needs of the human body, therefore the HRV will be more complex. From the ANOVA results of approximate entropy, it can be observed that the F value is larger than 1, but is still small. In other words, the approximate entropy can be used to distinguish the three groups, the effect is, however, not good. It is hard to recognize a CHF patient by using approximate entropy.

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COMPLEXITY AND INFORMATION-BASED ANALYSIS OF THE HEART RATE VARIABILITY (HRV) WHILE SITTING, HAND BIKING, WALKING, AND RUNNING

Fractals ◽

10.1142/s0218348x21502017 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 2150201

Author(s):

HAMIDREZA NAMAZI

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Time Series ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Fractal Dimension ◽

Information Content ◽

Shannon Entropy ◽

Human Activities ◽

Complex Structure ◽

Sample Entropy ◽

Heart Activity

Analysis of the variations of heart activity during different human activities is an important area of research in sport sciences. Therefore, in this paper, we evaluated the variations of heart activity for 23 subjects while sitting, hand biking, walking, and running. Since the obtained R-R time series (as the indicator of heart rate variability (HRV)) has a complex structure that contains information, we employed fractal dimension, sample entropy, and Shannon entropy for our analysis. According to the results, doing a harder activity causes a more significant alteration in the complexity and information content of HRV. The results of statistical analyses also verified the obtained results. Similar investigations can be conducted in case of other activities to evaluate the variations in heart activity in different conditions.

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