Growth of Intramedullary Spinal Cord Dermoid Cyst from a Congenital Thoracic Dermal Sinus Tract after Negative Screening Ultrasound Imaging

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Liam G. Coulthard ◽  
Craig Robert Vonhoff ◽  
Ahmad M. Badran ◽  
Thomas E. Robertson ◽  
Martin J. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Dermoid Cyst ◽  
English Literature ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Dermal Sinus ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Intramedullary Spinal Cord ◽  
First Case ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Screening Ultrasound

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Intramedullary thoracic dermoid cysts are rare lesions that are associated with dermal sinus tracts (DSTs). Current recommendations advocate for imaging-based screening of suspected DSTs shortly after birth to exclude associated inclusion lesions. <b><i>Case Presentation:</i></b> A 6-year-old male child presented with a 2-week history of progressive ataxia, lower limb weakness, and hyperreflexia. He was suspected to have a thoracic DST at birth, though initial screening ultrasound was negative for an inclusion lesion or intradural tract. On representation, MRI demonstrated a 3.9-cm intramedullary thoracic dermoid cyst causing significant spinal cord compression. Intraoperatively, a DST extending intradurally was found. The associated dermoid cyst was removed via intracapsular resection. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Whilst dermoid cysts are presumed to progressively develop from DSTs, to our knowledge, this is the first case in English literature documenting a thoracic spinal cord intramedullary dermoid cyst following a negative screening ultrasound for a suspected DST. We use this case to highlight the false-negative rates associated with postnatal screening and advocate for early neurosurgical referral of suspected DSTs, regardless of imaging findings.

scholarly journals Upper thoracic spinal cord herniation after traumatic nerve root avulsion

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 306-309
Author(s):  
Victor R. DaSilva ◽  
Mubarak Al-Gahtany ◽  
Rajiv Midha ◽  
Dipanka Sarma ◽  
Perry Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Nerve Root ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Root Avulsion ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
First Case ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Spinal Cord Herniation ◽  
Nerve Root Avulsion ◽  
Upper Thoracic

✓ Transdural herniation of the spinal cord, a rare but well-documented entity, has been reported sporadically for more than 25 years as a possible cause for various neurological signs and symptoms ranging from isolated sensory or motor findings to myelopathy and Brown–Séquard syndrome. The authors report, to the best of their knowledge, the first case of upper thoracic spinal cord herniation occurring after traumatic nerve root avulsion.

scholarly journals Supratentorial Glioblastoma With Spinal Cord Intramedullary Metastasis

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark G. Hamilton ◽  
Bruce I. Tranmer ◽  
Neil A. Hagen
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Malignant Astrocytoma ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Intramedullary Spinal Cord ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Common Clinical Problem ◽  
Gross Examination ◽  
Intramedullary Spinal Cord Metastasis

ABSTRACT:A patient presented with myelopathy due to intramedullary thoracic spinal cord glioblastoma 10 months after treatment for a supratentorial glioblastoma. There was no supratentorial recurrence, and no evidence of gross leptomeningeal dissemination documented by CSF cytology, complete myelography, and MR1 imaging. Gross examination of the spinal cord and arachnoid at the time of exploratory thoracic spinal surgery was normal. However, histological review of thoracic arachnoid demonstrated microscopic deposits of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) positive tumour consistent with malignant astrocytoma. Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis of cerebral glioblastoma rarely occurs, but may develop in association with leptomeningeal tumour dissemination. As local control of primary tumours improves, distant metastasis is likely to become a more common clinical problem. Leptomeningeal gliomato-sis may be very difficult to document, even when clinically suspected and GFAP staining of a biopsy of arachnoid tissue can play an important role in confirming the diagnosis. This information can be critical to establish prognosis and develop an appropriate treatment strategy.

Upper thoracic spinal cord herniation after traumatic nerve root avulsion

2003 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor R. Dasilva ◽  
Mubarak Al-Gahtany ◽  
Rajiv Midha ◽  
Dipanka Sarma ◽  
Perry Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Nerve Root ◽  
Root Avulsion ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Content Type ◽  
First Case ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Spinal Cord Herniation ◽  
Nerve Root Avulsion ◽  
Upper Thoracic

✓ Transdural herniation of the spinal cord, a rare but well-documented entity, has been reported sporadically for more than 25 years as a possible cause for various neurological signs and symptoms ranging from isolated sensory or motor findings to myelopathy and Brown—Séquard syndrome. The authors report, to the best of their knowledge, the first case of upper thoracic spinal cord herniation occurring after traumatic nerve root avulsion.

scholarly journals Burst Stimulation of the Thoracic Spinal Cord near a Cardiac Pacemaker in an Elderly Patient with Postherpetic Neuralgia: A Case Report

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
Yeon Joo Lee ◽  
Myoung Hoon Kong ◽  
Sang Sik Choi ◽  
Yong Deok Kwon ◽  
Mi Kyoung Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Postherpetic Neuralgia ◽  
Cardiac Pacemaker ◽  
Functional Improvement ◽  
Spinal Cord Stimulator ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Burst Mode ◽  
First Case ◽  
Thoracic Spinal

New developments in spinal cord stimulation (SCS) have improved the treatment of patients with chronic pain. Although the overall safety of modern SCS has been established, there are no published reports regarding safety considerations when implanting a burst-mode spinal cord stimulator in patients with permanent cardiac pacemakers (PCPs). An 80-year-old man with a complete atrioventricular block implanted with a PCP was considered as a candidate for burst-mode SCS due to well-established postherpetic neuralgia (>180 days after rash). Cardiac monitoring during the burst-mode spinal cord stimulator trial and insertion did not indicate any interference. After the insertion of the burst-mode spinal cord stimulator, the patient showed functional improvement and significant pain relief. The safety of traditional tonic-mode SCS in patients with PCP has been previously reported. This is the first case report describing the safe and effective use of burst-mode SCS in a patient with PCP.

scholarly journals Microsurgical resection of intramedullary spinal cord hemangioblastoma

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (v2supplement) ◽  
pp. Video10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul C. McCormick
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Tumors ◽  
Pia Mater ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Intramedullary Spinal Cord ◽  
Glial Tumors ◽  
Tumor Margin ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Microsurgical Techniques ◽  
Microsurgical Resection

Spinal cord hemangioblastomas account for about 10% of spinal cord tumors. They usually arise from the dorsolateral pia mater and are characterized by their significant vascularity. The principles and techniques of safe resection are different than those employed for the more commonly occurring intramedullary glial tumors (e.g. ependymoma, astrocytoma) and consist of circumferential detachment of the tumor margin from the surrounding normal pia. This video demonstrates the microsurgical techniques of resection of a thoracic spinal cord hemangioblastoma.The video can be found here: http://youtu.be/yT5KLi4VyAo.

Leptomeningeal spread of intramedullary spinal cord tumors

1988 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
William O. Bell ◽  
Roger J. Packer ◽  
Kathy R. Seigel ◽  
Lucy B. Rorke ◽  
Leslie N. Sutton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Tumors ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Intramedullary Spinal Cord ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Leptomeningeal Spread ◽  
The Past ◽  
Thoracic Spinal

✓ Three patients with intramedullary spinal cord tumors and secondary leptomeningeal spread of their tumors are presented. Two patients had astrocytomas and one had a ganglioglioma. Two tumors were located in the cervical spinal cord and one within the thoracic spinal cord. Review of the past and recent literature shows leptomeningeal dissemination of spinal cord tumors to be relatively rare, but it should be suspected and investigated in any patient whose condition deteriorates following removal of a spinal cord neoplasm.

Nondysraphic pediatric intramedullary spinal cord lipomas

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen L. Fleming ◽  
Laurence Davidson ◽  
Ignacio Gonzalez-Gomez ◽  
J. Gordon McComb
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Intramedullary Spinal Cord ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Stabilization Procedure

Object Intramedullary spinal cord lipomas not associated with dysraphism are infrequently reported. When present, they typically occur in children and have a predilection for the cervical and thoracic spinal cord. The authors review the presentation, treatment, and disease course in 5 pediatric patients, and compare the outcomes with previously reported cases. Methods With institutional review board approval, a retrospective chart review was undertaken at Childrens Hospital Los Angeles. Results Four patients with intramedullary spinal cord lipomas and 1 patient with a lipoblastoma, none associated with dysraphism, were retrospectively reviewed. There were 2 boys and 3 girls ranging in age from 2 months to 4 years. Four patients underwent a laminectomy or laminoplasty with one or more subtotal resections. One patient initially underwent a decompressive laminoplasty without debulking. The median follow-up was 8 years (range 12 months–11 years). Two patients had regrowth of their lipoma, necessitating a second surgery in one patient and 3 debulking surgeries in the other. Postoperatively, 3 patients developed mild kyphosis, none significant enough to require orthopedic intervention. One patient underwent a stabilization procedure at the time of the initial laminectomy and tumor debulking. No patient received chemotherapy or radiation. At the most recent follow-up visit, patients demonstrated improved neurological function when compared with preoperative status. Conclusions In addition to a decompressive laminectomy, debulking of the lipoma provides the best long-term neurological outcome. Gross-total excision is not warranted and usually is not possible. Long-term follow-up is needed, and repeat debulking of the lipoma is indicated if there is an increase in tumor size due to hyperplasia of residual adipocytes, when tumor growth is associated with neurological deterioration.

Intramedullary spinal cord ganglioglioma presenting as hyperhidrosis: unique symptoms and magnetic resonance imaging findings

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohiro Murakami ◽  
Izumi Koyanagi ◽  
Takahisa Kaneko ◽  
Akihiro Yoneta ◽  
Yoshiko Keira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Initial Symptom ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Intramedullary Spinal Cord ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
The Right

Hyperhidrosis is caused by a sympathetic dysfunction of the central or peripheral nervous system. Intramedullary spinal cord lesions can be a cause of hyperhidrosis. The authors report a rare case of intramedullary thoracic spinal cord ganglioglioma presenting as hyperhidrosis. This 16-year-old boy presented with abnormal sweating on the right side of the neck, chest, and the right arm that had been occurring for 6 years. Neurological examination revealed mild motor weakness of the right lower extremity and slightly decreased sensation in the left lower extremity. Hyperhidrosis was observed in the right C3–T8 dermatomes. Magnetic resonance imaging showed an intramedullary tumor at the right side of the spinal cord at the T2–3 level. The tumor showed partial enhancement after Gd administration. The patient underwent removal of the tumor via hemilaminectomy of T2–3. Only subtotal resection was achieved because the margins of the tumor were unclear. Histopathological examination revealed ganglioglioma. Hyperhidrosis gradually improved after surgery. Hyperhidrosis is a rare clinical manifestation of intramedullary spinal cord tumors, and only a few cases have been reported in the literature. The location of the tumor origin, around the right gray matter of the lateral spinal cord, may account for the hyperhidrosis as the initial symptom in this patient. Physicians should examine the spinal cord using MRI studies when a patient has hyperhidrosis with some motor or sensory symptoms of the extremities.

scholarly journals Symptomatic thoracic spinal cord compression caused by postsurgical pseudomeningocele

2007 ◽  
Vol 65 (2A) ◽  
pp. 279-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur de Azambuja Pereira Filho ◽  
Gustavo de David ◽  
Gustavo de Azambuja Pereira Filho ◽  
Albert Vincent Berthier Brasil
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Dural Closure ◽  
First Case ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Full Neurological Recovery ◽  
Intradural Extramedullary ◽  
Loss Of Strength

We report the first case of symptomatic thoracic spinal cord compression caused by postsurgical pseudomeningocele. A 49-year-old man sought treatment for progressive loss of strength in the lower extremities ten months after full neurological recovery for a thoracic (T11) intradural-extramedullary schwannoma. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a postsurgical thoracic (T11-T12) pseudomeningocele. The surgical approach showed an inadequate dural closure with spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid fistula. The defect was sealed with suture, muscle and biological glue covering. The patient had a good recovery. Pseudomeningocele must take part of the differential diagnosis of myelopathy after thoracic spine surgery.

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