Cervical spinal cord injury alters the pattern of breathing in anesthetized rats

2001 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 2451-2458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis J. Golder ◽  
Paul J. Reier ◽  
Paul W. Davenport ◽  
Donald C. Bolser
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Minute Ventilation ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Respiratory Pattern ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Bilateral Vagotomy

The mechanisms by which chronic cervical spinal cord injury alters respiratory function and plasticity are not well understood. We speculated that spinal hemisection at C2 would alter the respiratory pattern controlled by vagal mechanisms. Expired volume (Ve) and respiratory rate (RR) were measured in anesthetized control and C2-hemisected rats at 1 and 2 mo postinjury. C2 hemisection altered the pattern of breathing at both postinjury time intervals. Injured rats utilized a higher RR and lower Ve to maintain the same minute ventilation as control rats. After bilateral vagotomy, the pattern of breathing in injured rats was not different from controls. The frequency of augmented breaths was higher in injured rats at 2 mo postinjury before vagotomy; however, the Ve of augmented breaths was not different between groups. In conclusion, C2 hemisection alters the pattern of breathing at 1 and 2 mo postinjury via vagal mechanisms.

scholarly journals A Review of Different Stimulation Methods for Functional Reconstruction and Comparison of Respiratory Function after Cervical Spinal Cord Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Jiaqi Chang ◽  
Dongkai Shen ◽  
Yixuan Wang ◽  
Na Wang ◽  
Ya Liang
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Muscle Stimulation ◽  
Light Stimulation ◽  
Cord Injury

Background. Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a common severe trauma in clinic, hundreds of thousands of people suffer from which every year in the world. In terms of injury location, cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI) has the greatest impact. After cervical spinal cord injury, the lack of innervated muscles is not enough to provide ventilation and other activities to complete the respiratory function. In addition to the decline of respiratory capacity, respiratory complications also have a serious impact on the life of patients. The most commonly used assisted breathing and cough equipment is the ventilator, but in recent years, the functional electrical stimulation method is being used gradually and widely. Methods. About hundred related academic papers are cited for data analysis. They all have the following characteristics: (1) basic conditions of patients were reported, (2) patients had received nerve or muscle stimulation and the basic parameters, and (3) the results were evaluated based on some indicators. Results. The papers mentioned above are classified as four kinds of stimulation methods: muscle electric/magnetic stimulation, spinal dural electric stimulation, intraspinal microstimulation, and infrared light stimulation. This paper describes the stimulation principle and application experiment. Finally, this paper will compare the indexes and effects of typical stimulation methods, as well as the two auxiliary methods: training and operation. Conclusions. Although there is limited evidence for the treatment of respiratory failure by nerve or muscle stimulation after cervical spinal cord injury, the two techniques seem to be safe and effective. At the same time, light stimulation is gradually applied to clinical medicine with its strong advantages and becomes the development trend of nerve stimulation in the future.

scholarly journals Diaphragm Stimulation Enhances Respiratory Function After Cervical Spinal Cord Injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily J Fox ◽  
Kathryn Cavka ◽  
Paul Freeborn ◽  
Geneva Tonuzi ◽  
Andrew Kerwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals An Inertial Measurement Unit-Based Wireless System for Shoulder Motion Assessment in Patients with Cervical Spinal Cord Injury: A Validation Pilot Study in a Clinical Setting

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1057
Author(s):  
Riccardo Bravi ◽  
Stefano Caputo ◽  
Sara Jayousi ◽  
Alessio Martinelli ◽  
Lorenzo Biotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Inertial Measurement ◽  
Cord Injury

Residual motion of upper limbs in individuals who experienced cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI) is vital to achieve functional independence. Several interventions were developed to restore shoulder range of motion (ROM) in CSCI patients. However, shoulder ROM assessment in clinical practice is commonly limited to use of a simple goniometer. Conventional goniometric measurements are operator-dependent and require significant time and effort. Therefore, innovative technology for supporting medical personnel in objectively and reliably measuring the efficacy of treatments for shoulder ROM in CSCI patients would be extremely desirable. This study evaluated the validity of a customized wireless wearable sensors (Inertial Measurement Units—IMUs) system for shoulder ROM assessment in CSCI patients in clinical setting. Eight CSCI patients and eight healthy controls performed four shoulder movements (forward flexion, abduction, and internal and external rotation) with dominant arm. Every movement was evaluated with a goniometer by different testers and with the IMU system at the same time. Validity was evaluated by comparing IMUs and goniometer measurements using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and Limits of Agreement (LOA). inter-tester reliability of IMUs and goniometer measurements was also investigated. Preliminary results provide essential information on the accuracy of the proposed wireless wearable sensors system in acquiring objective measurements of the shoulder movements in CSCI patients.

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