Peripheral Neuropathy and Tear Film Dysfunction in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Purpose.To compare tear film metrics in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) and healthy controls and investigate the association between peripheral neuropathy and ocular surface quality.Methods.Dry eye symptoms were quantified in 53 patients with type 1 DM and 40 age-matched controls. Ocular examination included tear film lipid layer thickness grading, tear film stability and quantity measurement, and retinal photography. DM individuals additionally underwent a detailed neuropathy assessment.Results.Neither mean age nor dry eye symptom scores differed significantly between the DM and control groups (P=0.12andP=0.33, resp.). Tear lipid thickness (P=0.02), stability (P<0.0001), and quantity (P=0.01) were significantly lower in the DM group. Corneal sensitivity was also reduced in the DM group (P<0.001) and tear film stability was inversely associated with total neuropathy score (r=-0.29,P=0.03).Conclusion.The DM group exhibited significantly reduced tear film stability, secretion, and lipid layer quality relative to the age-matched control group. The negative correlation between tear film parameters and total neuropathy score suggests that ocular surface abnormalities occur in parallel with diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

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Alterations of Tear Film and Ocular Surface in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Ocular Immunology and Inflammation ◽

10.1080/09273948.2019.1571212 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 362-369

Author(s):

Merve Inanc ◽

Hasan Kiziltoprak ◽

Rumeysa Hekimoglu ◽

Kemal Tekin ◽

Servan Ozalkak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Ocular Surface ◽

Tear Film

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Clinical manifestations of the dry eye syndrome for women in menopause

Pediatrician (St Petersburg) ◽

10.17816/ped5225-29 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 25-29

Author(s):

Nataliya Nikolayevna Sadovnikova ◽

Galiya Fettyakhovna Kutusheva

Keyword(s):

Dry Eye ◽

Ocular Surface ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Tear Film ◽

Dry Eye Syndrome ◽

Menopausal Syndrome ◽

Film Stability ◽

Tear Film Stability ◽

Functional Features ◽

Subjective Discomfort

To assess the effect of menopausal syndrome manifestations in the manifestation of «dry eye» examined 63 women . All examined the condition of the ocular surface, tear film stability, severity of subjective discomfort . Revealed that the dry eye syndrome in postmenopausal women occurs predominantly in the mild and moderate forms, with the severity of clinical and functional features of dry eye syndrome significantly correlated with severity of menopausal symptoms .

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An evaluation of Retaine™ ophthalmic emulsion in the management of tear film stability and ocular surface staining in patients diagnosed with dry eye

Clinical Ophthalmology ◽

10.2147/opth.s75297 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 235 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

George Ousler ◽

Douglas Devries ◽

Paul Karpecki ◽

Joseph B Ciolino

Keyword(s):

Dry Eye ◽

Ocular Surface ◽

Tear Film ◽

Film Stability ◽

Tear Film Stability ◽

Surface Staining

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Corneal sensitivity, ocular surface health and tear film stability after punctal plug therapy of aqueous deficient dry eye

International Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.18240/ijo.2016.11.10 ◽

2016 ◽

Keyword(s):

Dry Eye ◽

Ocular Surface ◽

Tear Film ◽

Corneal Sensitivity ◽

Film Stability ◽

Tear Film Stability ◽

Ocular Surface Health ◽

Punctal Plug

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Importance of the lipid layer in human tear film stability and evaporation

International Contact Lens Clinic ◽

10.1016/s0892-8967(97)90017-1 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 24 (4) ◽

pp. 152-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Tear Film ◽

Lipid Layer ◽

Film Stability ◽

Tear Film Stability

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Associations between dry eye symptoms with tear film stability, volume, and osmolarity in a sample of young adults in Kuala Lumpur

Sudanese Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.4103/sjopthal.sjopthal_14_18 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 32

Author(s):

Bariah Mohd-Ali ◽

MohamadHanif Hajar-Maidin ◽

Asmah Ahmad ◽

Zainora Mohammed ◽

Jamaluddin Mohamed

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Dry Eye ◽

Tear Film ◽

Kuala Lumpur ◽

Film Stability ◽

Tear Film Stability ◽

Eye Symptoms ◽

Dry Eye Symptoms

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Association among Blink Rate, Changes in Ocular Surface Temperature, Tear Film Stability, and Functional Visual Acuity in Patients after Cataract Surgery

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2019/8189097 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Takashi Itokawa ◽

Yukinobu Okajima ◽

Takashi Suzuki ◽

Tatsuhiko Kobayashi ◽

Yuto Tei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Cataract Surgery ◽

Ocular Surface ◽

Tear Film ◽

Blink Rate ◽

Film Stability ◽

Tear Film Stability ◽

Functional Visual Acuity ◽

Film Group

Purpose. To investigate the association among the ocular surface temperature (OST), tear film stability, functional visual acuity (FVA), and blink rate in patients after cataract surgery. Methods. We recruited 98 eyes of 69 patients (mean age, 73.7 ± 5.2 years) 1 month after phacoemulsification with implantation of acrylic intraocular lenses and assessed slit-lamp microscopy, corrected distance VA, FVA, noninvasive tear breakup time (NIBUT), and OST. We defined the changes in the OST from 0 to 10 seconds after eye opening as the ΔOST. We measured the FVA and blink rate using the FVA measurement system. We divided the patients into two groups based on tear film stability: stable tear film (NIBUT, >5.0 seconds) and unstable tear film (NIBUT, ≤5.0 seconds). We evaluated the differences between the two groups and the association between the blink rate and other clinical parameters. Results. The unstable tear film group (56 eyes) had significantly (p<0.0001, unpaired t-test) shorter NIBUTs than the stable tear film group (42 eyes). The ΔOSTs and blink rates were significantly (p<0.0001) higher in the unstable tear film group than in the stable group. Linear single regression analysis showed that the ΔOST (r = −0.430, p<0.0001), NIBUT (r = −0.392, p<0.0001), and gender (r = −0.370, p=0.0002) were correlated significantly with the blink rate. Multiple regression analysis showed that the ΔOST independently contributed to the blink rate. Conclusions. The frequency of blinks is associated with tear film stability in patients after cataract surgery. The blink rate may be useful for evaluating the tear film stability in clinical practice. The ΔOST should be an important contributing factor to the blink rate. [This trial is registered with UMIN000026970].

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