scholarly journals Small amounts of involuntary muscle activity reduce passive joint range of motion

2019 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Diong ◽  
Simon C. Gandevia ◽  
David Nguyen ◽  
Yanni Foo ◽  
Cecilia Kastre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Passive Movement ◽  
Ankle Dorsiflexion ◽  
Passive Joint ◽  
Joint Range Of Motion ◽  
Involuntary Muscle ◽  
Joint Range

When assessing passive joint range of motion in neurological conditions, concomitant involuntary muscle activity is generally regarded small enough to ignore. This assumption is untested. If false, many clinical and laboratory studies that rely on these assessments may be in error. We determined to what extent small amounts of involuntary muscle activity limit passive range of motion in 30 able-bodied adults. Subjects were seated with the knee flexed 90° and the ankle in neutral, and predicted maximal plantarflexion torque was determined using twitch interpolation. Next, with the knee flexed 90° or fully extended, the soleus muscle was continuously electrically stimulated to generate 1, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10% of predicted maximal torque, in random order, while the ankle was passively dorsiflexed to a torque of 9 N·m by a blinded investigator. A trial without stimulation was also performed. Ankle dorsiflexion torque-angle curves were obtained at each percent of predicted maximal torque. On average (mean, 95% confidence interval), each 1% increase in plantarflexion torque decreases ankle range of motion by 2.4° (2.0 to 2.7°; knee flexed 90°) and 2.3° (2.0 to 2.5°; knee fully extended). Thus 5% of involuntary plantarflexion torque, the amount usually considered small enough to ignore, decreases dorsiflexion range of motion by ~12°. Our results indicate that even small amounts of involuntary muscle activity will bias measures of passive range and hinder the differential diagnosis and treatment of neural and nonneural mechanisms of contracture. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The soleus muscle in able-bodied adults was tetanically stimulated while the ankle was passively dorsiflexed. Each 1% increase in involuntary plantarflexion torque at the ankle decreases the range of passive movement into dorsiflexion by >2°. Thus the range of ankle dorsiflexion decreases by ~12° when involuntary plantarflexion torque is 5% of maximum, a torque that is usually ignored. Thus very small amounts of involuntary muscle activity substantially limit passive joint range of motion.

Pre-obesity and obesity impacts on passive joint range of motion

Ergonomics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 1223-1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yihun Jeong ◽  
Suyeon Heo ◽  
Giwhyun Lee ◽  
Woojin Park
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Passive Joint ◽  
Joint Range Of Motion ◽  
Joint Range

scholarly journals The Influence of Peripheral Nerve Injury on the Ankle Joint Range of Motion and the Elasticity of the Soleus Muscle in Rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeya ONO ◽  
Sadaaki OKI ◽  
Junko OCHI ◽  
Shusaku KANAI ◽  
Michele Eisemann SHIMIZU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Ankle Joint ◽  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Injury ◽  
Joint Range Of Motion ◽  
Joint Range

Comparison of Barefoot Walking and Shod Walking Between Children with and Without Flat Feet

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiann-Perng Chen ◽  
Meng-Jung Chung ◽  
Chao-Yin Wu ◽  
Kai-Wen Cheng ◽  
Mao-Jiun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Pelvic Tilt ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Ankle Dorsiflexion ◽  
Heel Strike ◽  
Shoe Condition ◽  
Joint Range Of Motion ◽  
Flat Feet ◽  
Hip Flexion ◽  
Joint Range

Background We sought to investigate the effect of wearing shoes on joint range of motion, ground reaction force (GRF), and muscle activity (electromyography) in children with flat and normal feet during walking. Methods Nine children with flat feet and 12 children with normal feet aged 5 to 11 years were recruited. Each child was instructed to walk on a walkway in the barefoot and shod conditions. Joint range of motion, GRF, and electromyographic data within one gait cycle were collected simultaneously. Two-way analysis of variance was performed to evaluate the effects of foot type and shoe condition on the response measures. Results Children with flat feet had greater joint motion and higher muscle activities in the lower extremity, as well as lower vertical GRF and longer duration of the first peak forces in vertical and mediolateral GRFs than children with normal feet while walking. Compared with the barefoot condition, shoe wearing in both groups of children showed an increase in ankle dorsiflexion at heel strike, a decrease in anteroposterior GRF and its duration, and an increase in leg muscle electromyographic activities. Pelvic tilt range of motion was affected by the interaction of foot type and shoe condition. Conclusions Gait performance in pelvic tilt, hip flexion, and ankle dorsiflexion were different between the two groups of children. Wearing shoes increased the muscle activities of the shin. This finding can provide important information for clinical assessment of and shoe design for children with flat feet.

scholarly journals Functional Movement Screen task scores and joint range-of-motion: a construct validity study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar A Hincapié ◽  
George A Tomlinson ◽  
Malinda Hapuarachchi ◽  
Tatjana Stankovic ◽  
Steven Hirsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Student Athletes ◽  
Ankle Dorsiflexion ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
Validity Study ◽  
Functional Movement Screen ◽  
Functional Movement ◽  
Joint Range Of Motion ◽  
Joint Range

Little is known about the construct validity of the Functional Movement Screen (FMS). We aimed to assess associations between FMS task scores and measures of maximum joint range-of-motion (ROM) among university varsity student-athletes from 4 sports (volleyball, basketball, ice hockey, and soccer). Athletes performed FMS tasks and had their maximum ankle, hip and shoulder ROM measured. Multivariable linear regression was used to estimate associations between FMS task scores and ROM measurements. 101 university student-athletes were recruited (52 W/49 M; mean age 20.4±1.9 years). In general, athletes with higher FMS task scores had greater ROM compared to those with lower task scores. For example, athletes who scored 2 on the FMS squat task had 4˚ (95% CI, 1˚ to 7˚) more uni-articular ankle dorsiflexion ROM compared with those who scored 1, while those who scored 3 on the FMS squat task had 10˚ (4˚ to 17˚) more uni-articular ankle dorsiflexion ROM compared with those who scored 1. Large variation in ROM measurements was observed. In sum, substantial overlap in joint ROM between groups of athletes with different FMS task scores weakens the construct validity of the FMS as an indicator of specific joint ROM.

MANAGEMENT OF STIFF HAND: AN OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY PERSPECTIVE

Hand Surgery ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 261-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine M. W. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Joint Stiffness ◽  
Main Principle ◽  
Pressure Therapy ◽  
Passive Joint ◽  
Joint Range Of Motion ◽  
Tissue Healing ◽  
Low Load ◽  
Joint Range ◽  
Joint Limitation

Joint stiffness, resulting from a variety of complications after hand injuries, remains a common problem. Prolonged swelling, scar formation and shortening of soft tissue after prolonged period of immobilisation are the major causes leading to the loss of joint range of motion. Treatment used to improve the joint stiffness should be integrative and problem-focused. Pressure therapy, active and passive mobilisation through remedial activities and corrective splinting should be started as soon as problems arise. Applying low-load stress through prolonged periods of time onto the shortened tissue at its maximum tolerable range is the main principle in restoration of passive joint range of motion. The greater the joint limitation becomes, the longer the time the splint should be applied. Therapists should understand the process of tissue healing and different functions of splints before a correct and effective splint can be prescribed properly.

Reliability of Ankle Goniometric Measurements

2005 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 564-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
RobRoy L. Martin ◽  
Thomas G. McPoil
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Ankle Dorsiflexion ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Joint Range Of Motion ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Motion Measurements ◽  
Goniometric Measurements ◽  
Joint Range

This article reviews the existing range-of-motion measurement literature related to ankle dorsiflexion and plantarflexion to determine whether the reliability of ankle range-of-motion measurements can be defined, how the characteristics of the study population or clinician affect reliability, and the level of responsiveness for these measures. A MEDLINE search was performed through February 2004, and 11 articles met the inclusion criteria established for this review. Ample evidence was found for intrarater reliability for ankle dorsiflexion and plantarflexion range of motion. Although some evidence for interrater reliability of dorsiflexion was found, little evidence for interrater reliability of plantarflexion range of motion was uncovered. On the basis of the current literature, the responsiveness of ankle joint range-of-motion measurements is uncertain and requires further studies using patient populations. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 95(6): 564–572, 2005)

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