Fetal and uteroplacental heat production in sheep

1986 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 2018-2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Gilbert ◽  
G. G. Power
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Internal Iliac Artery ◽  
Uterine Blood Flow ◽  
Fick Principle ◽  
Uterine Muscle ◽  
Internal Iliac ◽  
The Common ◽  
Per Se

To separate heat production of the fetus from that of the placenta, endometrium, and uterine muscle, we measured total uterine heat production first with the fetus intact and then after the umbilical cord was snared and the fetus killed. Heat production was measured with the Fick principle using thermistors chronically implanted in a maternal artery and major uterine vein and a flowmeter placed on the common internal iliac artery. In nine ewes, carrying lambs weighing 4.46 +/- 0.42 (SE) kg, total uterine heat production fell from 10.6 to 2.9 W after fetal death. Uterine blood flow fell progressively to 90% of control levels during the first hour after death. The caloric equivalent for O2 averaged 4.1 cal/ml O2 for the uterus, 2.2 for the uteroplacenta, and 4.6 for the fetus per se. It was not possible to explain these results using a simple model of maternal-fetal heat transfer. Rather, it was necessary to assume an additional pathway for heat transfer between small uterine veins on the surface of the uterus and cooler structures in the maternal abdomen, presumably the ventral abdominal wall.

Internal Iliac Artery Ligation: A Retrospective Analysis of Two Different Approaches

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-234
Author(s):  
GS Jyothi
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Iliac Artery ◽  
Internal Iliac Artery ◽  
Common Iliac Artery ◽  
Round Ligament ◽  
Artery Ligation ◽  
Internal Iliac Artery Ligation ◽  
Internal Iliac ◽  
Pouch Of Douglas ◽  
The Common

ABSTRACT Aim To describe two different approaches of performing internal iliac artery ligation and their usefulness in different clinical situations. Introduction Internal iliac artery ligation is a very useful method to control pelvic hemorrhage. It can become a necessity at any point of time while performing obstetric or gynecological surgeries, and it is a procedure that needs to be accomplished in a matter of few minutes, before the patient goes into irreversible shock. Techniques Internal iliac artery ligation can be done by approaching the artery by opening the retroperitoneal space, either by dividing the round ligament or by opening the pouch of Douglas. The internal iliac artery is identified by locating the bifurcation of the common iliac artery with the ureter crossing it. The external iliac artery is the lateral branch of the common iliac artery and it runs a straight course to continue as the femoral artery in the lower limb. The ureter is identified by peristalsis, and the internal iliac artery is the short medial branch of the common iliac which runs a short course and immediately divides into an anterior and a posterior division, which in turn divide into a number of branches. The uterine artery is the branch of anterior division of the internal iliac artery. The internal iliac artery is ligated by passing a stout suture material under it with the help of a right-angled forceps, or it can be directly occluded with clips, applied using a clip applicator. Conclusion Both the approaches are equally effective and easy to perform. Approaching the internal iliac artery through the round ligament is easier in gynecological surgeries, whereas the pouch of Douglas approach is easier during cesarean section. Clinical significance Internal iliac artery ligation is almost always performed as an emergency, though the need to perform it can be anticipated in advance and the gynecologist can be prepared for it. It is essential for gynecologists to be conversant with this life and a uterus-saving procedure. There are two approaches of doing this procedure and the choice is entirely on the individual. It may not be possible to approach the pouch of Douglas when there are dense adhesions as in case of a frozen pelvis. And it may be time-consuming to approach the internal iliac artery by dividing the round ligaments when there is postpartum hemorrhage. Therefore, it is useful to know both the approaches, because one might encounter a situation where one may find it difficult to follow the technique one is familiar with. How to cite this article Podder AR, Jyothi GS. Internal Iliac Artery Ligation: A Retrospective Analysis of Two Different Approaches. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2017;9(3):230-234.

scholarly journals Collateral development and arteriogenesis in hindlimbs of domestic swine after ligation of arterial inflow

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
NS Patel ◽  
Y Gao ◽  
S Aravind ◽  
M Fuglestad ◽  
GP Casale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iliac Artery ◽  
Internal Iliac Artery ◽  
Hindlimb Ischemia ◽  
Artery Ligation ◽  
Luminal Diameter ◽  
Internal Iliac ◽  
Collateral Pathways ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Right ◽  
Domestic Swine

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe development of collateral vasculature is a key mechanism compensating for arterial occlusions in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). We aimed to examine the development of collateral pathways after ligation of native vessels in a porcine model of PAD.MethodsRight hindlimb Ischemia was induced in domestic swine (N=11, male, kg) using two different versions of arterial ligation. Version 1 (N=6) consisted of ligation/division of the right external iliac, profunda femoral (RPFA) and superficial femoral arteries (RSFA). Version 2 (N=5) consisted of the ligation of Version 1 with additional ligation/division of the right internal iliac artery (RIIA). Development of collateral pathways was evaluated with standard angiography at baseline (prior to arterial ligation) and at termination (4-8 weeks later). Relative luminal diameter of the arteries supplying the ischemic right hindlimb were determined by 2D angiography, as percent of the size of the distal aortic diameter.ResultsThe dominant collateral pathway that developed after version 1 ligation connected the RIIA to the RPFA and RSFA/popliteal artery. Mean luminal diameter (± standard error) of the RIIA at termination increased by 38% (P<0.05) compared to baseline. Two co-dominant collateral pathways developed in version: (i) from the common internal iliac trunk and left internal iliac artery to the reconstituted RIIA, which then supplied the RPFA and RSFA/popliteal arteries; and (ii) from left profunda artery to the reconstituted RPFA. Mean diameter of the common internal iliac trunk and left profunda artery both increased at termination in the range of 20% (p < 0.05).ConclusionTwo versions of hindlimb ischemia induction (right ilio-femoral artery ligation with and without right internal iliac artery ligation in swine produced differing collateral pathways, along with changes to the diameter of the inflow vessels (i.e., arteriogenesis). Radiographic and anatomical data of the collateral formation in this porcine model should have value in investigation of the pathophysiology of hindlimb ischemia, and assessment of angiogenic therapies as potential treatments for PAD.

scholarly journals BRANCHING PATTERN OF FETAL INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY. PATRÓN DE RAMIFICACIÓN DE LA ARTERIA ILÍACA INTERNA FETAL

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumathilatha Sakthivelavan ◽  
Sakthivelavan D Sendiladibban ◽  
Christilda Felicia
Keyword(s):  
Iliac Artery ◽  
Internal Iliac Artery ◽  
External Iliac Artery ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Inferior Gluteal Artery ◽  
Internal Pudendal Artery ◽  
Superior Gluteal Artery ◽  
Branching Patterns ◽  
Internal Iliac ◽  
The Common

Objetivo: Estudiar el patrón de ramificación de la arteria ilíaca interna del feto y que son equivalentes a la disposición de las ramas ilíacas internas en los adultos. Métodos: Veinticuatro mitades de pelvis fueron utilizados como muestras. Que se obtuvieron de fetos nacidos muertos, de 5 a 9 meses de edad gestacional. Resultados: la arteria ilíaca interna está en consonancia con la arteria ilíaca común y más grande que la arteria ilíaca externa. Tres tipos de ramificación se observaron sobre la base de las grandes ramas, a saber, la arteria glútea inferior, la arteria pudenda interna y la arteria glútea superior. Los resultados se correlacionaron con los patrones de ramificación descriptos por Piersol (1930). Conclusión: La disposición más común, tenía dos grandes troncos procedentes de la arteria iliaca interna, la posterior era la arteria glútea superior y la anterior se dividía en arterias pudenda y glútea inferior. Los otros patrones conducen variables en los adultos que son de importancia embriológicos y quirúrgicos. Objective: To study the branching pattern of fetal internal iliac artery and to correlate with the arrangement of the internal iliac branches in adults. Methods: Twenty four pelvic halves were used as specimens. They were obtained from the dead born fetuses of 5 to 9 months of gestational age. Results: Internal iliac artery was in line with the common iliac artery and larger than the external iliac artery.  Three types of branching were observed based on the large branches namely inferior gluteal artery, internal pudendal artery and superior gluteal artery. The findings were correlated with the patterns of branching described by Piersol (1930). Conclusion: The most common arrangement had two large trunks originating from internal iliac artery, the posterior one being superior gluteal artery and the anterior one divided into internal pudendal and inferior gluteal arteries. The other patterns lead to variable branching patterns in adults that are of embryological and surgical significance. 

Blunt Traumatic Occlusion of the Common Iliac Artery Repaired With Segmental Excision and Internal Iliac Artery Patch Angioplasty

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 284.e1-284.e4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abid C. Mogannam ◽  
Robert F. Cubas ◽  
Ivan M. Gutierrez ◽  
Juan A. Astudillo ◽  
Ahmed M. Abou-Zamzam
Keyword(s):  
Iliac Artery ◽  
Internal Iliac Artery ◽  
Common Iliac Artery ◽  
Patch Angioplasty ◽  
Internal Iliac ◽  
The Common

Emergent conversion of the Ovation Stent Graft System to aortouniiliac modification via occlusion of a unilateral internal iliac artery with a stentgraft as a bailout solution

Vascular ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 440-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efstratios Georgakarakos ◽  
Nikolaos Schoretsanitis ◽  
Vasileios D Souftas ◽  
Chris Argyriou ◽  
Erchan Moustafa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stent Graft ◽  
Iliac Artery ◽  
Internal Iliac Artery ◽  
External Iliac Artery ◽  
Covered Stent ◽  
Contralateral Limb ◽  
Internal Iliac ◽  
Crossover Bypass ◽  
The Common ◽  
Femorofemoral Bypass

Purpose To present a case of inadvertent collapse of the contralateral limb gate caused by misorientation during the deployment of the Ovation Abdominal Stent Graft System in a narrow aortic lumen and the bailout conversion to aortouniiliac modification, using a covered stent to exclude the orifice of the internal iliac artery (IIA). Technique description Despite the repeated efforts from the femoral and brachial site, the collapsed/occluded contralateral limb gate could not be catheterized. In order to exclude successfully the orifice of the IIA, an oversized stentgraft was placed immediately at the common-to-external iliac artery (CIA-EIA) transition followed by peripheral ligation of the latter. The procedure was completed with crossover femorofemoral bypass. Conclusion Occlusion the IIA orifice with an oversized stentgraft in the CIA-EIA transition can be considered as a safe, simple, fast, and efficient bailout maneuver, followed by EIA ligation and crossover bypass.

scholarly journals Rare origin of the obturator artery from the external iliac artery with two obturator veins

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyoshi Goke ◽  
Lucas Alves Sarmento Pires ◽  
Tulio Fabiano de Oliveira Leite ◽  
Carlos Alberto Araujo Chagas
Keyword(s):  
Iliac Artery ◽  
Internal Iliac Artery ◽  
External Iliac Artery ◽  
Lateral Wall ◽  
Iliac Vein ◽  
Obturator Foramen ◽  
Obturator Artery ◽  
Iliac Arteries ◽  
Internal Iliac ◽  
The Common

Abstract The obturator artery is a branch of the internal iliac artery, although there are reports documenting variations, with origin from neighboring vessels such as the common iliac and external iliac arteries or from any branch of the internal iliac artery. It normally runs anteroinferiorly along the lateral wall of the pelvis to the upper part of the obturator foramen where it exits the pelvis by passing through said foramen. Along its course, the artery is accompanied by the obturator nerve and one obturator vein. It supplies the muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh and anastomoses with branches of the femoral artery on the hip joint. We report a rare arterial variation in a Brazilian cadaver in which the obturator artery arose from the external iliac artery, passing beyond the external iliac vein toward the obturator foramen, and was accompanied by two obturator veins with distinct paths. We also discuss its clinical significance.

Iliac Artery Aneurysms

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amani D Politano ◽  
Kenneth J. Cherry
Keyword(s):  
Iliac Artery ◽  
Open Repair ◽  
Internal Iliac Artery ◽  
Common Iliac Artery ◽  
Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Iliac Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Iliac Arteries ◽  
Internal Iliac ◽  
The Common ◽  
Repair Techniques

The terminal abdominal aorta divides into the common iliac arteries at the L4 level. At the level of the sacrum, the common iliac arteries divide into the external iliac arteries and internal iliac (hypogastric) arteries.  This review covers aneurysms of the iliac arteries, with discussion of the anatomy, clinical evaluation, investigative studies, management, and follow-up imaging. Figures show common presenting configurations of iliac artery aneurysms, examples of open repair techniques for common iliac artery aneurysms, example of internal iliac artery revascularization in the setting of common iliac artery aneurysm repair, examples of endovascular repair techniques for common iliac artery aneurysms, complex hybrid repair of multiple iliac aneurysms, examples of open repair techniques for internal iliac artery aneurysms, and examples of endovascular repair for internal iliac artery aneurysms. Tables list normal diameters reported by the Subcommittee on Reporting Standards for Arterial Aneurysms, rate of growth of aneurysms based on size at presentation, presenting signs and symptoms of iliac artery aneurysm, and location, rupture, and mortality reported in the literature. This review contains 7 highly rendered figures, 4 tables, and 91 references Keywords: Iliac artery aneurysms; IAA; Common iliac artery aneurysms; Internal iliac artery aneurysm; IIAA; External iliac artery aneurysm

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