scholarly journals A Modified Fully Convolutional Network for Crack Damage Identification Compared with Conventional Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Meng Meng ◽  
Kun Zhu ◽  
Keqin Chen ◽  
Hang Qu
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Crack Detection ◽  
Damage Identification ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Convolutional Network ◽  
Fully Convolutional Network ◽  
Concrete Crack ◽  
The Common ◽  
Underwater Structures

Large-scale structural health monitoring and damage detection of concealed underwater structures are always the urgent and state-of-art problems to be solved in the field of civil engineering. With the development of artificial intelligence especially the combination of deep learning and computer vision, greater advantages have been brought to the concrete crack detection based on convolutional neural network (CNN) over the traditional methods. However, these machine learning (ML) methods still have some defects, such as it being inaccurate or not strong, having poor generalization ability, or the accuracy still needs to be improved, and the running speed is slow. In this article, a modified fully convolutional network (FCN) with more robustness and more effectiveness is proposed, which makes it convenient and low cost for long-term structural monitoring and inspection compared with other methods. Meanwhile, to improve the accuracy of recognition and prediction, innovations were conducted in this study as follows. Moreover, differed from the common simple deconvolution, it also includes a subpixel convolution layer, which can greatly reduce the sampling time. Then, the proposed method was verified its practicability with the overall recognition accuracy reaching up to 97.92% and 12% efficiency improvement.

Automatic Boundary Extraction of Large-Scale Photovoltaic Plants Using a Fully Convolutional Network on Aerial Imagery

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1061-1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Mohammad Moradi Sizkouhi ◽  
Mohammadreza Aghaei ◽  
Sayyed Majid Esmailifar ◽  
Mohammad Reza Mohammadi ◽  
Francesco Grimaccia
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Aerial Imagery ◽  
Boundary Extraction ◽  
Convolutional Network ◽  
Fully Convolutional Network ◽  
Photovoltaic Plants

scholarly journals Low-cost Large Scale Vermicompost Unit

2021 ◽  
Vol 2115 (1) ◽  
pp. 012026
Author(s):  
Sonam Solanki ◽  
Gunendra Mahore
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Key Innovation ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Term Maintenance

Abstract In the current process of producing vermicompost on a large-scale, the main challenge is to keep the worms alive. This is achieved by maintaining temperature and moisture in their living medium. It is a difficult task to maintain these parameters throughout the process. Currently, this is achieved by building infrastructure but this method requires a large initial investment and long-run maintenance. Also, these methods are limited to small-scale production. For large-scale production, a unit is developed which utilises natural airflow with water and automation. The main aim of this unit is to provide favourable conditions to worms in large-scale production with very low investment and minimum maintenance in long term. The key innovation of this research is that the technology used in the unit should be practical and easy to adopt by small farmers. For long-term maintenance of the technology lesser number of parts are used.

Large-scale randomized evidence: Trials and meta-analyses of trials

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-66
Author(s):  
Colin Baigent ◽  
Richard Peto ◽  
Richard Gray ◽  
Natalie Staplin ◽  
Sarah Parish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
The Common ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Positive Results

Clinical trials generally need to be able to detect or to refute realistically moderate (but still worthwhile) differences between treatments in long-term disease outcome. Large-scale randomized evidence should be able to detect such effects, but medium-sized trials or medium-sized meta-analyses can, and often do, yield false-negative or exaggeratedly positive results. Hundreds of thousands of premature deaths each year could be avoided by seeking appropriately large-scale randomized evidence about various widely practicable treatments for the common causes of death, and by disseminating this evidence appropriately. This chapter takes a look at the use of large-scale randomized evidence—produced from trials and meta-analysis of trials—and how this data should be handled in order to produce accurate result.

scholarly journals Bat Pass Duration Measurement: An Indirect Measure of Distance of Detection

Diversity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Kerbiriou ◽  
Yves Bas ◽  
Isabelle Le Viol ◽  
Romain Lorrillière ◽  
Justine Mougnot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Flight Path ◽  
Population Trends ◽  
Detection Distance ◽  
Indirect Measure ◽  
Species Activity

Few reports have been published on detection distances of bat calls because the evaluation of detection distance is complicated. Several of the approaches used to measure detection distances are based on the researcher’s experience and judgment. More recently, multiple microphones have been used to model flight path. In this study, the validity of a low-cost and simple detectability metric was tested. We hypothesize that the duration of an echolocating-bat-pass within the area of an ultrasonic bat detector is correlated with the distance of detection. Two independent datasets from a large-scale acoustic bat survey—a total of 25,786 bat-passes from 20 taxa (18 species and two genera)—were measured. We found a strong relationship between these measures of bat-pass duration and published detection distances. The advantages of bat-pass duration measures are that, for each study, experimenters easily produce their own proxy for the distance of detection. This indirect measure of the distance of detection could be mobilized to monitor the loss in microphone sensitivity used to monitor long-term population trends. Finally, the possibility of producing an index for distance of detection provides a weight for each bat species’ activity when they are aggregated to produce a bat community metric, such as the widely used “total activity”.

Automatic Pixel-Level Crack Detection and Measurement Using Fully Convolutional Network

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 1090-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xincong Yang ◽  
Heng Li ◽  
Yantao Yu ◽  
Xiaochun Luo ◽  
Ting Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crack Detection ◽  
Convolutional Network ◽  
Fully Convolutional Network

CONSTRUCTION OF INEXPENSIVE, WALK-IN ENVIRONMENTAL CHAMBERS FOR STUDYING INSECT-TEMPERATURE RELATIONSHIPS1

1985 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-344
Author(s):  
M. C. Bell ◽  
R. G. Luttrell
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Environmental Chambers

The construction of walk-in controlled environmental chambers that achieve high accuracy at low cost is described. These chambers are capable of maintaining air temperatures at 15 - 35° ± 0.5°C. Long term (weekly) humidity stability averages 75% RH at ±6%. The described units are useful for large-scale bioassay experiments.

Facile self-templated synthesis of P2-type Na0.7CoO2 microsheets as a long-term cathode for high-energy sodium-ion batteries

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (23) ◽  
pp. 13922-13927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Peng ◽  
Zhihao Sun ◽  
Shuhong Jiao ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Gongrui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Sodium Ion ◽  
Sodium Ion Batteries ◽  
Templated Synthesis ◽  
Working Principle

Sodium-ion batteries are one of the most promising candidates for large-scale energy storage systems due to the low cost of sodium source and their similar working principle to lithium-ion batteries.

scholarly journals EU-financed peripheral large-scale infrastructure projects and the White Elephant syndrome: The example of Rail Baltica

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-39
Author(s):  
Viljar Veebel ◽  
Raul Markus ◽  
Illimar Ploom
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Public Servants ◽  
Public Investments ◽  
Common Criteria ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
Expected Outcome ◽  
The Common ◽  
Initial Financing ◽  
The Eu

The present study revolves around the question of the appropriateness of “the White Elephant syndrome” to characterise the nature of the planned trans-Baltic railway project Rail Baltica (RB) in terms of its initial financing, long-term profitability and symbolic importance. Whereas, in general, the expected outcome of the project goes well together with the EU Cohesion Policy goals, in its concrete application RB could serve as an example of the tendency of politicians and public servants to institutionally lock themselves into certain irrational choices about publicly financed mega-projects. This is what “the White Elephant syndrome” metaphor illustrates. Methodologically, this paper aims to analyse whether RB meets the common criteria of “the White Elephant syndrome” of public investments or if it can be seen as a sustainable and profitable long-term project after the initial investment.

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