Insulin but not GH directly stimulates growth of transplanted fetal rat paws

1986 ◽  
Vol 251 (5) ◽  
pp. E624-E629
Author(s):  
P. S. Cooke ◽  
L. Higa ◽  
C. S. Nicoll
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Kidney Capsule ◽  
Rat Fetuses ◽  
Osmotic Minipump ◽  
Fetal Rat ◽  
The Right

We have investigated whether insulin or growth hormone (GH) can affect growth of transplanted fetal rat paws by direct and/or indirect actions. Paws from 15-day rat fetuses were transplanted under the kidney capsule of adult female hosts, and grown for 7 days. In hypophysectomized (HX) or diabetic hosts their growth was reduced by 65% and 35%, respectively. The direct effects of insulin and GH were studied by inserting a catheter connected to an osmotic minipump into the left renal artery. Thus transplants on the left (infused) kidney were exposed directly to much higher concentrations of hormone than were those on the right (uninfused) side. In HX hosts, infusion of GH (0.1 microgram X g body wt-1 X day-1) had no effect on growth of paws on either kidney. At 0.3 or 1.0 microgram X g body wt-1 X day-1 GH caused a dose-related restoration of transplant growth that was equivalent on both sides. In diabetic hosts infusion of insulin (2 U X kg body wt-1 X day-1) partially restored growth of paws on the infused kidney without affecting those on the right. Insulin at 6 U X kg body wt-1 X day-1 caused full restoration of growth of the paws on the left and a partial increase in those on the right. At 9 U X kg body wt-1 X day-1 insulin caused full restoration of transplant growth on both kidneys. These results indicate that insulin promotes normal growth of transplanted fetal paws by direct and possibly indirect mechanisms, but the effects of GH are apparently only indirect.

scholarly journals Origin, Traject and Distribution of Renal Arteries (Arteriae renalis) in Chinchilla lanigera

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Cristian MARTONOS ◽  
Cristian DEZDROBITU ◽  
Florin STAN ◽  
Aurel DAMIAN ◽  
Alexandru GUDEA
Keyword(s):  
Renal Artery ◽  
Renal Arteries ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
Lateral Part ◽  
Formaldehyde Solution ◽  
Anatomical Dissection ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Aorta Abdominalis ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

For the present study a number of 5 female chinchilla carcasses were used. The animals were slaughtered for commercial purpuses (fur). The anatomical dissection started with the identification of the aorta (Aorta abdominalis). The next step was the intra-arterial injection of a colouring substance. The carcasses was fixed in the formaldehyde solution and subsequently the renal arteries were dissected. The first renal artery was the right renal artery (Arteria renalis dextra) and, at 0,5 cm caudally, the left renal artery (Arteria renalis sinister) arose . The origin of those arteries were disposed on the lateral part of the abdominal aorta.The origin, traject and distribution of renal arteries on the studied species have a high degree of similarity with the literature dates described for leporids.

MO960RENAL TRANSPLANTATION FROM A LIVING DONOR WITH RENAL ARTERY FIBROMUSCULAR DYSPLASIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Paraskevi Andronikidi ◽  
Glykeria Tsouka ◽  
Myrto Giannopoulou ◽  
Konstantinos Botsakis ◽  
Xanthi Benia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Disease ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Abstract Background and Aims Renal transplantation is considered the most effective and less costly modality of renal replacement therapy in patients with end stage renal disease. The disparity between kidney allografts and recipients has led to a global effort to increase the pool of kidney donors. Accordingly, fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is no longer considered an absolute contraindication for kidney donation. The incidence of FMD is about 2.3%-5.8% in potential kidney donors. There are few cases in the literature where renal artery stenosis in allografts with known pre-transplantation FMD became worse after transplantation, indicating the importance of a proper follow up in the recipients. This is a case of a living kidney donor with no history of hypertension, proteinuria or elevated serum creatinine, whose intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography revealed FMD lesions in the left renal artery. Method Case report Results A 54-year-old Caucasian female with medical history of hypothyroidism took the decision to offer her kidney to her 37-year-old son who was diagnosed with end-stage renal disease five years ago secondary to diabetes mellitus type I. She had no history for diabetes, hypertension and renal disease. Her vital signs on admission were heart rate of 78 beats/min and blood pressure of 130/70 mmHg. Urinalysis, biochemical profile and serological evaluations were all within normal ranges. Blood urea was 36 mg/dL and serum creatinine was 0.6 mg/dL (eGFR 97ml/min/1.73m2). The abdominal ultrasound and renogram with Tc-99m DTPA showed no remarkable findings. On intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography an abnormal succession of dilatations and multifocal stenoses of the left renal artery, characteristic of medial FMD, was found. The right renal artery was normal. Apart from a dysfunctional permanent left femoral catheter, the patient had no other vascular access for hemodialysis because of Superior Vena Cava syndrome, so he needed urgent transplantation. Taking all of these into consideration, the patient was offered renal transplantation as the best option. A left open donor nephrectomy was performed; the renal artery was divided distal to the stenotic dysplastic area. The allograft was placed at the right iliac fossa of the recipient with arterial and venous anastomosis to the extrarenal iliac vessels. Post-operatively, the recipient had a delayed graft function lasted 13 days. On renal artery Doppler in the allograft we found increased resistance index (RI) that gradually normalized without any intervention. An immunosuppressive regiment of tacrolimus, mycophenolate and prednisone was administered according to our center protocol. At discharge serum creatinine was 1.7 mg/dL (eGFR: 50ml/min/1.73m2). At the year follow-up, the donor was normotensive and had near normal renal function (Cr:1.3mg/dL, eGFR: 70ml/min/1.73m2). The recipient has a well-controlled blood pressure receiving two antihypertensive drugs and maintains a satisfactory renal function. Conclusion Few cases with FMD in renal allografts from living and deceased donors have been described. In a review of 4 studies the authors concluded that the outcome of transplantation with allografts from living donors with medial FMD was satisfactory and these allografts could be used to increase the donor pool. Furthermore, it is strongly recommended to have a thorough pre-transplantation check of the donor as well as a close monitoring of both the donor and recipient after transplantation. This case shows that allografts harvested from carefully selected donors with renal arterial FMD can be successfully used, particularly in urgent conditions. Detailed pre-tranplantation imaging of donor’s renal arteries, selection of the appropriate screening method, as well as close monitoring of both donor and recipient for early interventions after transplantation is of paramount importance.

Direct effects of endothelin in the rat kidney

1990 ◽  
Vol 258 (2) ◽  
pp. F397-F402 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Katoh ◽  
H. Chang ◽  
S. Uchida ◽  
T. Okuda ◽  
K. Kurokawa
Keyword(s):  
Renal Artery ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Renal Plasma Flow ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Fractional Excretion ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Dose Dependent

In the present study, we tested the direct effects of endothelin (ET) on rat kidney in vivo. ET was infused into the left renal artery of anesthetized rats at a rate of 0.5, 5, 20, or 40 pmol/h. ET reduced ipsilateral urine volume (V), clearance of inulin (CIN), and clearance of p-aminohippuric acid (CPAH) in a dose-dependent manner. Thus ET at 20 pmol/h did not change V but decreased renal plasma flow (RPF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by 27.6 +/- 14.3 and 30.8 +/- 10.4%, respectively, in the ipsilateral kidney. ET at 0.5 pmol/h was without effect and at 5 pmol/h had only minor effects on CIN and CPAH of ipsilateral kidney. At 40 pmol/h, ET reduced ipsilateral V, GFR, and RPF by 52.3 +/- 21.4, 58.4 +/- 14.5, and 72.5 +/- 10.6%, respectively. Filtration fraction and fractional excretion of Na remained unchanged during ET infusion. ET, 40 pmol/h, infused into the renal artery together with atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) at a rate of 12 pmol/h reduced the ipsilateral V, GFR, and RPF by 33.2 +/- 6.3, 26.1 +/- 6.0, and 27.2 +/- 7.1%, respectively, decrements less than those with ET alone. When a calcium-channel blocker nicardipine was infused at a rate of 2.5 micrograms/h into the renal artery together with ET, 20 pmol/h, there was little change in the ipsilateral V, RPF, and GFR; ET, 40 pmol/h, with nicardipine did not change V and decreased GFR and RPF by 25.9 +/- 5.6 and 23.1 +/- 10.8%, respectively, decrements less than those without nicardipine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cardiac Pulsatility– and Respiratory-Induced Deformations of the Renal Arteries and Snorkel Stents After Snorkel Endovascular Aneurysm Sealing

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 556-564
Author(s):  
Christopher P. Cheng ◽  
Ga-Young Suh ◽  
John J. Kim ◽  
Andrew Holden
Keyword(s):  
Renal Artery ◽  
Endovascular Aneurysm Repair ◽  
Renal Arteries ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Maximum Curvature ◽  
Mechanical Durability ◽  
The Right ◽  
Aneurysm Repair

Purpose: To quantify deformations of renal arteries and snorkel stents after snorkel endovascular aneurysm sealing (Sn-EVAS) resulting from cardiac pulsatility and respiration and compare these deformations to patients with untreated abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) and snorkel endovascular aneurysm repair (Sn-EVAR). Materials and Methods: Ten Sn-EVAS patients (mean age 75±6 years; 8 men) were scanned with cardiac-gated, respiration-resolved computed tomography angiography. From 3-dimensional geometric models, changes in renal artery and stent angulation and curvature due to cardiac pulsatility and respiration were quantified. Respiration-induced motions were compared with those of 16 previously reported untreated AAA patients and 11 Sn-EVAR patients. Results: Renal artery bending at the stent end was greater for respiratory vs cardiac influences (6°±7° vs −1°±2°, p<0.025). Respiration caused a 3-fold greater deformation on the left renal artery as compared with the right side. Maximum curvature change was higher for respiratory vs cardiac influences (0.49±0.29 vs 0.24±0.17 cm−1, p<0.025), and snorkel renal stents experienced similar maximum curvature change due to cardiac pulsatility and respiration (0.14±0.10 vs 0.19±0.09 cm−1, p=0.142). When comparing the 3 patient cohorts for respiratory-induced deformation, there was significant renal branch angulation in untreated AAAs, but not in Sn-EVAR or Sn-EVAS, and there was significant bending at the stent end in Sn-EVAR and Sn-EVAS. Maximum curvature change due to respiration was ~10-fold greater in Sn-EVAR and Sn-EVAS compared to untreated AAAs. Conclusion: The findings suggest that cardiac and respiratory influences may challenge the mechanical durability of snorkel stents of Sn-EVAS; similarly, however, respiration may be the primary culprit for tissue irritation, increasing the risk for stent-end thrombosis, especially in the left renal artery. The bending stiffness of snorkel stents in both the Sn-EVAR and Sn-EVAS cohorts damped renal branch angulation while it intensified bending of the artery distal to the snorkel stent. Understanding these device-to-artery interactions is critical as they may affect mechanical durability of branch stents and quality and durability of treatment.

scholarly journals Renal artery stenosis of atherosclerotic etiology – the single kidney surgical recurrence 12 years after nephrectomy

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-254
Author(s):  
Maria Daniela Tănăsescu ◽  
◽  
Marcel Pălămar ◽  
Mihai Ovidiu Comşa ◽  
Alexandru Mincă ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Artery ◽  
Renal Artery Stenosis ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Secondary Hypertension ◽  
Artery Stenosis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Right

Objectives. Renal artery stenosis, as main cause of renovascular secondary hypertension, is mainly caused by atherosclerosis of large vessels and is clinically characterized by resistant or malignant hypertension, impacting the kidney function to various degrees. The present article brings into attention the case of a patient which developed renal artery stenosis on the left kidney, the same condition occurring 12 years later on the right kidney. Material and method. Our patient was initially diagnosed at the age of 48 with complete occlusion of the left renal artery, for which left nephrectomy was performed, while the right artery was normal. Twelve years later she presents with renal artery stenosis on the right kidney, which is treat by stent-angioplasty. Results. After surgery, the patient’s evolution was positive, with amelioration of the laboratory values, in parallel to the arterial blood pressure. Discussions. The probability that, in the moment of diagnosis of renal artery stenosis with progressive evolution to occlusion caused by atherosclerosis, the other artery would be normal, both seen by ultrasonography and angiography, while years later to develop stenosis, is minimal. Up to present, the literature holds little evidence of such similar cases. Conclusions. In the particular case of patients that were diagnosed with severe renal artery stenosis of atherosclerotic origin and had only one of the arteries affected, it is necessary to keep a permanent monitoring, justified by the risk of development of the same pathology to the other artery

Use of shockwave intravascular lithotripsy for the treatment of calcified renal artery stenosis in a symptomatic subject

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 419-423
Author(s):  
S Schnupp ◽  
I Ajmi ◽  
M Sinani ◽  
J Brachmann ◽  
C Mahnkopf
Keyword(s):  
Renal Artery ◽  
Renal Artery Stenosis ◽  
Artery Stenosis ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
Shockwave Lithotripsy ◽  
Refractory Hypertension ◽  
Atherosclerotic Renal Artery Stenosis ◽  
Wall Apposition ◽  
The Right ◽  
Symptomatic Subject

Aim: The use of shockwave lithotripsy for the treatment of heavily calcified atherosclerotic plaques before stenting showed great results in terms of feasibility and safety with favorable initial success. Evidence suggests that it is a useful tool to treat calcified lesions in peripheral and coronary arteries. Here, we describe the case of a patient with calcified renal artery stenosis successfully treated with the shockwave lithotripsy system. Case Report: We present a 76-year-old man with a known significant atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis and refractory hypertension. The patient received an angioplasty of the right renal artery in the first session and he was admitted for a second session to intervene in the left renal artery. The lesion was successfully treated with the lithotripsy system. Final angiography demonstrated an excellent position of the stent and good wall apposition. Conclusion: Our clinical case demonstrates that lithotripsy is safe and effective also for the treatment of the renal artery.

Chronic local infusion into the renal artery of unrestrained rats

1983 ◽  
Vol 244 (2) ◽  
pp. H304-H307 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Smits ◽  
C. M. Kasbergen ◽  
H. van Essen ◽  
J. C. Kleinjans ◽  
H. A. Struyker-Boudier
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Renal Plasma Flow ◽  
Osmotic Minipump ◽  
Catheter Implantation ◽  
The Right

A method is described for providing chronic access to the right renal artery of unrestrained rats. It consists of insertion of a very thin (OD 0.2 mm) catheter into the right suprarenal artery of Wistar rats. The suprarenal artery originates from the right renal artery. After the cannula has been guided subcutaneously to the neck, it is connected to an Alzet osmotic minipump. The method has a success ratio of over 90% for periods up to 14 days. In the present study, we investigated the effects of catheter implantation on renal hemodynamics in uninephrectomized rats that were infused with saline for 2, 6, or 14 days. Values were compared with those obtained in control rats. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) were estimated from plasma clearances of 51Crethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and 125I-p-aminohippuric acid, respectively. Mean arterial pressure was between 107 +/- 2 and 116 +/- 2 mmHg in all animals. Neither GFR nor ERPF was influenced by catheter implantation. It is concluded that the method does not interfere with renal function.

scholarly journals Total occlusion of the abdominal aorta in a patient with renal failure and refractory hypertension: a case report

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cinzia Perrino ◽  
Laura Scudiero ◽  
Maria Piera Petretta ◽  
Gabriele Giacomo Schiattarella ◽  
Mario De Laurentis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Abdominal Aorta ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
Refractory Hypertension ◽  
Total Occlusion ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis ◽  
The Right

Total occlusion of the abdominal aorta is unusual, and potentially catastrophic. It occurs in patients with advanced atherosclerotic occlusive disease, and can cause severe ischemic manifestations, depending on the site of obstruction. Prompt and appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are important whenever this condition is suspected, in order to avoid a fatal outcome. The development of a complex network of collaterals may prevent the manifestation of acute ischemic phenomena, and cause a delay in diagnosis and treatment. Here we report the clinical case of a 59-year-old man who was referred to our Department for evaluation of renal failure and refractory hypertension. Ultrasonography and 99mTc-DTPA scintigraphy showed a shrunken, non-functioning left kidney, while CT angiography and aortography showed the complete occlusion of the aorta from below the right renal artery down to the bifurcation of both common iliac arteries, with a critical stenosis of the origin of the right renal artery, an occlusion of the left renal artery as well as of the origin of the inferior mesenteric artery. The patient was referred to the surgery department for aorto-bifemoral bypass surgery and re-implantation of the right renal artery.

scholarly journals SURGICAL TREATMENT OF CHILDREN WITH NEUROBLASTOMA OF COMPLEX ANATOMICAL LOCALIZATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 172-178
Author(s):  
M. N. Sukhov ◽  
Sergey V. Sokolov ◽  
A. G. Narbutov ◽  
I. P. Lyvina ◽  
E. S. Andreev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Artery ◽  
Renal Vein ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Left Renal Vein ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Celiac Trunk ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
The Right ◽  
Large Vessels

Introduction. Neuroblastomas arise in the case of intimate association of the tumor with large vessels and internal organs. The early detailed stratification of cancer risk, as well as forecasting possible complications of surgery based on visual diagnostic methods, contribute to the improving the results in this category of patients. Material and methods. The study analyzes the results of the diagnosis and treatment of neuroblastoma of thoracoabdominal localization in 9 children aged from 9 to 55 months. All of them received the treatment according to the NB-2004 protocol. Before surgical intervention, the factors of the surgical risk were estimated from computed tomography with contrast, the number of factors averaged of 5. Results. The inclusion of the left renal artery and aorta into the tumor was revealed intraoperatively in 8 children, the involvement of the left renal vein, the right renal artery, the superior mesenteric artery was found in 7 patients, the right renal vein, the celiac trunk - in 6 cases, and the other large vessels - in a smaller number of cases. Damages of the right renal vein in 2 patients, left renal vein - in 2 children, aorta - in 1 child, inferior vena cava - in 2 observations and celiac trunk in 1 patient was sutured without subsequent complications. After injury and suturing of the inferior vena cava in a 1 patient, there was revealed a parietal thrombus without clinically significant hemodynamic disturbances. In 1 observation, postoperative thrombosis of the left renal artery caused the deterioration of the blood flow requiring nephrectomy. Damage to the pancreas in 1 child was accompanied by a long drainage and the formation of pancreatojejunostomy. The volume of the resection of the tumor amounted on average of 93%. The total number of complications in the early postoperative period accounted for 44%, out of which repeated surgical interventions were required in case of bleeding against the therapy of renal artery thrombosis in 1 patient and focal pancreatic necrosis in the 1 patient. The duration of postoperative follow-up was of 18 months. Overall survival is 100%, the event-free survival rate is of 78%. The continued growth of the tumor was registered in 2 patients in the high-risk group. Discussion. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy contributed to the enhancement of the radicalization of the surgical treatment, leading to a decrease in the size of the primary focus, metastases, and involvement of large vessels and internal organs in the tumor. The radical removal of neuroblastoma is acceptable in the absence of the invasive growth in the walls of large vessels and internal organs, otherwise, the resection should be performed for the purpose of cytoreduction and prevention of organ failure due to tumor compression.

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