scholarly journals Zoonotic Infections in Communities of the James Bay Cree Territory: An Overview of Seroprevalence

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugues Sampasa-Kanyinga ◽  
Benoit Lévesque ◽  
Elhadji Anassour-Laouan-Sidi ◽  
Suzanne Côté ◽  
Bouchra Serhir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Sin Nombre Virus ◽  
Snowshoe Hare ◽  
James Bay ◽  
Zoonotic Infections ◽  
James Bay Cree ◽  
Jamestown Canyon Virus ◽  
California Serogroup

The Cree communities of James Bay are at risk for contracting infectious diseases transmitted by wildlife. Data from serological testing for a range of zoonotic infections performed in the general population (six communities), or trappers and their spouses (one community), were abstracted from four population-based studies conducted in Cree territory (Quebec) between 2005 and 2009. Evidence of exposure toTrichinellaspecies,Toxoplasma gondii,Toxocara canis,Echinococcus granulosus,Leptospiraspecies,Coxiella burnetiiandFrancisella tularensiswas verified in all communities, whereas antibodies against Sin Nombre virus and California serogroup viruses (Jamestown Canyon and snowshoe hare viruses) were evaluated in three and six communities, respectively. Seroprevalence varied widely among communities: snowshoe hare virus (1% to 42%),F tularensis(14% to 37%),Leptospiraspecies (10% to 27%), Jamestown Canyon virus (9% to 24%),C burnetii(0% to 18%),T gondii(4% to 12%),T canis(0% to 10%),E granulosus(0% to 4%) andTrichinellaspecies (0% to 1%). No subject had serological evidence of Sin Nombre virus exposure. These data suggest that large proportions of the Cree population have been exposed to at least one of the targeted zoonotic agents. The Cree population, particularly those most heavily exposed to fauna, as well as the medical staff living in these regions, should be aware of these diseases. Greater awareness would not only help to decrease exposures but would also increase the chance of appropriate diagnostic testing.

scholarly journals Roles of Host Species, Geographic Separation, and Isolation in the Seroprevalence of Jamestown Canyon and Snowshoe Hare Viruses in Newfoundland

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (18) ◽  
pp. 6734-6740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Goff ◽  
Hugh Whitney ◽  
Michael A. Drebot
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Neutralization Assay ◽  
Snowshoe Hare ◽  
Large Mammals ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Neuroinvasive Disease ◽  
Snowshoe Hares ◽  
Jamestown Canyon Virus ◽  
Geographic Separation ◽  
California Serogroup

ABSTRACTCalifornia serogroup viruses, including Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV) and snowshoe hare virus (SSHV), are mosquito-borne members of theBunyaviridaefamily and are endemic across North America. These arboviruses are potential pathogens which occasionally cause neuroinvasive disease in humans and livestock. A neutralization assay was used to document JCV and SSHV seroprevalence using blood collected from a variety of domestic and wildlife host species. These species were sampled in an island setting, Newfoundland, which contains diverse ecoregions, ecological landscapes, and habitats. Seroprevalence rates for each virus differed significantly among host species and within certain species across different geographic areas. JCV was significantly associated with large mammals, and SSHV was significantly associated with snowshoe hares. Seroprevalence rates in the 5 species of animals tested for prior exposure to JCV ranged from 0% in snowshoe hares to 64% in horses. Seroprevalence rates for SSHV ranged from less than 1% in bovines to 55% in all snowshoe hares. The seroprevalence of SSHV differed significantly (P< 0.05) among hares occupying the discrete habitats of watersheds separated by 14 to 35 km. Cattle on farms in boreal forest landscapes displayed significantly higher JCV seroprevalence (P< 0.001) than those on farms located in seacoast landscapes. Lifelong geographic isolation of cattle to insular Newfoundland was associated with significantly lower JCV seroprevalence (P< 0.01) than that for cattle which had lived off-island.

scholarly journals ZOONOTIC INFECTIONS IN COMMUNITIES OF THE JAMES BAY CREE TERRITORY -– AN OVERVIEW OF SEROPREVALENCE

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (1) ◽  
pp. 3805
Author(s):  
Hugues Sampasa-Kanyinga ◽  
Benoît Lévesque ◽  
Eladhji Anassour-Laouan-Sidi ◽  
Suzanne Côté ◽  
Bouchra Serhir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
James Bay ◽  
Zoonotic Infections ◽  
James Bay Cree

Jamestown Canyon and snowshoe hare virus seroprevalence in New Brunswick

2021 ◽  
pp. e20210009
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Mincer ◽  
Stefanie Materniak ◽  
Kristina Dimitrova ◽  
Heidi Wood ◽  
Mahmood Iranpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Snowshoe Hare ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Jamestown Canyon Virus ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
California Serogroup

Background: Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV) and snowshoe hare virus (SSHV) are wide-ranging mosquito-borne arboviruses in the California serogroup viruses (CSGV) that are known to circulate in New Brunswick. Despite potential for debilitating central nervous system manifestations, the prevalence of human exposure to these viruses in New Brunswick is unknown. The goal of this study was to quantify rates of human exposure in New Brunswick to these neglected arboviruses. Methods: A retrospective, anonymized provincial serosurvey was performed using a stratified random sample of residual sera submitted between May 2015 and August 2016. To determine the seroprevalence of JCV and SSHV, competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay–positive samples were confirmed positive using plaque-reduction neutralization testing (PRNT). Results: A total of 452 serum samples were screened. The seroprevalence of antibodies against CSGV was estimated to be 31.6% (95% CI 27.4% to 36.1%) with 143 positive samples. PRNT results indicated that most single virus exposures were due to JCV (38 of 143; 26.6%) rather than SSHV (3 of 143; 2.1%). The species of CSGV that the remaining 102 seropositive people were exposed to could not be precisely determined. Conclusions: The prevalence of human exposure to CSGV is high but comparable to rates observed in other Atlantic Canadian jurisdictions. Studies such as this provide important baseline epidemiological data regarding the risk of exposure to these neglected arboviruses. SSHV and JCV should be considered in the differential diagnosis for undiagnosed febrile and neuroinvasive illness during mosquito season, particularly when testing for common aetiologies is negative or inconclusive.

scholarly journals Methylmercury exposure, PON1 gene variants and serum paraoxonase activity in Eastern James Bay Cree adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 608-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Drescher ◽  
Eric Dewailly ◽  
Caroline Diorio ◽  
Nathalie Ouellet ◽  
Elhadji Anassour Laouan Sidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Variants ◽  
James Bay ◽  
Paraoxonase Activity ◽  
Pon1 Gene ◽  
James Bay Cree ◽  
Methylmercury Exposure ◽  
Serum Paraoxonase

scholarly journals Taeniid cestodes in a wolf pack living in a highly anthropic hilly agro-ecosystem

Parasite ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Fabio Macchioni ◽  
Francesca Coppola ◽  
Federica Furzi ◽  
Simona Gabrielli ◽  
Samuele Baldanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
One Health ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Wolf Population ◽  
Cestode Species ◽  
Taenia Hydatigena ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Zoonotic Infections ◽  
Faecal Samples

The Italian wolf population in human-modified landscapes has increased greatly in the last few decades. Anthropisation increases the risk of transmission of many zoonotic infections and in this context, control of taeniid cestode species needs to be addressed from a One Health perspective. Predator-prey interactions are at the root of taeniid cestode transmission, and the wolf plays a key role in the maintenance and transmission of taeniids. To date, all available data on the taeniids of wolves in Italy refer to populations living in a wild habitat. Between 2018 and 2019, we investigated taeniids in a wolf pack living in a highly anthropic hilly agro-ecosystem. Thirty-eight faecal samples were collected and analysed, 4 of which were also genetically characterised for individual wolves and belonged to three different animals. Samples collected were analysed microscopically and by molecular analysis in order to identify the taeniid species. Taeniid eggs were detected in 34.2% (13/38) of samples. Within samples positive to taeniid eggs only Echinococcus granulosus s.s. and Taenia hydatigena were identified in 26.3% and 10.5% of the samples, respectively. On microscopic examination, Capillaria spp., Ancylostomatidae and Toxocara canis eggs, Crenosoma vulpis larvae, and coccidian oocysts were also found. The combination of low biodiversity of taeniid species with a high occurrence of E. granulosus s.s. recorded in this study could be the consequence of a deeper link occurring between wolves and livestock in human-modified landscapes than in wild settings.

Who owns the problem? Crime and disorder in James Bay Cree communities

1992 ◽  
Vol 34 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 417-434
Author(s):  
Carol LaPrairie ◽  
Eddie Diamond
Keyword(s):  
James Bay ◽  
James Bay Cree
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document