scholarly journals Cudworth, Bayle y Hume: sobre el ateísmo estratonista

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (38) ◽  
pp. 11-24
Author(s):  
Fernando Bahr
Keyword(s):  
David Hume ◽  
Natural Religion ◽  
Ralph Cudworth ◽  
Pierre Bayle

Uno de los debates más interesante en torno a la razonabilidad del materialismo ateo se dio entre los siglos XVII y XVIII a partir de que el anglicano Ralph Cudworth recuperó, para confutarla, una antigua versión atribuida al peripatético Estratón de Lampsaco. Esta versión, y las ideas de Cudworth al respecto, llegan al Continente por obra de Jean Le Clerc, donde rápidamente caen bajo la crítica de Pierre Bayle. Bayle, en efecto, muestra que la posición de Cudworth era menos sólida de lo que se suponía y que, por lo tanto, la hipótesis estratonista no había sido confutada ni mucho menos. David Hume, por su parte, tomó nota de este debate y lo reutilizó como parte importante de sus Dialogues concerning Natural Religion, desde donde alcanzó su más amplia difusión.

Hume and the Legacy of Academic Scepticism

2019 ◽  
pp. 39-76
Author(s):  
Peter S. Fosl
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
David Hume ◽  
General Framework ◽  
John Locke ◽  
Early Modernity ◽  
Treatise Of Human Nature ◽  
Pierre Bayle ◽  
The Middle Ages

Chapter Two of Hume’s Scepticism charts the development of Academic scepticism from Cicero and Augustine, through the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, and into early modernity. The exposition is organized around sceptical ideas that anticipated or may have influenced David Hume, who describes himself an ‘academical’ sceptic. The chapter also sets out Cicero’s influence upon Hume, scepticism at the college in La Flèche where Hume wrote much of A Treatise of Human Nature, and Hume’s self-conception of Academic scepticism. Accounts of sceptical ideas in Marin Mersenne, Simon Foucher, John Locke, Pierre-Daniel Huet, and Pierre Bayle set the stage for Hume’s own Academicism. The chapter closes with a five-point General Framework defining Academic Scepticism.

Brown, Thomas (1778–1820)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Bryant
Keyword(s):  
David Hume ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Thomas Reid ◽  
Simple Substance ◽  
Natural Religion ◽  
Physical Objects ◽  
The Mind

Thomas Brown was the last prominent figure in the Scottish philosophical tradition deriving from David Hume and Thomas Reid. Like Reid, he took the mind’s knowledge about itself to be a datum it is pointless to challenge or try to justify, since no other grounds can be more certain for us. But he defended Hume’s account of causation as nothing more than invariable succession. The mind, therefore, is a simple substance, whose successive states are affected by and affect the states of physical objects: the laws according to which these changes take place are no harder to grasp than the effects of gravitation. Brown’s lectures, published as delivered daily to Edinburgh students, seek to classify the laws of the mind so that we can conveniently understand ourselves, and direct our lives accordingly; the last quarter of his course draws conclusions for ethics and natural religion.

Kames and the Argument from Perceptual Reliability

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas McDermid
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
David Hume ◽  
Philosophical Work ◽  
Natural Religion ◽  
Perceptual Realism

Critic and cousin to David Hume, Henry Home (1696–1782)—or Lord Kames, as he was known after his appointment to the Court of Session in 1752—had remarkably varied intellectual interests. His principal philosophical work is Essays on the Principles of Morality and Natural Religion (1751, revised in 1758 and again in 1779), which contains constructive rejoinders to many of the sceptical arguments presented by Hume and Berkeley. The purpose of this chapter is to analyse Kames’s little-known defence of perceptual realism as it was set forth in the 1751 version of his Essays. As will become apparent in Chapter 3, Kames’s views about the nature of perception anticipated and inspired Thomas Reid’s plea for the view that we have immediate knowledge of a mind-independent world. This makes Kames the de facto founder of the Scottish common sense realist tradition.

Hume amongst the Theologians

2019 ◽  
pp. 301-313
Author(s):  
David Fergusson
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
David Hume ◽  
Philosophical Theology ◽  
Scottish Enlightenment ◽  
Native Land ◽  
Natural Religion ◽  
Philosophical Style

The doyen of the Scottish Enlightenment, David Hume (1711–76) was notable for the religious scepticism evident in his writings, particularly the posthumously published masterpiece The Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion. This chapter explores a series of responses to Hume from theologians and religiously inclined philosophers in his native land from the eighteenth to the twentieth century. These are grouped into three categories—the rejection of Hume as a ‘dangerous infidel’, the affirmation of Hume as the catalyst for a more rationally grounded philosophical theology, and the conviction that Hume is a sceptic of perennial religious worth. Finally, Hume’s philosophical style is commended to contemporary audiences.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document