Blood oxygen transport and acid-base balance in eels during hypoxia

1973 ◽  
Vol 225 (4) ◽  
pp. 849-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
SC Wood ◽  
K Johansen
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Transport ◽  
Blood Oxygen ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Base Balance

Oxygen transport and acid–base balance during exercise in the tammar wallaby

1999 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.K Snyder ◽  
R.V Baudinette ◽  
B.J Gannon
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Transport ◽  
Tammar Wallaby ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Base Balance

Effect of anemia on oxygen transport in hemorrhagic shock

1979 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 882-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. O. Malmberg ◽  
R. D. Woodson
Keyword(s):  
Hemorrhagic Shock ◽  
Oxygen Transport ◽  
Exchange Transfusion ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Bleeding Rate ◽  
Shed Blood ◽  
Oxygen Capacity ◽  
Base Balance ◽  
Opposing Effects

Effect of anemia on tolerance of hemorrhagic shock in rats was studied to examine opposing effects of altered oxygen capacity and viscosity on oxygen delivery at reduced blood flow. Hematocrit was first reduced by exchange transfusion. Hypotension (BP = 30 Torr) was induced and maintained at this level by controlled hemorrhage; it was terminated when reinfusion of shed blood became necessary to sustain this blood pressure. The period of compensation (time at 30 Torr until reinfusion) in control rats (Hct = 42.5 +/- 2.7%) was 59.23 min; in anemic rats (Hct = 23.3 +/- 2.2%) it was 53 +/- 15 min (SD, P = 0.086). Bleeding rate during shock, mortality, VO2, acid-base balance, and mortality were not influenced by anemia, except for slightly higher lactate in late shock in anemia. The lack of influence of anemia (cf. other perturbations of oxygen transport) was apparently due to a 59–88% increase in cardiac ouput during shock in anemia, which maintained VO2.

Changes in acid-base balance and blood gases during muscular activity and recovery

1959 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. De Lanne ◽  
J. R. Barnes ◽  
L. Brouha ◽  
F. Massart
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Muscular Activity ◽  
Blood Gases ◽  
Blood Oxygen ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Base Balance ◽  
Males And Females

Changes in the blood gases and acid-base balance during muscular work and recovery were investigated for males and females under various controlled environmental conditions. Changes in venous blood oxygen and carbon dioxide are influenced both by the intensity and duration of the exercise and by the environmental temperature. The pH of the blood is similarly affected. The direct measurement of pH was found to be a better index of the variation in the acid-base balance than the pH calculated from Henderson's equation at a fixed CO2 pressure. Lactic acid in the blood is, like the blood gases, influenced by ambient conditions, but is more closely related to the intensity than to the duration of the exercise. Submitted on October 28, 1958

scholarly journals Oxygen Transport and Acid-Base Balance in the Haemolymph of the Lobster, Homarus Gammarus, During Aerial Exposure and Resubmersion

1989 ◽  
Vol 144 (1) ◽  
pp. 417-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. TAYLOR ◽  
N. M. WHITELEY
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Acidosis ◽  
Oxygen Transport ◽  
Oxygen Affinity ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Fourfold Increase ◽  
Constant Ph ◽  
Base Balance ◽  
Buffer Base ◽  
Lactate Levels

Submerged lobsters at 15°C were normoxaemic (CaOO2 = 0.52 mmol l−1 at a PaOO2 of 6.53 kPa) and normocapnic (PaCOCO2 = 0.44kPa; [HCO3−] = 9.3mequiv l−1 and pHa = 7.78). After 3h in air the haemolymph was markedly hypoxic and hypercapnic (PaOO2 = 1.6 kPa; CaOO2 0.2 mmol l−1; PaCOCO2 = 0.7kPa and pHa = 7.64). Disturbance after 3h in air caused a greater increase in PaCOCO2 to 1.28 kPa and a fourfold increase in lactate levels to 3.6 mmol 1−1. The combined respiratory and metabolic acidosis reduced pHa to 7.39. After 14 h in air, undisturbed lobsters remained hypoxic and hypercapnic (PaOO2 = 1.2kPa; PaCOCO2 = 1.2kPa). Lactate levels had increased to 6.2 mmol l−1. Despite this clear limit on respiratory gas exchange in air, oxygen transport by the haemolymph was restored. A rise in buffer base ([HCO3−] = l5.8 mequiv l−1) compensated for the potential respiratory and metabolic acidosis and pH was unchanged at 7.63. The combined effects of the increase in lactate (ΔlogP50/Δlog[lactate] = −0.175) and calcium (ΔlogP50/Δlog[Ca2+] = −0.20 at pH7.63) levels contributed to an increase in oxygen affinity of haemocyanin at constant pH. Consequently, mean CaOO2 increased from 0.2 to 0.38 mmol l−1 between 3h and 14h in air. Resubmergence after 14 h in air resulted in a transient alkalosis due to retention of bicarbonate; oxygen and CO2 were rapidly restored to submerged levels. The lobster possesses the appropriate respiratory adaptations for survival during the relatively long periods of exposure in air encountered during commercial shipment.

scholarly journals Optimal Temperature for Human Life Activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 809 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Guslisty ◽  
N. P. Malomuzh ◽  
A. I. Fisenko
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Transport ◽  
Shear Viscosity ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Optimal Temperature ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Life Activity ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Suspension Viscosity ◽  
Base Balance

The optimal temperature for the human life activity has been determined, by assuming that this parameter corresponds to the most intensive oxygen transport in arteries and the most intensive chemical reactions in the cells. The oxygen transport is found to be mainly governed by the blood saturation with oxygen and the blood plasma viscosity, with the both parameters depending on the temperature and the acid-base balance in blood. Additional parameters affecting the erythrocyte volume and, accordingly, the temperature of the most intensive oxygen transport are also taken into account. Erythrocytes are assumed to affect the shear viscosity of blood in the same way, as impurity particles change the suspension viscosity. It is shown that theoptimal temperature equals 36.6 ∘C under normal environmental conditions. The dependence of the optimal temperature for the human life activity on the acid-base index is discussed.

Higher Dietary Acidity is Associated with Lower Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Iranian Women, Independent of Dietary Calcium Intake

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 0206-0217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyedeh-Elaheh Shariati-Bafghi ◽  
Elaheh Nosrat-Mirshekarlou ◽  
Mohsen Karamati ◽  
Bahram Rashidkhani
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Dietary Calcium ◽  
Dietary Calcium Intake ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Iranian Women ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Base Balance ◽  
Dietary Acid

Findings of studies on the link between dietary acid-base balance and bone mass are relatively mixed. We examined the association between dietary acid-base balance and bone mineral density (BMD) in a sample of Iranian women, hypothesizing that a higher dietary acidity would be inversely associated with BMD, even when dietary calcium intake is adequate. In this cross-sectional study, lumbar spine and femoral neck BMDs of 151 postmenopausal women aged 50 - 85 years were measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Dietary intakes were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Renal net acid excretion (RNAE), an estimate of acid-base balance, was then calculated indirectly from the diet using the formulae of Remer (based on dietary intakes of protein, phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium; RNAERemer) and Frassetto (based on dietary intakes of protein and potassium; RNAEFrassetto), and was energy adjusted by the residual method. After adjusting for potential confounders, multivariable adjusted means of the lumbar spine BMD of women in the highest tertiles of RNAERemer and RNAEFrassetto were significantly lower than those in the lowest tertiles (for RNAERemer: mean difference -0.084 g/cm2; P=0.007 and for RNAEFrassetto: mean difference - 0.088 g/cm2; P=0.004). Similar results were observed in a subgroup analysis of subjects with dietary calcium intake of >800 mg/day. In conclusion, a higher RNAE (i. e. more dietary acidity), which is associated with greater intake of acid-generating foods and lower intake of alkali-generating foods, may be involved in deteriorating the bone health of postmenopausal Iranian women, even in the context of adequate dietary calcium intake.

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