Temperament and Character in Psychotic Depression Compared with Other Subcategories of Depression and Normal Controls

Background. Support has been found for high harm avoidance as general vulnerability trait for depression and decreased self-directedness (SD) as central state-related personality change. Additional personality characteristics could be present in psychotic depression (PD). Increased noradrenergic activation in PD predicts the involvement of reward dependence (RD).Methods. The data during the acute episode and after full remission from the same subjects, that we used before, were reanalyzed. The dependence of the 7 dimensions of the Temperament and Character Inventory version 9 on PD, three other subcategories of depression, and a group of normal controls was tested by MANCOVA.Results. Low RD at both time points, and low Cooperativeness during the acute episode, were found as additional characteristics of PD.Conclusion. The combination of two premorbid temperaments, high HA and low RD, and the development of a state-related reduction of two character functions, SD and CO, may be the precondition for the development of combined depressive and psychotic psychopathology.

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Measurement of the personality characteristics of ecstasy users by the Cloninger's temperament and character inventory

European Neuropsychopharmacology ◽

10.1016/s0924-977x(03)90032-0 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. S28-S29

Author(s):

M. Torrens ◽

J.M. Ginés ◽

R. Martin-Santos ◽

F. Gutierrez ◽

S. Poudevida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Personality Characteristics ◽

Temperament And Character Inventory ◽

Character Inventory

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Are Personality Characteristics as Measured by the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) Associated with Obesity Treatment Outcomes? A Systematic Review

Current Obesity Reports ◽

10.1007/s13679-018-0294-y ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 27-36 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Riccardo Dalle Grave ◽

Simona Calugi ◽

Marwan El Ghoch

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Treatment Outcomes ◽

Obesity Treatment ◽

Personality Characteristics ◽

Temperament And Character Inventory ◽

Character Inventory

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ABCA1 Polymorphism, a Genetic Risk Factor of Harm Avoidance

Journal of Individual Differences ◽

10.1027/1614-0001/a000235 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (3) ◽

pp. 189-195

Author(s):

Eszter Kotyuk ◽

Viktor Biro ◽

Julianna Bircher ◽

Zsuzsanna Elek ◽

Maria Sasvari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Personality Traits ◽

Haplotype Analysis ◽

Harm Avoidance ◽

Cholesterol Homeostasis ◽

Bonferroni Correction ◽

Temperament And Character Inventory ◽

Character Inventory ◽

Self Harm ◽

Independent Association ◽

Related Personality

Abstract. Even though cholesterol homeostasis and self-harm behaviors have shown to be associated, gene polymorphisms of the cholesterol system have not been studied yet in the context of self-harm related personality traits. Here we present an association study between six ABCA1 polymorphisms and temperament scales measured by Cloninger’s Temperament and Character Inventory on 253 young adults. An association between ABCA1 rs4149264 and harm avoidance has been observed. This association remained significant after Bonferroni correction. Haplotype analysis confirmed an independent association between rs4149264 and harm avoidance. ABCA1, a cholesterol homeostasis gene, is a candidate gene for harm related personality traits.

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Maturity and change in personality: Developmental trends of temperament and character in adulthood

Development and Psychopathology ◽

10.1017/s0954579413000126 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 713-727 ◽

Cited By ~ 97

Author(s):

Kim Josefsson ◽

Markus Jokela ◽

C. Robert Cloninger ◽

Mirka Hintsanen ◽

Johanna Salo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Developmental Trajectories ◽

Population Based ◽

Personality Change ◽

Novelty Seeking ◽

Birth Cohorts ◽

Temperament And Character Inventory ◽

Developmental Patterns ◽

Developmental Trends ◽

Character Inventory ◽

Self Transcendence

AbstractWe studied the developmental trends of temperament and character in a longitudinal population-based sample of Finnish men and women aged 20–45 years using the Temperament and Character Inventory model of personality. Personality was assessed in 1997, 2001, and 2007 (n= 2,104, 2,095, and 2,056, respectively). Mean-level changes demonstrated qualitatively distinct developmental patterns for character (self-directedness, cooperativeness, and self-transcendence) and temperament (novelty seeking, harm avoidance, reward dependence, and persistence). Character developed toward greater maturity, although self-transcendence decreased with age. However, self-transcendence was the strongest predictor of overall personality change. Cohort effects indicated lower level of self-transcendence and higher level of self-directedness and cooperativeness in younger birth cohorts. Regarding temperament, novelty seeking decreased and persistence increased slightly with age. Both high novelty seeking and high persistence predicted overall personality change. These findings suggest that temperament and character traits follow different kinds of developmental trajectories.

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Temperament, Character, and Eating Attitudes in Japanese College Women

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.2003.92.3c.1162 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 92 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 1162-1168

Author(s):

Masahito Tomotake ◽

Takashi Harada ◽

Yasuhito Ishimoto ◽

Tetsuya Tanioka ◽

Tetsuro Ohmori

Keyword(s):

College Women ◽

Japanese Version ◽

Eating Attitudes ◽

Harm Avoidance ◽

Personality Characteristics ◽

Temperament And Character Inventory ◽

Eating Attitudes Test ◽

School Of Nursing ◽

Character Inventory ◽

Food Preoccupation

The present study investigated associations between dimensions of personality characteristics and eating attitudes in Japanese college women. 91 college women with a mean age of 20.7 yr. ( SD ! 2.3 yr.), attending a School of Nursing or a School for Kindergarten Teachers, voluntarily responded to the Japanese version of the Temperament and Character Inventory and the Eating Attitudes Test. A significant positive correlation was found between the scores on the Temperament and Character Inventory subscale of Harm Avoidance and the Eating Attitudes Test total scores (Spearman ρ = .24, p ! .02) and the scores on the Eating Attitudes Test subscale of Food Preoccupation (Spearman ρ = .33, p ! .002). The scores on the Temperament and Character Inventory subscale of Self-directedness showed significant negative correlations with the Eating Attitudes Test total scores (Spearman ρ = –.35, p ! .001) and the scores on the Eating Attitudes Test subscales of Dieting (Spearman ρ = –.29, p ! .005) and Food Preoccupation (Spearman ρ = –.43, p = .0001). The present results suggest that Japanese college women who score high on Harm Avoidance and low on Self-directedness may be more likely to develop inappropriate eating attitudes.

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