Quantification of Inactive Lithium, Solid Carbonate Species, and Lithium Acetylide on Graphite Electrodes after Fast Charging

2020 ◽  
Vol MA2020-02 (3) ◽  
pp. 542-542
Author(s):  
Eric J. McShane ◽  
Andrew M. Colclasure ◽  
David Emory Brown ◽  
Zachary M. Konz ◽  
Kandler Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphite Electrodes ◽  
Fast Charging ◽  
Carbonate Species

scholarly journals Quantification of Inactive Lithium and Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) Species on Graphite Electrodes After Fast Charging

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric McShane ◽  
Andrew Colclasure ◽  
David Brown ◽  
Zachary M. Konz ◽  
Kandler Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Electrolyte ◽  
Solid Electrolyte Interphase ◽  
Particle Surface ◽  
Graphite Electrodes ◽  
Capacity Loss ◽  
Process Understanding ◽  
Fast Charging ◽  
Graphite Anodes ◽  
Carbonate Species ◽  
Stripping Efficiency

<p>Rapid charging of Li-ion batteries is limited by lithium plating on graphite anodes, whereby Li<sup>+</sup> ions are reduced to Li metal on the graphite particle surface instead of inserting between graphitic layers. Plated Li metal not only poses a safety risk due to dendrite formation, but also contributes to capacity loss due to the low reversibility of the Li plating/stripping process. Understanding when Li plating occurs and how much Li has plated is therefore vital to remedying these issues. We demonstrate a titration technique with a minimum detection limit of 20 nmol (5×10<sup>-4</sup> mAh) Li which is used to quantify inactive Li that remains on the graphite electrode after fast charging. Additionally, the titration is extended to quantify the total amount of solid carbonate species and lithium acetylide (Li<sub>2</sub>C<sub>2</sub>) within the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Finally, electrochemical modeling is combined with experimental data to determine the Li plating exchange current density (10 A/m<sup>2</sup>) and stripping efficiency (65%) of plated Li metal on graphite. These techniques provide a highly accurate measure of Li plating onset and quantitative insight into graphite SEI evolution during fast charge.</p>

scholarly journals Quantification of Inactive Lithium and Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) Species on Graphite Electrodes After Fast Charging

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric McShane ◽  
Andrew Colclasure ◽  
David Brown ◽  
Zachary M. Konz ◽  
Kandler Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Electrolyte ◽  
Solid Electrolyte Interphase ◽  
Particle Surface ◽  
Graphite Electrodes ◽  
Capacity Loss ◽  
Process Understanding ◽  
Fast Charging ◽  
Graphite Anodes ◽  
Carbonate Species ◽  
Stripping Efficiency

<p>Rapid charging of Li-ion batteries is limited by lithium plating on graphite anodes, whereby Li<sup>+</sup> ions are reduced to Li metal on the graphite particle surface instead of inserting between graphitic layers. Plated Li metal not only poses a safety risk due to dendrite formation, but also contributes to capacity loss due to the low reversibility of the Li plating/stripping process. Understanding when Li plating occurs and how much Li has plated is therefore vital to remedying these issues. We demonstrate a titration technique with a minimum detection limit of 20 nmol (5×10<sup>-4</sup> mAh) Li which is used to quantify inactive Li that remains on the graphite electrode after fast charging. Additionally, the titration is extended to quantify the total amount of solid carbonate species and lithium acetylide (Li<sub>2</sub>C<sub>2</sub>) within the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Finally, electrochemical modeling is combined with experimental data to determine the Li plating exchange current density (10 A/m<sup>2</sup>) and stripping efficiency (65%) of plated Li metal on graphite. These techniques provide a highly accurate measure of Li plating onset and quantitative insight into graphite SEI evolution during fast charge.</p>

Inhibiting Li Plating on Graphite Electrodes during 4C Fast-Charging with Atomic Layer Deposition

2021 ◽  
Vol MA2021-02 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-459
Author(s):  
Eric Kazyak ◽  
Kuan-Hung (Michael) Chen ◽  
Yuxin Chen ◽  
Neil P. Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Layer Deposition ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Graphite Electrodes ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
Fast Charging

scholarly journals Quantification of Inactive Lithium and Solid–Electrolyte Interphase Species on Graphite Electrodes after Fast Charging

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2045-2051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric J. McShane ◽  
Andrew M. Colclasure ◽  
David E. Brown ◽  
Zachary M. Konz ◽  
Kandler Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Electrolyte ◽  
Solid Electrolyte Interphase ◽  
Graphite Electrodes ◽  
Fast Charging

scholarly journals Regulating interfacial chemistry in lithium-ion batteries by a weakly-solvating electrolyte

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Xing Yao ◽  
Xiang Chen ◽  
Chong Yan ◽  
Xue-Qiang Zhang ◽  
Wen-Long Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Pairs ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Interfacial Chemistry ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Graphite Electrodes ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Competitive Coordination ◽  
Fast Charging ◽  
Low Salt

Abstract The performance of lithium-ion battery is highly dependent on its interfacial chemistry, which is regulated by electrolytes. Conventional electrolyte typically contains polar solvents to dissociate Li salts. Here, we report a novel weakly-solvating electrolyte (WSE) that consists of a pure non-polar solvent, which leads to a peculiar solvation structure where ion pairs and aggregates prevail under a low salt concentration of 1.0 M. Importantly, WSE forms unique anion-derived interphases on graphite electrodes that exhibit fast-charging and long-term cycling characteristics. First-principles calculations unravel a general principle that the competitive coordination between anions and solvents to Li ion is the origin of different interfacial chemistries. By bridging the gap between solution thermodynamics and interfacial chemistry in batteries, this work opens a brand-new way towards precise electrolyte engineering for energy storage devices with desired properties.

Controlling the Crystallographic Orientation of Graphite Electrodes for Fast-Charging Li-Ion Batteries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oğuz Bayındır ◽  
Ikramul Hasan Sohel ◽  
Melek Erol ◽  
Özgür Duygulu ◽  
Mehmet Nurullah Ateş
Keyword(s):  
Crystallographic Orientation ◽  
Li Ion Batteries ◽  
Graphite Electrodes ◽  
Fast Charging ◽  
Li Ion

Operando video microscopy of Li plating and re-intercalation on graphite anodes during fast charging

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxin Chen ◽  
Kuan-Hung Chen ◽  
Adrian J. Sanchez ◽  
Eric Kazyak ◽  
Vishwas Goel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Video Microscopy ◽  
Dynamic Evolution ◽  
Graphite Electrodes ◽  
Fast Charging ◽  
Graphite Anodes

Operando video microscopy on calendared graphite electrodes presents the dynamic evolution of Li plating and re-intercalation during fast charging.

Electricity Production from Dual Chambers Microbial Fuel Cell Fed with Chicken Manure-Wastewater

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Ali J. Jaeel
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Livestock Wastewater ◽  
Graphite Electrodes ◽  
Reliable Source ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Resistance Value

Chicken manure wastewaters are increasingly being considered a valuable resource of organic compounds. Screened chicken manure was evaluated as a representative solid organic waste. In this study, electricity generation from livestock wastewater (chicken manure) was investigated in a continuous mediator-less horizontal flow microbial fuel cell with graphite electrodes and a selective type of membrane separating the anodic and cathodic compartments of MFC from each other. The performance of MFC was evaluated to livestock wastewater using aged anaerobic sludge. Results revealed that COD and BOD removal efficiencies were up to 88% and 82%, respectively. At an external resistance value of 150 Ω, a maximum power and current densities of 278 m.W/m2 and 683 mA/m2, respectively were obtained, hence MFC utilizing livestock wastewater would be a sustainable and reliable source of bio-energy generation .

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