scholarly journals Florid Cemento-Osseous Dysplasia-Associated Simple Bone Cyst Showing Marked Irregular Border and High Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Value

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ikuho Kojima ◽  
Takashi Nishioka ◽  
Maya Sakamoto ◽  
Yuko Sai ◽  
Yushi Ezoe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cyst ◽  
High Density ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Simple Bone Cyst ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Osseous Dysplasia ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Irregular Border ◽  
The Right

A simple bone cyst (SBC) is an intrabone cavity without epithelial lining, which occasionally occur with fibrous-osseous lesions. The imaging finding of the scalloped border and conserving the lamina dura, periodontal ligament spaces, or follicular spaces are considered radiographically pathognomonic of SBC. SBC has been reported to occur with fibrous-osseous lesions, including cemento-osseous dysplasia (COD). Computed tomography (CT) imaging findings are sparse, and there are no reports of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, including apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value calculated by diffusion-weighted MRI for the florid COD-associated SBC. We report a case of a 39-year-old woman who was referred to our hospital because a panoramic radiograph of her right mandible showed asymptomatic radiolucency in the apical molar area. CT images showed a low-density lesion in the periapical areas of the right mandible, which accompanied a well-defined, high-density lesion, and a mixed low/high-density lesion with an unusual marked irregular border in the left mandible. The MRI showed cyst-like extremely hyperintense signals on fat-suppressed T2-weighted images at the right mandibular low-density and the left mandibular mixed low/high-density areas. ADC map showed high values (over 2.5×10−3 mm2/s) at the cystic areas in the bilateral mandible. We performed incisional biopsies of the bilateral mandibular lesions and resections of the bilateral maxillary lesions. Surgical and histopathological findings established a diagnosis of florid COD in the bilateral mandible and maxilla, simultaneously complicated by multiple SBCs in the bilateral mandible. The ADC value of cystic component is useful for the diagnosis, if the COD-associated SBC exhibits solitary, nonspecific, or rare imaging findings.

scholarly journals Simple bone cyst associated with florid osseous dysplasia: 2 case reports

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Alix Fauroux ◽  
Sophie Menjot de Champfleur ◽  
Jacques-Henri Torres
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Bone Cyst ◽  
Simple Bone Cyst ◽  
Osseous Dysplasia

Recent advances in physiological lipoprotein metabolism

2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Indra Ramasamy
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cholesteryl Ester ◽  
Ldl Receptor ◽  
Lipoprotein Metabolism ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Transfer Protein ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
The Right

AbstractResearch into lipoprotein metabolism has developed because understanding lipoprotein metabolism has important clinical indications. Lipoproteins are risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Recent advances include the identification of factors in the synthesis and secretion of triglyceride rich lipoproteins, chylomicrons (CM) and very low density lipoproteins (VLDL). These included the identification of microsomal transfer protein, the cotranslational targeting of apoproteinB (apoB) for degradation regulated by the availability of lipids, and the characterization of transport vesicles transporting primordial apoB containing particles to the Golgi. The lipase maturation factor 1, glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored high density lipoprotein binding protein 1 and an angiopoietin-like protein play a role in lipoprotein lipase (LPL)-mediated hydrolysis of secreted CMs and VLDL so that the right amount of fatty acid is delivered to the right tissue at the right time. Expression of the low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor is regulated at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional level. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) has a pivotal role in the degradation of LDL receptor. Plasma remnant lipoproteins bind to specific receptors in the liver, the LDL receptor, VLDL receptor and LDL receptor-like proteins prior to removal from the plasma. Reverse cholesterol transport occurs when lipid free apoAI recruits cholesterol and phospholipid to assemble high density lipoprotein (HDL) particles. The discovery of ABC transporters (ABCA1 and ABCG1) and scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) provided further information on the biogenesis of HDL. In humans HDL-cholesterol can be returned to the liver either by direct uptake by SR-BI or through cholesteryl ester transfer protein exchange of cholesteryl ester for triglycerides in apoB lipoproteins, followed by hepatic uptake of apoB containing particles. Cholesterol content in cells is regulated by several transcription factors, including the liver X receptor and sterol regulatory element binding protein. This review summarizes recent advances in knowledge of the molecular mechanisms regulating lipoprotein metabolism.

scholarly journals Pure Lymphoepithelioma-Like Carcinoma Originating from the Urinary Bladder

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 188-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Nagai ◽  
Taku Naiki ◽  
Noriyasu Kawai ◽  
Keitaro Iida ◽  
Toshiki Etani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Undifferentiated Carcinoma ◽  
Bladder Tumors ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Adc Values ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
The Right

Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the urinary bladder (LELCB) is a rare variant of infiltrating urothelial carcinoma. We report a case of LELCB in a 43-year-old man. Ultrasonography and cystoscopy revealed two bladder tumors, one on the left side of the trigone and the other on the right side of the trigone. Transurethral resection of the bladder tumors was performed and pathological analysis revealed undifferentiated carcinoma. We therefore performed radical cystectomy and urinary diversion. Immunohistochemically the tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin, but negative for Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNA in situ hybridization as found for previous cases of LELCB. The final pathological diagnosis was a lymphoepithelioma-like variant of urothelial carcinoma with perivesical soft tissue invasion. For adjuvant systemic chemotherapy, three courses of cisplatin were administered. The patient subsequently became free of cancer 72 months postoperatively. Based on the literature, pure or predominant LELCB types show favorable prognoses due to their sensitivity to chemotherapy or radiotherapy. An analysis of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of bladder tumors examined in our institution revealed that the ADC value measured for this LELCB was relatively low compared to conventional urothelial carcinomas. This suggests that measuring the ADC value of a lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma prior to operation may be helpful in predicting LELCB.

scholarly journals Co-Occurence of Florid Cemento-Osseous Dysplasia and Simple Bone Cyst: a Case Report

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumuda Arvind Rao ◽  
Shishir Ram Shetty ◽  
Subhas G. Babu ◽  
Renita Lorina Castelino
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Bone Cyst ◽  
Simple Bone Cyst ◽  
Osseous Dysplasia

scholarly journals Jaffe-Lichtenstein Syndrome Associated with a Simple Bone Cyst: Unprecedented Rare Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 557-561
Author(s):  
Poliana Gonçalves Miranda ◽  
João César Guimaraes Henriques ◽  
Luiz Fernando Barbosa de Paulo ◽  
Cizelene do Carmo Faleiros Veloso Guedes ◽  
Fabio Franceschini Mitri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fibrous Dysplasia ◽  
Bone Cyst ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Bone Architecture ◽  
World Health ◽  
Ossifying Fibroma ◽  
Simple Bone Cyst ◽  
Single Bone ◽  
The Right

Abstract Lesions denominated fibro-osseous lesions of the jaw constitute a diversified group of disorders, in which the normal bone architecture is replaced by fibroblasts, collagen fibers and immature bone. At present, the World Health Organization recognizes four variants of these lesions, namely: bone-cement dysplasia, fibrous dysplasia, ossifying fibroma and Familial gigantiform cementoma. Fibrous dysplasia may present in the monostotic form, affecting one single bone or an isolated craniofacial region; and in the Polyostotic form, involving two or more bones of the skeleton, and eventual association with syndromic conditions. The patient, C.P.G., 43 years old, sought attendance due to symptomatic increase in the region of the mandibular body on the right side. Imaging exams revealed craniofacial areas with ground-glass aspect, beyond the extensive mandibular radiolucent lesion. During the physical exam, spots of the Café au lait type disposed on the right side of the body were identified, in addition to uncoordinated gait with distinct shortening of the right leg. Additional radiographic exams showed evidence of skeletal dissemination of the disease. The patient denied any sexual precocity, and the final diagnosis was fibrous dysplasia, expressed by means of the Jaffe-Lichtenstein syndrome, in association with a simple bone cyst.

scholarly journals Primitive ovarian carcinosarcoma: a clinical and radiological analysis of five cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiong Xu ◽  
Xiaofei Zhang ◽  
Yu Zou
Keyword(s):  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Cystic Mass ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Pathologic Evaluation ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background Ovarian carcinosarcomas (OCS) are very rare tumors composed of a mixture of carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements. There have been only scattered case studies that have described the imaging findings. In order to improve the awareness of this rare tumor, this study aimed to analyze the clinical and imaging features of five cases of OCS confirmed by surgical pathologic evaluation. Methods This retrospective study includes five OCS patients diagnosed and treated at our institute. The clinical course and imaging findings of all patients were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were 31 to 59 years of age. All five patients underwent CT scans, two underwent MRI scans. Results The five patients have no specific symptoms. Four patients had elevated CA 125 levels and three patients had elevated CA 153 levels. All patients had unilateral tumors, four in the left ovary, one in the right ovary. The largest transverse diameter of the tumors ranged from 11 cm to 14 cm. Two tumors showed solid masses with unequally sized cystic areas or necrosis, one showed a multilocular cystic mass with a large solid protrusion, two tumors showed a larger cystic mass with multiple mural nodules. The solid components of the tumors demonstrated restricted diffusion (the average ADC value being 998 mm2/s and 1102 mm2/s, respectively), and showed moderate or obvious enhancement. All five patients were treated by surgical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy. One patient is currently undergoing post-operative chemotherapy 1 month after operation and clinical stable. Three patients survived and showed no obvious recurrence and / or metastasis in follow-up from 9 to 59 months. One patient died from recurrence and metastasis. Conclusions OCS are rare and demonstrate variable CT and MRI morphological appearances. Due to the heterogeneous nature and very low morbidity of OCS, combination of careful analysis of imaging findings and clinical features might be useful for a more accurate diagnosis of OCS.

1321From high-density mapping to low-density mapping: an approach to delineate the active circuit in complex atrial reentrant tachycardias

EP Europace ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Alonso ◽  
E Rodriguez Font ◽  
J Guerra Ramos ◽  
B Campos Garcia ◽  
F Mendez Zurita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Heart Disease ◽  
High Density ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Density Mapping ◽  
Atrial Ablation ◽  
Active Circuit ◽  
The Right ◽  
Activation Map ◽  
Mapping Systems

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements NA OnBehalf NA Background High-density activation maps during complex atrial reentrant tachycardias are challenging to interpret as they include the activation patterns of active and passive circuits. Entrainment mapping provides the identification of the active tachycardia circuit. However, current electroanatomic mapping systems are not capable to color-coded the information obtained from entrainment maneuvers. Objectives  We sought to describe a mapping approach for ablation of complex atrial reentrant tachycardias in which high-density activation maps are transformed into low-density activation maps only displaying the active part of the tachycardia circuit. Methods We included consecutive patients with atypical atrial flutter. A high-density activation map was acquired during the index tachycardia. Subsequently, entrainment maneuvers were performed to generate a low-density activation map in which only the activation of the atria directly involved in the flutter circuit was displayed. Results  Seventeen patients were included 82%  male, mean age was 62 ± 7 years. Structural heart disease was present in 59% and 53% had a prior left atrial ablation procedure. Low-density activation maps were successfully generated from an average of  14 ± 3 entrainment points. Twenty circuits (95%) were identified in the left atrium and 1 (5%) in the right atrium. Ablation guided by low-density mapping successfully terminated all ARTs in 267 ± 353 seconds of radiofrequency application. Conclusion Low-density mapping based on entrainment maneuvers provides a precise delineation of the active circuit during complex ARTs and resulted in successful arrhythmia termination. This approach can be easily incorporated into clinical practice.

scholarly journals A retrospective clinico-pathologic analysis of cemento-osseous dysplasia in a South African patient population

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 3154-3159
Author(s):  
Mouna M Benaessa ◽  
Farzana Mahomed ◽  
Sizakele P Ngwenya
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Patient Population ◽  
Bone Cyst ◽  
Bone Lesion ◽  
Simple Bone Cyst ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Osseous Dysplasia ◽  
African Patient ◽  
Pathologic Analysis ◽  
South African Patient

Background: Cemento-osseous dysplasia (COD) is a fibro-osseous jaw bone lesion. The affected bone in COD progressively becomes sclerotic, poorly vascularized and susceptible to secondary osteomyelitis. Objective: To provide a clinico-pathologic appraisal of COD in a South African patient population. Methods: Archived records of 133 patients diagnosed with COD were reviewed for patient demographics, COD location,COD type, osteomyelitis or simple bone cyst secondary to COD. Results: The mean age was 53.4 ± 13.5 years with a 94.7% female predilection. COD mainly affected the mandible (57.1%),followed by involvement of both jaws (38.3%) and maxilla (4.5%). Florid COD was the most prevalent (69.9%), followed byfocal COD (18%) and periapical COD (12%). Florid COD showed a clear trend of increasing with age, peaking in the sixthdecade and decreasing thereafter. Osteomyelitis and simple bone cyst presented as complications of COD in 74.4% and 5.3%of cases respectively, while 21.8% of all cases of jaw osteomyelitis during the study period were secondary to COD. Conclusion: A higher frequency of jaw osteomyelitis secondary to COD was found compared to previous studies. No significantassociation was shown between any of the COD types and secondary osteomyelitis. Keywords: Cemento-osseous dysplasia; South Africa; patient population.

scholarly journals A rare case of bilateral mandibular simple bone cyst and the importance of differential diagnosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Saulo Gabriel Moreira Falci ◽  
Késsia Nara Andrade Sales ◽  
Lorenna Vieira Da Silva ◽  
Cássio Roberto Rocha Dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Rare Case ◽  
Bone Cyst ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Empty Space ◽  
Panoramic Radiograph ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor ◽  
Simple Bone Cyst ◽  
Radiographic Features ◽  
The Right

Objective: To present a rare case of a mandibular bilateral simple bone cyst (SBC) with different radiological features and argue about the importance of the differential diagnosis.Case description: A 16-year-old boy was referred by his dentist to evaluate two radiolucent mandibular lesions. The diagnostic hypotheses were ameloblastoma or keratocystic odontogenic tumor to the left side and odontogenic cyst on the right side due radiologic features. In the left side, needle aspiration and biopsy, were performed. During surgical approach there was an empty space in the surgical cavity compatible with SBC. At this moment the diagnostic was made and the cavity was submitted to rigorous curettage. The right side was assessed after 4 months. To our surprise, it was found an empty cavity, as the left side. Six months later the first biopsy the panoramic radiograph showed completely bone neoformation on both sides. The patient is in radiographic follow-up for three years, without relapse.Conclusions: Bilateral SBC is a rare condition that can show different radiographic features. The diagnostic is defined at the surgery time. The radiographic features helps in diagnosis, however, should not be decisive. Surgical exploration should be done soon after radiographic diagnoses.

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