scholarly journals Neuropsychological Functions of μ- and δ-Opioid Systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna G. Polunina ◽  
Evgeny A. Bryun
Keyword(s):  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Stress Reactions ◽  
Endogenous Opioid System ◽  
Endogenous Opioid ◽  
Approach Behavior ◽  
Stress Control ◽  
Neuropsychological Functions ◽  
Behavior Network

Brain opioid innervation is involved in many pathophysiological processes related to drug addiction. The main idea of the present review is that μ-/δ-opioid innervation is an intrinsic component of the motor/approach behavior network, which is activated synergetically with dopaminergic mesocorticolimbic network. Contribution of opioid innervation to the motor/approach behavior processing includes generation of positive emotions and inhibition of pain and stress reactions in order that the individual would be able to reach the vital goal. We cite the neuroanatomical data which showed that motor subcortical nuclei contain the most abundant opioid innervation and its activation is an obligatory component of positive emotions. In the majority of life situations, motor/approach behavior network concomitantly activates pain/stress control opioid network. Intensive cognitive activity induces activation of opioid innervation as well, and both enhancing and impairing effects of opioid agonists on cognitive functioning were demonstrated. Overall, the functioning of endogenous opioid networks may be summarized as following: NO physical/cognitive activity = NO positive emotions plus NO pain/stress control. We suppose that contemporary findings concerning neuropsychological functions of endogenous opioid system explain many controversial issues in neuropsychiatric conditions predisposing to drug addiction and neurological mechanisms of opioid addiction.

scholarly journals Impaired empathy and increased anger following social exclusion in non-intoxicated opioid users

2019 ◽  
Vol 237 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-430
Author(s):  
Molly Carlyle ◽  
Megan Rowley ◽  
Tobias Stevens ◽  
Anke Karl ◽  
Celia J. A. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Social Functioning ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Cognitive Empathy ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Endogenous Opioid System ◽  
Endogenous Opioid ◽  
Opioid Users

Abstract Rationale Social functioning is modulated by the endogenous opioid system. In opioid use disorder, social functioning appears disrupted, but little research has delineated the nature of these deficits and their relationship to acute opioid use. Objectives The current study aimed to assess both emotional and cognitive empathy, along with subjective and physiological responses to social exclusion in opioid users who were either acutely intoxicated or non-intoxicated from using opioids. Methods Individuals on an opioid substitution medication (OSM) were divided into ‘intoxicated users’ (had taken their OSM the same day as testing, n = 20) and ‘non-intoxicated users’ (had taken their OSM > 12 h ago, n = 20) and compared with opioid-naïve controls (n = 24). Empathy was assessed using the multifaceted empathy test and self-report questionnaire. Participants also underwent a period of social exclusion (Cyberball Game) and completed measures of mood and physiological responses (salivary cortisol and heart rate). Results Non-intoxicated users had significantly lower emotional empathy (the ability to experience others’ emotions), as well as greater anger after social exclusion when compared with the intoxicated users and controls. Anger did not change with social exclusion in the intoxicated user group and cortisol levels were lower overall. Conclusions Reduced ability to spontaneously share the emotions of others was reported in non-intoxicated users, particularly regarding positive emotions. There was some support for the idea of hyperalgesia to social pain, but this was restricted to an enhanced anger response in non-intoxicated users. Equivalent rates of empathy between the intoxicated users and controls could indicate some remediating effects of acute opioids.

The endogenous opioid system: A common substrate in drug addiction

2010 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Manuel Trigo ◽  
Elena Martin-García ◽  
Fernando Berrendero ◽  
Patricia Robledo ◽  
Rafael Maldonado
Keyword(s):  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Opioid System ◽  
Endogenous Opioid System ◽  
Endogenous Opioid ◽  
System A ◽  
Common Substrate

MODULATION BY CCK-B RECEPTORS OF THE ANTINOCICEPTIVE AND REWARDING PROPERTIES INDUCED BY THE ENDOGENOUS OPIOID SYSTEM

Analgesia ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 809-812
Author(s):  
O. Valverde ◽  
M.-C. Fournié-Zaluski ◽  
B. P. Roques ◽  
R. Maldonado
Keyword(s):  
Opioid System ◽  
Endogenous Opioid System ◽  
Endogenous Opioid

scholarly journals Nicotine Effects and the Endogenous Opioid System

2014 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiroh Kishioka ◽  
Norikazu Kiguchi ◽  
Yuka Kobayashi ◽  
Fumihiro Saika
Keyword(s):  
Opioid System ◽  
Endogenous Opioid System ◽  
Endogenous Opioid

The Roles of Endogenous Opioid System in the Antidepressant Actions of Ketamine

2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (9) ◽  
pp. S385
Author(s):  
Cheng Jiang ◽  
Ralph DiLeone ◽  
Christopher Pittenger ◽  
Ronald Duman
Keyword(s):  
Opioid System ◽  
Endogenous Opioid System ◽  
Endogenous Opioid

Role of the endogenous opioid system in the analgesic effect of ?-tocopherol in dysmenorrhea

1988 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. N. Kryzhanovskii ◽  
L. P. Bakuleva ◽  
N. L. Luzina ◽  
V. A. Vinogradov ◽  
K. N. Yarygin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Opioid System ◽  
Endogenous Opioid System ◽  
Endogenous Opioid

Modulation of the endogenous opioid system after morphine self-administration and during its extinction: A study in Lewis and Fischer 344 rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 931-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pilar Sánchez-Cardoso ◽  
Alejandro Higuera-Matas ◽  
Sonsoles Martín ◽  
Nuria del Olmo ◽  
Miguel Miguéns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Opioid System ◽  
Fischer 344 Rats ◽  
Endogenous Opioid System ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Endogenous Opioid ◽  
Fischer 344

scholarly journals Prefrontal and striatal dopamine D2/D3 receptors correlate with fMRI BOLD activation during stopping

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Pfeifer ◽  
Alexandra Sebastian ◽  
Hans Georg Buchholz ◽  
Christoph P. Kaller ◽  
Gerhard Gründer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dopamine Receptor ◽  
Response Inhibition ◽  
Neural Circuit ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent ◽  
Stop Signal Task ◽  
Endogenous Opioid System ◽  
Endogenous Opioid ◽  
Genetic Determination ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
The Right

AbstractD2-like dopamine receptors in animals and humans have been shown to be linked to impulsive behaviors that are highly relevant for several psychiatric disorders. Here, we investigate the relationship between the fronto-striatal D2/D3 dopamine receptor availability and response inhibition in a selected population of healthy OPRM1 G-allele carriers. Twenty-two participants successively underwent blood-oxygen level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while performing a stop-signal task and a separate positron emission tomography (PET) scan. Striatal and extrastriatal D2/D3 dopamine receptor availability was measured using the radiotracer [18F]fallypride. Caudate D2/D3 dopamine receptor availability positively correlated with stopping-related fronto-striatal fMRI activation. In addition, right prefrontal D2/D3 dopamine receptor availability correlated positively with stopping-related striatal fMRI BOLD signal. Our study partially replicates previous findings on correlations between striatal D2/D3 dopamine receptor availability and response inhibition in a population selected for its genetic determination of dopamine response to alcohol and as a modulator of impulse control via the endogenous opioid system. We confirm the important role of D2/D3 dopamine receptor availability in the fronto-striatal neural circuit for response inhibition. Moreover, we extend previous findings suggesting that dopamine receptor availability in the right inferior frontal cortex, a crucial region of the stopping network, is also strongly associated with stopping-related striatal fMRI activity in healthy OPRM1 G-allele carriers.

Interleukin-6 is differently modulated by central opioid receptor subtypes

1997 ◽  
Vol 273 (3) ◽  
pp. R956-R959 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bertolucci ◽  
C. Perego ◽  
M. G. De Simoni
Keyword(s):  
Opioid Receptor ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Opioid System ◽  
Receptor Subtypes ◽  
Receptor Blockade ◽  
Endogenous Opioid System ◽  
Endogenous Opioid ◽  
General Role ◽  
Opioid Receptor Subtypes ◽  
Mu Antagonist

The central endogenous opioid system is involved in the modulation of interleukin (IL)-6, an inflammatory cytokine that plays a major role in the acute phase response. The present study evaluates whether specific opioid receptor subtypes are selectively involved in this immunomodulatory action. IL-1 beta was administered either intracerebroventricularly or intraperitoneally at the dose of 400 ng to rats pretreated with the mu-antagonist beta-funaltrexamine, the delta-antagonist naltrindole, or the kappa-antagonist nor-binaltorphimine, each at the doses of 1, 10, and 100 micrograms/rat intracerebroventricularly. Serum IL-6 levels were measured 2 h later. The results show that mu-receptor blockade increases, whereas delta-receptor blockade decreases IL-6 induction, suggesting that the fine tuning exerted by opioids on the immune system may be achieved through a balance of opposing effects. Moreover the three antagonists affect IL-6 induction by central and peripheral IL-1 beta with a similar pattern, indicating that the brain endogenous opioid system plays a general role in the regulation of this cytokine.

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