scholarly journals Neurogenesis: remembering all or forgetting some

2018 ◽  
Vol 119 (6) ◽  
pp. 2003-2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shikha Jain Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
Adult Neurogenesis ◽  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Induced Forgetting

Research over the last 20 years has begun to elucidate the importance of adult neurogenesis in cognition. Three studies recently asked what might be happening to memories formed before neurogenesis in the hippocampus (Akers KG, Martinez-Canabal A, Restivo L, Yiu AP, De Cristofaro A, Hsiang HL, Wheeler AL, Guskjolen A, Niibori Y, Shoji H, Ohira K, Richards BA, Miyakawa T, Josselyn SA, Frankland PW. Science 344: 598–602, 2014; Epp JR, Silva Mera R, Köhler S, Josselyn SA, Frankland PW. Nat Commun 7: 10838, 2016; Kodali M, Megahed T, Mishra V, Shuai B, Hattiangady B, Shetty AK. J Neurosci 36: 8112–8122, 2016). These studies found conflicting results: running (which increases neurogenesis) induced forgetting in two studies, but there was no difference in memory retrieval after exercise in another. To reconcile these studies, one must understand the processes behind memory maintenance and recall and consider context, species, and other factors.

scholarly journals Neurogenesis-induced forgetting is associated with reduced neuronal activity in CA1 during context fear memory retrieval

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandria Evans ◽  
Gavin A. Scott ◽  
Jonathan R. Epp
Keyword(s):  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Wheel Running ◽  
Fear Memory ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Contextual Fear Conditioning ◽  
Early Gene ◽  
Population Activity ◽  
Contextual Fear ◽  
Induced Forgetting

AbstractHippocampal neurogenesis has a role in many essential learning and memory processes, including forgetting. This forgetting process is important because it prevents proactive interference between old and new memories. While several studies have now established the role of neurogenesis in forgetting, the specific mechanisms mediating neurogenesis-induced forgetting have not been elucidated. The goal of this study was to examine how increased neurogenesis affects the recall of context fear memory in addition to its effects on population activity within hippocampal subregions. We trained mice in contextual fear conditioning and then increased neurogenesis via 4 weeks of voluntary wheel running. Increased neurogenesis led to a reduction in freezing behaviour during context testing, replicating previous studies showing that increased neurogenesis causes forgetting of context fear memories. Additionally, we mapped the expression of the immediate early gene c-Fos within hippocampal subregions and found that increasing neurogenesis led to reduced CA1 c-Fos expression during context testing. The results suggest that reduced CA1 population activity may underlie the association between increased neurogenesis and forgetting.

Memory Retrieval and Language Attrition

2019 ◽  
pp. 87-97
Author(s):  
Jared A. Linck ◽  
Judith F. Kroll
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Lexical Retrieval ◽  
Language Loss ◽  
Language Attrition ◽  
Memory Mechanism ◽  
Inhibitory Mechanisms ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Induced Forgetting ◽  
Multiple Languages

Being bilingual has consequences for lexical retrieval in either language, in some situations leading to reduced access to one of a bilingual’s languages—suggesting the possibility of language attrition. In this chapter, we consider how a general memory mechanism behind forgetting can inform the discussion of bilingual language control. In particular, we focus on retrieval induced forgetting (RIF), which is believed to be driven by inhibition. Research into the psycholinguistic mechanisms supporting bilingual language processing has similarly accumulated a growing body of evidence that inhibitory mechanisms play an important role in developing and maintaining proficiency in multiple languages. We consider whether the phenomenon of native language attrition in fact reflects language loss per se or instead reflects the dynamics of a highly-interactive language system that is constantly in flux.

scholarly journals Context Retrieval as a Critical Component in Selective Memory Retrieval

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl-Heinz T. Bäuml
Keyword(s):  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Temporal Context ◽  
Critical Component ◽  
Memory Research ◽  
Item Repetition ◽  
Induced Forgetting

Selective retrieval often impairs recall of nonretrieved items, a finding referred to as retrieval-induced forgetting. In this article, I review recent research showing that selective retrieval can also improve recall of other items. This research points to a critical role of context retrieval in selective memory retrieval. The concept of context retrieval, which has played a prominent role in other lines of memory research, suggests that selective retrieval can reactivate the retrieved items’ temporal context during study, facilitating recall of other items that had a similar context at study. Such facilitatory effects on recall can arise both when selective item repetition occurs via retrieval and when it occurs via restudy, which suggests a link to the reminding literature. The findings offer new perspectives for investigating and understanding the effects of selective memory retrieval.

scholarly journals The hippocampus, medial prefrontal cortex, and selective memory retrieval: Evidence from a rodent model of the retrieval-induced forgetting effect

Hippocampus ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1070-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jade Q. Wu ◽  
Greg J. Peters ◽  
Pedro Rittner ◽  
Thomas A. Cleland ◽  
David M. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Medial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Rodent Model ◽  
Induced Forgetting

scholarly journals SAMPL: The Spreading Activation and Memory PLasticity Model

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beau Sievers ◽  
Ida Momennejad
Keyword(s):  
Computational Model ◽  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Human Memory ◽  
Memory Disorders ◽  
Spreading Activation ◽  
Plasticity Model ◽  
Memory Enhancement ◽  
Initial Activation ◽  
Induced Forgetting ◽  
Strength Of Association

AbstractWe present the Spreading Activation and Memory PLasticity Model (SAMPL), a computational model of how memory retrieval changes memories. SAMPL restructures memory networks as a function of spreading activation and plasticity. Memory networks are represented as graphs of items in which edge weights capture the strength of association between items. When an item is retrieved, activation spreads across nodes depending on edge weights and the strength of initial activation. A non-monotonic plasticity rule, in turn, updates edge weights following activation. SAMPL simulates human memory phenomena across a number of experiments including retrieval induced forgetting, context-based memory enhancement, and memory synchronization in conversational networks. Our results have implications for theorizing memory disorders such as PTSD and designing computationally assisted conversational therapy.

Recognition-induced forgetting is caused by episodic, not semantic, memory retrieval tasks

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 1539-1547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashleigh M. Maxcey ◽  
Molly McCann ◽  
Samantha Stallkamp
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Memory ◽  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Induced Forgetting

scholarly journals Adult-born neurons immature during learning are necessary for remote memory reconsolidation in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Lods ◽  
Emilie Pacary ◽  
Wilfrid Mazier ◽  
Fanny Farrugia ◽  
Pierre Mortessagne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Imaging ◽  
Adult Neurogenesis ◽  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Remote Memory ◽  
Memory Reconsolidation ◽  
Plastic Process ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Adult Born Neurons

AbstractMemory reconsolidation, the process by which memories are again stabilized after being reactivated, has strengthened the idea that memory stabilization is a highly plastic process. To date, the molecular and cellular bases of reconsolidation have been extensively investigated particularly within the hippocampus. However, the role of adult neurogenesis in memory reconsolidation is unclear. Here, we combined functional imaging, retroviral and chemogenetic approaches in rats to tag and manipulate different populations of rat adult-born neurons. We find that both mature and immature adult-born neurons are activated by remote memory retrieval. However, only specific silencing of the adult-born neurons immature during learning impairs remote memory retrieval-induced reconsolidation. Hence, our findings show that adult-born neurons immature during learning are required for the maintenance and update of remote memory reconsolidation.

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