scholarly journals Septic Pulmonary Embolism Causing Recurrent Pneumothorax in an Intravenous Drug User without Right-Sided Valvular Vegetation in Infective Endocarditis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Mason Montano ◽  
Kevin Lee ◽  
Kushal Patel ◽  
Mutsumi Kioka
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Pulmonary Valve ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Intravenous Drug User ◽  
Intravenous Drug ◽  
Intravenous Drug Use ◽  
Indwelling Catheters ◽  
Septic Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Valve Lesions

The following report illustrates a case of a 36-year-old Caucasian male with intravenous drug use (IVDU) induced septic thrombophlebitis presenting with recurrent unilateral pneumothoraces from septic pulmonary embolism (SPE) without the presence of obvious right-sided valvular vegetation in infective endocarditis (IE), defined as tricuspid or pulmonary valve lesions. Pneumothorax (PTX) has been observed as a rare complication of SPE and is commonly associated with infective right-sided IE, IVDU, and intravascular indwelling catheters. However, this case is novel as it is the very rare documented case of recurrent, unilateral, spontaneous right PTX refractory to multiple chest tube placements in such a setting. Therefore, the absence of detectable right-sided valvular vegetation in IE does not obviate the risk of SPE-induced PTX in IVDU and further expands the realm of infectious and pulmonary consequences of SPE and IVDU.

scholarly journals Hemothorax due to Ruptured Mycotic Aneurysm of Intercostal Arteries Associated with Infective Endocarditis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eddie Y. Liu ◽  
Jennifer Crawford ◽  
Haissam Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Mycotic Aneurysm ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Intravenous Drug ◽  
Intravenous Drug Use ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

We present a case of hemothorax due to ruptured mycotic aneurysm in three intercostal arteries in a 40-year-old male with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infective endocarditis (IE) due to intravenous drug use. Microcoil embolization and thoracotomy successfully achieved hemostasis. Mycotic aneurysm is a rare complication of IE and is usually found in the intracranial vessels. Ruptured mycotic aneurysm in the intercostal arteries can be associated with IE and can present as acute hemothorax.

scholarly journals Septic Pulmonary Embolism in an Intravenous Drug User

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Sarah Hoye ◽  
◽  
Damian Tolan ◽  
Aleck Brownjohn ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Drug User ◽  
Intravenous Drug User ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Intravenous Drug ◽  
Recent Case ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Septic Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Delays In Diagnosis

A recent case of septic pulmonary embolism in an intravenous drug user, complicated by issues of recurrent self discharge and delays in diagnosis yields opportunity to increase awareness of this uncommon yet life-threatening disorder. The literature is reviewed and includes suggested aids to raise clinical suspicion and improve subsequent management.

scholarly journals The advantages and limitations of echocardiography in a unique presentation of double-sided endocarditis from intravenous drug use

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Ben Alencherry ◽  
Claire Sullivan ◽  
Brian Hoit
Keyword(s):  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Intravenous Drug User ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
Intravenous Drug ◽  
Valvular Regurgitation ◽  
Intravenous Drug Use ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Posterior Mitral Leaflet ◽  
History Of ◽  
Extent Of Disease

A 25-year-old female intravenous drug user presented with a three-week-history of fever and myalgias and was found to have infective endocarditis affecting the mitral and tricuspid valves.  Blood cultures grew methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. Computed tomography showed emboli in multiple organs.  Transthoracic echocardiogram revealed large vegetations on the mitral valve with moderate valvular regurgitation and a transesophageal echocardiogram identified a posterior mitral leaflet perforation.  The patient underwent urgent surgical intervention after developing respiratory distress from worsening congestive heart failure.  Intraoperative findings in addition to those found on echocardiography included a large abscess in the posterior wall of the left atrium.  The patient underwent mitral and tricuspid valve replacement due to valve damage.  This case shows a unique presentation of valvular involvement of infective endocarditis and the capabilities and limitations of echocardiography in assessing the extent of disease in this condition.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Pneumothorax as a Complication of Septic Pulmonary Embolism in an Intravenous Drug User: A Case Report

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chau-Chyun Sheu ◽  
Jhi-Jhu Hwang ◽  
Jong-Rung Tsai ◽  
Tung-Heng Wang ◽  
Inn-Wen Chong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Drug User ◽  
Spontaneous Pneumothorax ◽  
Intravenous Drug User ◽  
Intravenous Drug ◽  
Septic Pulmonary Embolism

scholarly journals Case report: isolated pulmonary valve endocarditis in a 39-year-old patient with intravenous drug abuse

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Richard Platz ◽  
Stephan Stöbe ◽  
Paul Baum ◽  
Michael Metze
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Pulmonary Valve ◽  
Intravenous Drug User ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Intravenous Drug ◽  
Intravenous Drug Abuse ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Special Focus

Abstract Background  Isolated pulmonary valve endocarditis is a very rare form of right-sided infective endocarditis. Due to the anatomy, in most cases, just the tricuspid valve is involved. Diagnosis can be challenging because of non-specific symptoms (fever, dyspnoea, haemoptysis, and pleuritic chest pain) and difficulty of detection by echocardiography. Risk factors include intravenous drug abuse, congenital heart disorders, alcohol abuse, male sex and central venous catheters, or pacemaker leads. Case summary  A 39-year-old homeless male patient, who was a current intravenous drug user, presented with fever, dyspnoea, and haemoptysis. The chest X-ray showed bilateral infiltrates. Empiric antibiotic treatment was initiated. Blood cultures showed the presence of Streptococcus dysgalactiae. Atypical causes of pneumonia were excluded. Systemic embolism was suspected, and a computed tomography scan of brain, thorax, and abdomen was performed. Multiple septic embolic lesions were detected in both lungs. Echocardiography revealed an isolated pulmonary valve endocarditis. Penicillin G and gentamycin were administered intravenously for a duration of 6 and 2 weeks, respectively. The patient was discharged in stable condition but did not return for outpatient clinical appointments. Discussion  To detect rare causes of right-sided infective endocarditis, repeated echocardiograms with special focus on the pulmonary valve may be required. Usually, antibiotic treatment alone leads to recovery. In special situations (heart failure, septic shock, or large vegetation size) surgery is required. Due to the high risk of postoperative complications, surgery in intravenous drug users should be avoided if possible.

A rare case of native pulmonary valve infective endocarditis complicated by septic pulmonary embolism

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-155
Author(s):  
Andrea Sonaglioni ◽  
Giulia Binda ◽  
Elisabetta Rigamonti ◽  
Antonio Vincenti ◽  
Roberta Trevisan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Pulmonary Valve ◽  
Septic Pulmonary Embolism

The Lived Experience of Nurses Caring for Patients Diagnosed With Intravenous Drug Use–Associated Infective Endocarditis in Appalachia: A Phenomenological Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 107839032110377
Author(s):  
Kendrea L. Todt ◽  
Sandra P. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Intravenous Drug ◽  
Intravenous Drug Use ◽  
Central Theme ◽  
Number Of Patients

BACKGROUND: The number of patients admitted with infective endocarditis (IE) from intravenous drug use (IVDU) in Appalachia is increasing, a direct downstream effect of the opioid crisis. Extant literature highlights the pejorative attitudes health care workers have toward patients with substance use disorder, with nurses among the most punitive. Rather than describe attitudes, the purpose of this study was to describe the lived experiences of nurses caring for patients diagnosed with IE from IVDU in Appalachia. OBJECTIVE: To describe an unexplored phenomenon in Appalachia to inform nursing practice, nursing education, and health policy. METHOD: Qualitative phenomenological study using the University of Tennessee method based on the tenets of Maurice Merleau-Ponty. Nine nurses (ages 29-53 years) recruited using purposive and snowball sampling participated in unstructured phenomenological interviews. RESULTS: The essential meaning or central theme of the nurse experience working with these patients was a sense of hopelessness/hope, with four interrelated themes derived from the central theme: (1) guarding/escaping, (2) responsibility and revulsion, (3) apathy/empathy, and (4) grief and sorrow/cold and unemotional. Universally, nurses perceived caring for this population as futile, feeling a sense of powerlessness to change the outcome. CONCLUSIONS: These care experiences frustrated nurses, who described being physically and emotionally drained. To improve care delivery and improve patient outcomes, emphasis must be placed on nurse addiction education and standardizing nurse to patient with substance use disorder ratios to decrease work-related stress on nurses.

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