scholarly journals Data-Driven Recovery Potential Analysis and Modeling for Batteries Recovery Operations in Electric Bicycle Industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Ping Zhang ◽  
Guangfu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Bicycle Industry ◽  
Lead Acid Batteries ◽  
Recovery Potential ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Electric Bicycle ◽  
Electric Bicycles ◽  
The Government ◽  
Stanford Model ◽  
Lead Acid

To help the government manage waste lead-acid batteries in a more targeted and sustainable way, accurately forecasting the number of waste lead-acid batteries and analyzing their recovery potential play a key role. In China, electric bicycles are one of the most common means of transportation. As of the end of 2017, the social holding quantity of electric bicycles in China was over 250 million and that of electric tricycles was over 50 million. The quantity is equal to the total number of electric bicycles manufactured between 2011 and 2017. Currently, 90% of electric bicycles adopt lead-acid batteries as their power batteries. However, there are a few studies on the lead-acid batteries used in electric bicycles as power batteries. In this paper, we have selected lead-acid batteries used in electric bicycles as the subject of research as such kind of batteries enjoys the widest user base, the most single-battery consumption volume, and the strongest mobility. Based on the output and sales of electric bicycles, we have obtained the quantity of power lead-acid batteries. We have then estimated the annual waste quantity of lead-acid batteries used in electric bicycles in 2000-2022 using the “market supply A model” and the “Stanford Model”, respectively, and based on the proportion of raw materials contained in lead-acid batteries and the proportion between reclaimed and discarded lead-acid batteries, we have estimated the recovery potential of discarded lead-acid batteries in 2000-2022. We estimate that the lead-acid batteries used in electric bicycles only have great recovery potential and there are abundant potential resources for recovery. The research data and results can help decision-makers make more effective and more accurate management measures and policies.

The Development of the Electro-Hydraulic Driving Bicycle

2013 ◽  
Vol 373-375 ◽  
pp. 2132-2135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lv Chang ◽  
Jun Fei Yao
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Hydraulic Drive ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Parameter Calculation ◽  
Bicycle Industry ◽  
Electric Bicycle ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Electric Bicycles ◽  
Selection Of

Electric bicycles as a new means of transportation is gradually rise. this paper introduces hydraulic drive into electric bicycle, avoiding the problems of frequent adjustment and repair, and reducing the noise. Electric hydraulic driving bicycle may be a new road to develop the electric bicycle industry. This paper combines the working principle of electro-hydraulic driving bicycle, determining the performance parameters of electro-hydraulic driving bicycle, and the parameter calculation and selection of components in the hydraulic system.

scholarly journals Circular Business Models for Remanufacturing in the Electric Bicycle Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina Koop ◽  
Julian Grosse Erdmann ◽  
Jan Koller ◽  
Frank Döpper
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
Bicycle Industry ◽  
Service Models ◽  
Electric Bicycle ◽  
Use Phase ◽  
Electric Bicycles

The rising popularity and strong increase in the number of electric bicycles make it necessary to consider the built-in resources as well as possible treatments after the use phase. The time lag between the purchase and the occurrence of relevant defects suggests significant increases in defective components. Especially the great dynamics of the market due to regular innovations, product renewals, and the lack of spare parts availability for older models make the long-term use by customers much more difficult than for conventional bicycles. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze circular business models for the electric bicycle market. In this way, the required structures for a sustainable electric bicycle industry can be created so that valuable materials do not go into disposal but undergo a new use phase. Based on the results of “AddRE-Mo–Value Preservation Scenarios for Urban Electromobility of Persons and Loads through Additive Manufacturing and Remanufacturing,” a research project funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, this paper addresses four circular business models, two sales models, and two service models. The guiding research interest of this paper is the combination of remanufacturing and additive manufacturing from a business model perspective, analyzing the extent to which additive remanufacturing can be considered a solution for electric bicycles' circularity. After describing the approach and methods used to develop these four circular business models the business models are described and analyzed using the Business Model Canvas. Based on this analysis, it is shown that the combination of remanufacturing and additive manufacturing can be applied to the electric bicycle market and be integrated into both sales and service models. The description of these business models will help managers design viable business models in the context of sustainable electric bicycles. It also shows that the individual partners within the value chain must collaborate more closely. In the electric bicycle industry, a single company will probably not be able to close the product cycle completely. Further research is needed to develop concepts of the business models and examine their practical feasibility in technical and organizational operations to achieve a circular economy.

Investigation of lead dendrite growth in the formation of valve-regulated lead-acid batteries for electric bicycle applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 286 ◽  
pp. 182-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanzhen Zeng ◽  
Jingcheng Hu ◽  
Wenmei Ye ◽  
Wenchao Zhao ◽  
Gang Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendrite Growth ◽  
Lead Acid Batteries ◽  
Electric Bicycle ◽  
Lead Acid

Life cycle assessment of lead-acid batteries used in electric bicycles in China

2015 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 1149-1156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Jing Sang ◽  
Lujun Chen ◽  
Jinping Tian ◽  
Huatang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Lead Acid Batteries ◽  
Electric Bicycles ◽  
Lead Acid

Failure modes of valve-regulated lead-acid batteries for electric bicycle applications in deep discharge

2009 ◽  
Vol 191 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonglang Guo ◽  
Shengqun Tang ◽  
Gang Meng ◽  
Shijun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Lead Acid Batteries ◽  
Electric Bicycle ◽  
Lead Acid

Starter lead-acid batteries

1990 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
Claude Pascon
Keyword(s):  
Lead Acid Batteries ◽  
Lead Acid

PEMETAAN TEKNOLOGI INDUSTRI KELAPA SAWIT NASIONAL DAN KEBIJAKAN PENGEMBANGANNYA

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Subiyanto Subiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Missing Value ◽  
Technology Capability ◽  
The Government

Palm oil industry in Indonesia has been growing rapidly. But, unfortunately the growth is only effective on upstream industry with low value products, such that potential downstream value added are not explored proportionally. The government is therefore in the process of developing an appropriate policy to strengthen the national palm oil downstream industry. This paper proposes that an approriate policy for developing palm oil downstream industry could be derived from the maps of value chain and existing technology capability of the industry. The result recommends that government policy should emphasize on the supply of raw materials, infrastructure and utilities, as well as developing the missing value chain industry, especially ethoxylation and sulfonation.

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