scholarly journals Temporal coordination of olfactory cortex sharp-wave activity with up- and downstates in the orbitofrontal cortex during slow-wave sleep

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Onisawa ◽  
Hiroyuki Manabe ◽  
Kensaku Mori
Keyword(s):  
Slow Wave ◽  
Orbitofrontal Cortex ◽  
Slow Wave Sleep ◽  
Time Windows ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Piriform Cortex ◽  
Olfactory Cortex ◽  
Field Potentials ◽  
Temporal Coordination ◽  
Anterior Piriform Cortex

During slow-wave sleep, interareal communications via coordinated, slow oscillatory activities occur in the large-scale networks of the mammalian neocortex. Because olfactory cortex (OC) areas, which belong to paleocortex, show characteristic sharp-wave (SPW) activity during slow-wave sleep, we examined whether OC SPWs in freely behaving rats occur in temporal coordination with up- and downstates of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) slow oscillation. Simultaneous recordings of local field potentials and spike activities in the OC and OFC showed that during the downstate in the OFC, the OC also exhibited downstate with greatly reduced neuronal activity and suppression of SPW generation. OC SPWs occurred during two distinct phases of the upstate of the OFC: early-phase SPWs occurred at the start of upstate shortly after the down-to-up transition in the OFC, whereas late-phase SPWs were generated at the end of upstate shortly before the up-to-down transition. Such temporal coordination between neocortical up- and downstates and olfactory system SPWs was observed between the prefrontal cortex areas (OFC and medial prefrontal cortex) and the OC areas (anterior piriform cortex and posterior piriform cortex). These results suggest that during slow-wave sleep, OC and OFC areas communicate preferentially in specific time windows shortly after the down-to-up transition and shortly before the up-to-down transition. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Simultaneous recordings of local field potentials and spike activities in the anterior piriform cortex (APC) and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) during slow-wave sleep showed that APC sharp waves tended to occur during two distinct phases of OFC upstate: early phase, shortly after the down-to-up transition, and late phase, shortly before the up-to-down transition, suggesting that during slow-wave sleep, olfactory cortex and OFC areas communicate preferentially in the specific time windows.

scholarly journals Sharp wave-associated synchronized inputs from the piriform cortex activate olfactory tubercle neurons during slow-wave sleep

2014 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimiya Narikiyo ◽  
Hiroyuki Manabe ◽  
Kensaku Mori
Keyword(s):  
Slow Wave ◽  
Olfactory System ◽  
Slow Wave Sleep ◽  
Piriform Cortex ◽  
Current Source ◽  
Olfactory Tubercle ◽  
Neuronal Circuitry ◽  
Anterior Piriform Cortex ◽  
Sharp Waves ◽  
Density Analysis

During slow-wave sleep, anterior piriform cortex neurons show highly synchronized discharges that accompany olfactory cortex sharp waves (OC-SPWs). The OC-SPW-related synchronized activity of anterior piriform cortex neurons travel down to the olfactory bulb and is thought to be involved in the reorganization of bulbar neuronal circuitry. However, influences of the OC-SPW-related activity on other regions of the central olfactory system are still unknown. Olfactory tubercle is an area of OC and part of ventral striatum that plays a key role in reward-directed motivational behaviors. In this study, we show that in freely behaving rats, olfactory tubercle receives OC-SPW-associated synchronized inputs during slow-wave sleep. Local field potentials in the olfactory tubercle showed SPW-like activities that were in synchrony with OC-SPWs. Single-unit recordings showed that a subpopulation of olfactory tubercle neurons discharged in synchrony with OC-SPWs. Furthermore, correlation analysis of spike activity of anterior piriform cortex and olfactory tubercle neurons revealed that the discharges of anterior piriform cortex neurons tended to precede those of olfactory tubercle neurons. Current source density analysis in urethane-anesthetized rats indicated that the current sink of the OC-SPW-associated input was located in layer III of the olfactory tubercle. These results indicate that OC-SPW-associated synchronized discharges of piriform cortex neurons travel to the deep layer of the olfactory tubercle and drive discharges of olfactory tubercle neurons. The entrainment of olfactory tubercle neurons in the OC-SPWs suggests that OC-SPWs coordinate reorganization of neuronal circuitry across wide areas of the central olfactory system including olfactory tubercle during slow-wave sleep.

Focal Synchronization of Ripples (80–200 Hz) in Neocortex and Their Neuronal Correlates

2001 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 1884-1898 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Grenier ◽  
Igor Timofeev ◽  
Mircea Steriade
Keyword(s):  
Slow Wave ◽  
Slow Wave Sleep ◽  
Spiking Neurons ◽  
Slow Oscillation ◽  
Field Potentials ◽  
Firing Rates ◽  
Neuronal Excitation ◽  
Neocortical Neurons ◽  
Fast Spiking ◽  
Fast Oscillations

Field potentials from different neocortical areas and intracellular recordings from areas 5 and 7 in acutely prepared cats under ketamine-xylazine anesthesia and during natural states of vigilance in chronic experiments, revealed the presence of fast oscillations (80–200 Hz), termed ripples. During anesthesia and slow-wave sleep, these oscillations were selectively related to the depth-negative (depolarizing) component of the field slow oscillation (0.5–1 Hz) and could be synchronized over ∼10 mm. The dependence of ripples on neuronal depolarization was also shown by their increased amplitude in field potentials in parallel with progressively more depolarized values of the membrane potential of neurons. The origin of ripples was intracortical as they were also detected in small isolated slabs from the suprasylvian gyrus. Of all types of electrophysiologically identified neocortical neurons, fast-rhythmic-bursting and fast-spiking cells displayed the highest firing rates during ripples. Although linked with neuronal excitation, ripples also comprised an important inhibitory component. Indeed, when regular-spiking neurons were recorded with chloride-filled pipettes, their firing rates increased and their phase relation with ripples was modified. Thus besides excitatory connections, inhibitory processes probably play a major role in the generation of ripples. During natural states of vigilance, ripples were generally more prominent during the depolarizing component of the slow oscillation in slow-wave sleep than during the states of waking and rapid-eye movement (REM) sleep. The mechanisms of generation and synchronization, and the possible functions of neocortical ripples in plasticity processes are discussed.

Olfactory cortex generates sharp waves during slow-wave sleep

2010 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. e390
Author(s):  
Ikue Kusumoto-Yoshida ◽  
Hiroyuki Manabe ◽  
Mizuho Ota ◽  
Kensaku Mori
Keyword(s):  
Slow Wave ◽  
Slow Wave Sleep ◽  
Olfactory Cortex ◽  
Sharp Waves

scholarly journals Olfactory Cortex Generates Synchronized Top-Down Inputs to the Olfactory Bulb during Slow-Wave Sleep

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (22) ◽  
pp. 8123-8133 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Manabe ◽  
I. Kusumoto-Yoshida ◽  
M. Ota ◽  
K. Mori
Keyword(s):  
Olfactory Bulb ◽  
Slow Wave ◽  
Slow Wave Sleep ◽  
Olfactory Cortex ◽  
Top Down

scholarly journals Sharp wave-associated activity patterns of olfactory cortical neurons in the mouse piriform cortex

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuki Katori ◽  
Hiroyuki Manabe ◽  
Ai Nakashima ◽  
Eer Dunfu ◽  
Takuya Sasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Slow Wave Sleep ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Piriform Cortex ◽  
Associative Memories ◽  
Firing Rates ◽  
Anterior Piriform Cortex ◽  
Sharp Wave ◽  
Sharp Waves ◽  
Neural Activities

ABSTRACTThe olfactory piriform cortex is thought to participate in olfactory associative memory. Like the hippocampus, which is essential for episodic memory, it belongs to an evolutionally conserved paleocortex and comprises a three-layered cortical structure. During slow-wave sleep, the olfactory piriform cortex becomes less responsive to external odor stimuli and instead displays sharp wave (SPW) activity similar to that observed in the hippocampus. Neural activity patterns during hippocampal SPW have been intensively studied in terms of memory consolidation; however, little is known about the activity patterns of olfactory cortical neurons during olfactory cortex sharp waves (OC-SPWs). In this study, we recorded multi-unit neural activities in the anterior piriform cortex in urethane-anesthetized mice. We found that the activity patterns of olfactory cortical neurons during OC-SPWs were non-randomly organized. Individual olfactory cortical neurons varied in the timings of their peak firing rates during OC-SPW events. Moreover, specific pairs of olfactory cortical neurons were more frequently activated together than expected by chance. On the basis of these observations, we speculate that coordinated activation of specific subsets of olfactory cortical neurons repeats during OC-SPWs, thereby facilitating synaptic plasticity underlying the consolidation of olfactory associative memories.

scholarly journals Differential serotonergic modulation of principal neurons and interneurons in the anterior piriform cortex

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magor L Lőrincz ◽  
Ildikó Piszár
Keyword(s):  
Piriform Cortex ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Olfactory Cortex ◽  
Anterior Piriform Cortex ◽  
Electrophysiological Recordings ◽  
Primary Olfactory Cortex ◽  
Brainstem Raphe ◽  
Evoked Activity ◽  
Sensory Evoked

Originating from the brainstem raphe nuclei, serotonin is an important neuromodulator involved in a variety of physiological and pathological functions. Specific optogenetic stimulation of serotonergic neurons results in the divisive suppression of spontaneous, but not sensory evoked activity in the majority of neurons in the primary olfactory cortex and an increase in firing in a minority of neurons. To reveal the mechanisms involved in this dual serotonergic control of cortical activity we used a combination of in vitro electrophysiological recordings from identified neurons in the primary olfactory cortex, optogenetics and pharmacology and found that serotonin suppressed the activity of principal neurons, but excited local interneurons. The results have important implications in sensory information processing and other functions of the olfactory cortex and related brain areas.

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