scholarly journals A comparison of passive hindlimb cycling and active upper-limb exercise provides new insights into systolic dysfunction after spinal cord injury

2017 ◽  
Vol 313 (5) ◽  
pp. H861-H870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn M. DeVeau ◽  
Kathryn A. Harman ◽  
Jordan W. Squair ◽  
Andrei V. Krassioukov ◽  
David S. K. Magnuson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Contractile Function ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cardiac Contractile ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Lower Limb Exercise ◽  
Limb Exercise

Active upper-limb and passive lower-limb exercise are two interventions used in the spinal cord injury (SCI) population. Although the global cardiac responses have been previously studied, it is unclear how either exercise influences contractile cardiac function. Here, the cardiac contractile and volumetric responses to upper-limb (swim) and passive lower-limb exercise were investigated in rodents with a severe high-thoracic SCI. Animals were divided into control (CON), SCI no exercise (NO-EX), SCI passive hindlimb cycling (PHLC), or SCI swim (SWIM) groups. Severe contusion SCI was administered at the T2 level. PHLC and SWIM interventions began on day 8 postinjury and lasted 25 days. Echocardiography and dobutamine stress echocardiography were performed before and after injury. Cardiac contractile indexes were assessed in vivo at study termination via a left ventricular pressure-volume conductance catheter. Stroke volume was reduced after SCI (91 µl in the NO-EX group vs. 188 µl in the CON group, P < 0.05) and was reversed at study termination in the PHLC (167 µl) but not SWIM (90 µl) group. Rates of contraction were reduced in NO-EX versus CON groups (6,079 vs. 9,225 mmHg, respectively, P < 0.05) and were unchanged by PHLC and SWIM training. Similarly, end-systolic elastance was reduced in the NO-EX versus CON groups (0.67 vs. 1.37 mmHg/µl, respectively, P < 0.05) and was unchanged by PHLC or SWIM training. Dobutamine infusion normalized all pressure indexes in each SCI group (all P < 0.05). In conclusion, PHLC improves flow-derived cardiac indexes, whereas SWIM training displayed no cardiobeneficial effect. Pressure-derived deficits were corrected only with dobutamine, suggesting that reduced β-adrenergic stimulation is principally responsible for the impaired cardiac contractile function after SCI. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first direct comparison between the cardiac changes elicited by active upper-limb or passive lower-limb exercise after spinal cord injury. Here, we demonstrate that lower-limb exercise positively influences flow-derived cardiac indexes, whereas upper-limb exercise does not. Furthermore, neither intervention corrects the cardiac contractile dysfunction associated with spinal cord injury.

scholarly journals TYMPANIC TEMPERATURE AND SKIN TEMPERATURES DURING UPPER LIMB EXERCISE IN PATIENTS WITH SPINAL CORD INJURY

1995 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
KOJIRO ISHII ◽  
MASAHIRO YAMASAKI ◽  
SATOSHI MURAKI ◽  
TAKASHI KOMURA ◽  
KUNIO KIKUCHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Tympanic Temperature ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Skin Temperatures ◽  
Limb Exercise

scholarly journals The utility of upper limb loading device in determining optimal walking ability in ambulatory individuals with spinal cord injury

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Makamas Kumprou ◽  
Pipatana Amatachaya ◽  
Thanat Sooknuan ◽  
Preeda Arayawichanon ◽  
Thiwabhorn Thaweewannakij ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Walking Ability ◽  
Limb Loading ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Loading Device ◽  
Walking Performance

Background: Walking devices are frequently prescribed for many individuals, including those with spinal cord injury (SCI), to promote their independence. However, without proper screening and follow-up care, the individuals may continue using the same device when their conditions have progressed, that may possibly worsen their walking ability. Objective: This study developed an upper limb loading device (ULLD), and assessed the possibility of using the tool to determine the optimal walking ability of ambulatory participants with SCI who used a walking device daily ([Formula: see text]). Methods: All participants were assessed for their optimal walking ability, i.e., the ability of walking with the least support device or no device as they could do safely and confidently. The participants were also assessed for their amount of weight-bearing on the upper limbs or upper limb loading while walking, amount of weight-bearing on the lower limbs or lower limb loading while stepping of the other leg, and walking performance. Results: The findings indicated that approximately one third of the participants (31%) could progress their walking ability from their current ability, whereby four participants could even walk without a walking device. The amount of upper limb loading while walking, lower limb loading ability, and walking performance were significantly different among the groups of optimal walking ability ([Formula: see text]). Furthermore, the amount of upper limb loading showed negative correlation to the amount of lower limb loading and walking performance ([Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text]0.493, [Formula: see text]). Conclusion: The findings suggest the potential benefit of using the upper limb loading device and the amount of upper limb loading for walking device prescription, and monitoring the change of walking ability among ambulatory individuals with SCI.

scholarly journals Effects of Upper Limb Exercise on Thermoregulatory Responses in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury.

1995 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kojiro Ishii ◽  
Masahiro Yamasaki ◽  
Satoshi Muraki ◽  
Takashi Komura ◽  
Kunio Kikuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Thermoregulatory Responses ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Limb Exercise

scholarly journals Circulating angiogenic biomolecules at rest and in response to upper-limb exercise in individuals with spinal cord injury

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo V. Vasiliadis ◽  
Andreas Zafeiridis ◽  
Konstantina Dipla ◽  
Nikiforos Galanis ◽  
Dimitrios Chatzidimitriou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Limb Exercise

Regional musculoskeletal injuries

2020 ◽  
pp. 397-456
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Chest Wall ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Spinal Fractures ◽  
Musculoskeletal Injuries ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Specific Care

Following on from Chapter 9, this chapter describes the specific care and management of regional musculoskeletal injuries. The chapter starts by considering spinal fractures and the care and management of the patient with a spinal cord injury. It then moves on to consider in detail injuries of the upper limb, the chest wall, the pelvis, and the lower limb.

scholarly journals Comparison between esophageal and intestinal temperature responses to upper-limb exercise in individuals with spinal cord injury

Spinal Cord ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 586-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason S. Au ◽  
Yoshi-ichiro Kamijo ◽  
Victoria L. Goosey-Tolfrey ◽  
Christof A. Leicht ◽  
Maureen J. MacDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Temperature Responses ◽  
Limb Exercise

scholarly journals Cardio-centric hemodynamic management improves spinal cord oxygenation and mitigates hemorrhage in acute spinal cord injury

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra M. Williams ◽  
Neda Manouchehri ◽  
Erin Erskine ◽  
Keerit Tauh ◽  
Kitty So ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Contractile Function ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Ventricular Contractility ◽  
Vasopressor Therapy ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Hemodynamic Management ◽  
Cord Injury

AbstractChronic high-thoracic and cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) results in a complex phenotype of cardiovascular consequences, including impaired left-ventricular contractility. Here, we sought to determine whether such dysfunction manifests immediately post-injury, and if so, whether correcting impaired contractility can improve spinal cord oxygenation (SCO2), blood flow (SCBF) and metabolism. Using a porcine model of SCI, we demonstrate that high-thoracic SCI acutely impairs cardiac contractility and causes substantial reductions in intraparenchymal SCO2 and SCBF within the first hours post-injury. Utilizing the same model, we next show that treating the reduced contractile function with the β-agonist dobutamine is more efficacious at increasing SCO2 and SCBF than the current clinical standard of vasopressor therapy, whilst also mitigating increased anaerobic metabolism and hemorrhage in the injured cord. Our data provide compelling evidence that cardio-centric hemodynamic management represents a novel and advantageous alternative to the current clinical standard of vasopressor therapy for acute traumatic SCI.

scholarly journals Brain-Computer-Spinal Interface Restores Upper Limb Function after Spinal Cord Injury

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Soshi Samejima ◽  
Abed Khorasani ◽  
Vaishnavi Ranganathan ◽  
Jared Nakahara ◽  
Nick M. Tolley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Limb Function ◽  
Upper Limb Function ◽  
Cord Injury

Improving sit-to-stand transition by the saddle-assistive device in the spinal cord injury: A case study

2021 ◽  
pp. 095441192110033
Author(s):  
Akbar Hojjati Najafabadi ◽  
Saeid Amini ◽  
Farzam Farahmand
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Assistive Device ◽  
Limb Weakness ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Lower Limb Weakness ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cord Injury

Physical problems caused by fractures, aging, stroke, and accidents can reduce foot power; these, in the long term, can dwindle the muscles of the waist, thighs, and legs. These conditions provide the basis for the invalidism of the harmed people. In this study, a saddle-walker was designed and evaluated to help people suffering from spinal cord injury and patients with lower limb weakness. This S-AD works based on body weight support against the previously report designs. This saddle-walker consisted of a non-powered four-wheel walker helping to walk and a powered mechanism for the sit-to-stand (STS) transfer. A set of experiments were done on the STS in the use of the standard walker and the saddle-assistive device(S-AD). A comparison of the results showed that this device could reduce the vertical ground reaction force (GRF) of the legs up to 70%. Using this device could help a wide range of patients with lower limb weakness and SCI patients in changing from sitting to standing.

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