scholarly journals Subchondral Bone Plate Thickening Precedes Chondrocyte Apoptosis and Cartilage Degradation in Spontaneous Animal Models of Osteoarthritis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaitunnatakhin Zamli ◽  
Kate Robson Brown ◽  
John F. Tarlton ◽  
Mike A. Adams ◽  
Georgina E. Torlot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Bone Remodelling ◽  
Cartilage Degradation ◽  
Bone Plate ◽  
Chondrocyte Apoptosis ◽  
Subchondral Bone Plate ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Medial Side ◽  
And Cartilage

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder characterised by bone remodelling and cartilage degradation and associated with chondrocyte apoptosis. These processes were investigated at 10, 16, 24, and 30 weeks in Dunkin Hartley (DH) and Bristol Strain 2 (BS2) guinea pigs that develop OA spontaneously. Both strains had a more pronounced chondrocyte apoptosis, cartilage degradation, and subchondral bone changes in the medial than the lateral side of the tibia, and between strains, the changes were always greater and faster in DH than BS2. In the medial side, a significant increase of chondrocyte apoptosis and cartilage degradation was observed in DH between 24 and 30 weeks of age preceded by a progressive thickening and stiffening of subchondral bone plate (Sbp). The Sbp thickness consistently increased over the 30-week study period but the bone mineral density (BMD) of the Sbp gradually decreased after 16 weeks. The absence of these changes in the medial side of BS2 may indicate that the Sbp of DH was undergoing remodelling. Chondrocyte apoptosis was largely confined to the deep zone of articular cartilage and correlated with thickness of the subchondral bone plate suggesting that cartilage degradation and chondrocyte apoptosis may be a consequence of continuous bone remodelling during the development of OA in these animal models of OA.

scholarly journals Changes of density distribution of the subchondral bone plate after supramalleolar osteotomy for valgus ankle osteoarthritis

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1356-1361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Egloff ◽  
Jochen Paul ◽  
Geert Pagenstert ◽  
Patrick Vavken ◽  
Beat Hintermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Distribution ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Bone Plate ◽  
Subchondral Bone Plate ◽  
Ankle Osteoarthritis ◽  
Supramalleolar Osteotomy

The mineralization patterns at the subchondral bone plate of the glenoid cavity in healthy shoulders

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph U. Schulz ◽  
Manfred Pfahler ◽  
Hermann M. Anetzberger ◽  
Christoph R. Becker ◽  
Magdalena Müller-Gerbl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Bone Plate ◽  
Subchondral Bone Plate ◽  
Glenoid Cavity

scholarly journals Biochemical Signals Mediate the Crosstalk between Cartilage and Bone in Osteoarthritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Xuchang Zhou ◽  
Hong Cao ◽  
Yu Yuan ◽  
Wei Wu
Keyword(s):  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Bone Remodelling ◽  
Functional Unit ◽  
Subchondral Bone Plate ◽  
Calcified Cartilage ◽  
Osteoarthritis Treatment ◽  
And Function ◽  
Biochemical Signals ◽  
Joint Integrity

Osteochondral junction is a functional unit comprising the articular cartilage, calcified cartilage, and subchondral bone. Alteration in any component of this composite unit can disrupt the joint integrity and function directly or indirectly. Biochemical signals mediate the crosstalk between tissues and play an essential role in the initiation and progression of osteoarthritis. As osteoarthritis progresses, abnormal subchondral bone remodelling leads to increased angiogenesis and porosity of the subchondral bone plate, which further triggers biochemical signals to mediate the crosstalk between cartilage and bone, contributing to the progression of osteoarthritis. Notably, common biochemical signals include the TGF-β/Smad, Wnt/β-catenin, RANK/RANKL/OPG, and MAPK pathways. This biomarker crosstalk network is the basis of osteoarthritis pathogenesis, and some of their key regulators may be potential therapeutic targets for osteoarthritis drug therapy. This review summarised the biochemical crosstalk between cartilage and bone in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis, which may provide the basis for the discovery of osteoarthritis treatment targets.

scholarly journals Supramalleolar osteotomy and AMIC cartilage reconstruction in severe cartilage lesion

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 2473011418S0048
Author(s):  
Hajo Thermann
Keyword(s):  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Cystic Lesion ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cartilage Lesion ◽  
Bone Plate ◽  
Subchondral Bone Plate ◽  
Cartilage Lesions ◽  
Supramalleolar Osteotomy ◽  
Cartilage Reconstruction

Category: Ankle Introduction/Purpose: Severve cartilage lesion is defined by the author as: Cartilage substantial deterioration of the subchondral bone Kissing lesion, tibial and talar lesion. Gross cystic lesion Cartilage damage greater than 1/3 of the talar dome or the tibial platform Slerotic changes of the subchondral bone plate in arthritic cases in severe hindfoot varus or valgus alignment. This paper shows in a case series, exceptional cartilage lesions with the above mentioned pathological changes. The indications, strategies for osteotomies and the treatment strategies in malaligned bipolar, cystic and gross cartilage lesions is explained. Methods: 35 patients with severe circumscript varus / valgus arthritis have been operated by supramalleolar osteotomy (SMOT), 11 of them with (tibial & talar “kissing”) lesions. 70 patients presented bipolar (tibial & talar “kissing”) lesions with correct hindfoot axis. 18 patients had a gross cystic lesion and were additionally treated with filling of the cysts. 2 of them had a “kissing lesion”. Results: All patients received an AMIC procedure (hyaluronic matrix, Hyalofast©) for cartilage reconstruction. The biological healing support was in all cases bone marrow aspirate and ACP© growth factors. The subchondral bone plate was treated aggressively was a power raps or burr according to L. Johnson technique The importance of a supramalleolar and calcaneous osteotomy in a hindfoot malalignment (varus / valgus) as a treatment key aspect for load transfer is elaborated. Planned early implant removal with revision und biological boosting of the cartilage regeneration is a further cornerstone of the treatment. Followup were evaluated by FAOS score Conclusion: This cases series have shown the possibilities for a successfull managing of this severe lesions and offers also its limit in the over all results.

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